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Gynecological Cancers: Molecular Insights to Precision Therapy

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 709

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gynecological cancers remain a significant cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Despite progress in prevention, early detection, and therapy, outcomes for many patients are unsatisfactory due to tumor heterogeneity, late diagnosis, and the development of treatment resistance. Recent advances in molecular biology, genomics, and multi-omics technologies have provided unprecedented insights into the biological and genetic mechanisms underlying these diseases. Such knowledge is driving the transition from conventional therapeutic approaches to precision oncology, where treatment decisions are guided by the molecular characteristics of individual tumors.

This Special Issue, “Gynecological Cancers: Molecular Insights to Precision Therapy”, aims to present recent advances in the understanding of the molecular basis of gynecological malignancies and their clinical translation. The contributions focus on the discovery of new diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers; the elucidation of genetic, epigenetic, and immunological mechanisms of tumor progression; and the development of targeted and immunotherapeutic strategies. Special emphasis is given to translational and integrative studies linking molecular alterations with clinical outcomes, with the goal of promoting truly personalized therapeutic approaches.

By bringing together multidisciplinary research from molecular scientists, pathologists, and clinicians, this Special Issue seeks to foster collaboration and accelerate the implementation of precision medicine in the management of gynecological cancers, ultimately improving patient survival and quality of life.

Dr. Gian Franco Zannoni
Dr. Angela Santoro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gynecological cancers
  • precision medicine
  • molecular biomarkers
  • targeted therapy
  • tumor microenvironment
  • immunotherapy
  • translational oncology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 2590 KB  
Article
A Phase 1 Dose Escalation of Lapatinib and Paclitaxel in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
by Connie D. Cao, Joseph Robert McCorkle, Donglin Yan, Hoda Saghaeiannejad Esfahani, Rani Jayswal, Dava Piecoro, Ning Li, Lauren A. Baldwin, Rachel W. Miller, Christopher P. Desimone, Charles S. Dietrich, Frederick R. Ueland and Jill M. Kolesar
Cancers 2026, 18(4), 626; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18040626 - 14 Feb 2026
Viewed by 490
Abstract
Objective: The development of ABCB1-mediated resistance limits the clinical efficacy of paclitaxel. Lapatinib is a small-molecule reversible tyrosine kinase and ABCB1 inhibitor that could prevent resistance. Our objective was to determine a recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of the combination of paclitaxel and [...] Read more.
Objective: The development of ABCB1-mediated resistance limits the clinical efficacy of paclitaxel. Lapatinib is a small-molecule reversible tyrosine kinase and ABCB1 inhibitor that could prevent resistance. Our objective was to determine a recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of the combination of paclitaxel and lapatinib. Methods: A phase 1 dose-escalation study utilizing a Bayesian optimal interval (BOIN) design in recurrent ovarian cancer patients was conducted. Patients were pretreated with pulsed lapatinib in the 48 h preceding weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) in 28-day cycles for up to three cycles. We evaluated three lapatinib doses, escalating from 750 to 2000 mg orally twice daily. Results: Sixteen patients were eligible and evaluable for efficacy and toxicity. Patients received a median of three prior therapies. Three patients were treated at dose level 1, six at dose level 2, and seven at dose level 3. There was one dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in dose level 2 (diarrhea) and another in dose level 3 (neutropenia), with a posterior DLT estimate of 0.17, 95% credible interval of (0.01, 0.53) for dose level 3 based on isotonic regression. The most common grade 1–2 adverse effects were diarrhea (87.5%), leukopenia (56.3%), and anemia (50%). One (6.25%) patient had a complete response, and seven (43.75%) patients had partial responses for an overall response rate (ORR) of 50%. The clinical responses are supported by a significant decreasing trend in CA 125 over six cycles (p = 0.0001). Among the seven patients treated at the RP2D, the ORR was 71.4%. Conclusions: The combination of paclitaxel and lapatinib was safe and demonstrated an efficacy signal. The RP2D was weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 combined with lapatinib 2000 mg twice daily two days before the paclitaxel dose. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04608409. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gynecological Cancers: Molecular Insights to Precision Therapy)
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