Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Pathophysiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2022) | Viewed by 2765

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Interests: tumor microenvironment; breast cancer; metastasis; mesenchymal stem cells; MSCs; cancer stem cells; CSCs; microRNAs; long non-coding RNAs; lncRNAs; cancer stroma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neoplastic epithelial cells within breast cancers co-exist with a variety of stromal cell types that collectively form the tumor microenvironment (TME). It is increasingly appreciated that such stromal niche is not an inert bystander of tumor development, but an active participant in several aspects of cancer pathogenesis, be they initiation, growth, or progression. Indeed, mounting research studies have catalogued the heterotypic interactions that operate between breast cancer cells and their microenvironment and have enumerated critical influences of such crosstalk, for example, on cancer stem cell (CSC) genesis, metabolic adaptation, clonal expansion and heterogeneity, or immune evasion. Equally compelling is evidence describing the regulatory impact of the TME on cancer cell invasion, spread, and response to therapy. While much has been learnt on these fronts over the past few decades, our understanding of the contributions of the TME to breast malignancy is far from complete and deserves further focus. This Special Issue of Cancers will highlight the essential role of the TME in breast cancer development and is intended to encompass both basic and translational research articles that would further expand our understanding of the contextual stromal signals that steer breast cancer pathogenesis and provide novel avenues for disease management in the clinic.

Dr. Antoine E. Karnoub
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • breast cancer
  • tumor microenvironment
  • stroma
  • TME
  • cancer therapy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 2922 KiB  
Article
ERα36-High Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as an Unfavorable Factor in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
by Anna Nagel, Marta Popeda, Anna Muchlinska, Rafal Sadej, Jolanta Szade, Jacek Zielinski, Jaroslaw Skokowski, Magdalena Niemira, Adam Kretowski, Aleksandra Markiewicz and Anna J. Zaczek
Cancers 2022, 14(8), 2005; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14082005 - 15 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2386
Abstract
Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant cell type in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ERα36), the alternatively spliced variant of ERα, is described as an unfavorable factor when expressed in cancer cells. ERα can be expressed also in [...] Read more.
Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant cell type in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ERα36), the alternatively spliced variant of ERα, is described as an unfavorable factor when expressed in cancer cells. ERα can be expressed also in CAFs; however, the role of ERα36 in CAFs is unknown. Methods: Four CAF cultures were isolated from chemotherapy-naïve BC patients and characterized for ERα36 expression and the NanoString gene expression panel using isolated RNA. Conditioned media from CAF cultures were used to assess the influence of CAFs on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells using a matrigel 3D culture assay. Results: We found that ERα36high CAFs significantly induced the branching of TNBC cells in vitro (p < 0.001). They also produced a set of pro-tumorigenic cytokines compared to ERα36low CAFs, among which hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was the main inducer of TNBC cell invasive phenotype in vitro (p < 0.001). Tumor stroma rich in ERα36high CAFs was correlated with high Ki67 expression (p = 0.041) and tumor-associated macrophages markers (CD68 and CD163, p = 0.041 for both). HGF was found to be an unfavorable prognostic factor in TCGA database analysis (p = 0.03 for DFS and p = 0.04 for OS). Conclusions: Breast cancer-associated fibroblasts represent distinct subtypes based on ERα36 expression. We propose that ERα36high CAFs could account for an unfavorable prognosis for TNBC patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tumor Microenvironment in Breast Cancers)
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