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Catalysts
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Catalysis in Treatment and Utilization of Organic Waste
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Catalysis in Treatment and Utilization of Organic Waste

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2022) | Viewed by 7500

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Huan Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: organic waste treatment for resource and energy recovery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jiabai Cai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, C-1-3-461, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
Interests: catalytic oxidation treatment of organic waste

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Organic waste is a global problem due to its huge quantity and potential threat to environment. Energy recovery from organic waste is an effective way to solve the problem and contribute to greenhouse gas reduction. However, there are still many challenges on this way. Some organic wastes are toxic, persistent, and difficult to degrade, so they are very harmful to the environment and humans. Effective catalytic treatment of organic waste can reduce environmental pollution and even turn waste into treasure. Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344) is an international open access journal of catalysts and catalyzed reactions. This Special Issue of Catalysts on “Catalysis in Treatment and Utilization of Organic Waste” invites papers dealing with emerging topics in environmental chemical and process engineering, including pollution control, separation processes, advanced oxidation processes, resources recovery, waste-to-energy, environmental nanotechnology, and utilization. Papers should describe their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible so that they can be reproduced.

Prof. Dr. Huan Li
Dr. Jiabai Cai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • organic waste
  • catalytic oxidation
  • catalysts
  • recycling

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4554 KiB  
Article
TiO2-Based Heterostructure Containing g-C3N4 for an Effective Photocatalytic Treatment of a Textile Dye
by Martina Kocijan, Milan Vukšić, Mario Kurtjak, Lidija Ćurković, Damjan Vengust and Matejka Podlogar
Catalysts 2022, 12(12), 1554; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12121554 - 1 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2154
Abstract
Water pollution has become a serious environmental issue. The textile industries using textile dyes are considered to be one of the most polluting of all industrial sectors. The application of solar-light semiconductor catalysts in wastewater treatment, among which TiO2 can be considered [...] Read more.
Water pollution has become a serious environmental issue. The textile industries using textile dyes are considered to be one of the most polluting of all industrial sectors. The application of solar-light semiconductor catalysts in wastewater treatment, among which TiO2 can be considered a prospective candidate, is limited by rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. To address these limitations, TiO2 was tailored with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) to develop a heterostructure of g-C3N4@TiO2. Herein, a simple hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2@g-C3N4 is presented, using titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and urea as precursors. The morphological and optical properties and the structure of g-C3N4, TiO2, and the prepared heterostructure TiO2@g-C3N4 (with different wt.% up to 32%), were analyzed by various laboratory methods. The photocatalytic activity was studied through the degradation of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution under UV-A and simulated solar irradiation. The results showed that the amount of g-C3N4 and the irradiation source are the most important influences on the efficiency of MB removal by g-C3N4@TiO2. Photocatalytic degradation of MB was also examined in realistic conditions, such as natural sunlight and different aqueous environments. The synthesized g-C3N4@TiO2 nanocomposite showed superior photocatalytic properties in comparison with pure TiO2 and g-C3N4, and is thus a promising new photocatalyst for real-life implementation. The degradation mechanism was investigated using scavengers for electrons, photogenerated holes, and hydroxyl radicals to find the responsible species for MB degradation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Treatment and Utilization of Organic Waste)
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17 pages, 3557 KiB  
Article
The Synergistic Catalysis of Chloroaromatic Organics and NOx over Monolithic Vanadium-Based Catalysts at Low Temperature
by Jianwen Lai, Yunfeng Ma, Jiayao Wu, Hong Yu, Xiaodong Li and Xiaoqing Lin
Catalysts 2022, 12(11), 1342; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111342 - 2 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1470
Abstract
In this study, four monolithic, vanadium-based catalysts in granular (Vox/TiO2), honeycomb-type (Vox-Wox/TiO2 and Vox-MoOx/TiO2), and corrugated forms (Vox-Wox/TiO2) were investigated by multiple characterization methods (BET, XRF, XPS, XRD, H2-TPR, and NH3-TPD). Their [...] Read more.
In this study, four monolithic, vanadium-based catalysts in granular (Vox/TiO2), honeycomb-type (Vox-Wox/TiO2 and Vox-MoOx/TiO2), and corrugated forms (Vox-Wox/TiO2) were investigated by multiple characterization methods (BET, XRF, XPS, XRD, H2-TPR, and NH3-TPD). Their catalytic performances were evaluated by the oxidation-reduction performance of ortho-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) and NO/NH3. The modification of Wox and MoOx could promote catalytic activity by accelerating the transformation of V5+/V4+ and enriching the strong acid sites. The introduction of NO/NH3 significantly impaired the o-DCB oxidation, ascribed to the competitive adsorption of reactants on acid sites. The performance of Vox/TiO2 and Vox-MoOx/TiO2 catalysts indicated that strong acidity could enhance catalytic abilities over o-DCB and Nox. Nevertheless, the CE (conversion efficiency) of o-DCB was more related to a large BET surface area and a high amount of V5+ species, while the CE of Nox was more associated with redox ability and Vox surface density. The V4+/V5+ and OS-A/OS-L ratio increased prominently after the oxidation of o-DCB, indicating that it was the reoxidation of V4+ species, rather than the supplement of oxygen, that limited the reaction rate. This work revealed catalytic activity was positively affiliated with the surface area, amount of V5+ species, transformation rate of V4+/V5+, redox ability, and abundance of strong acid sites. Additionally, the results could guide the selectivity and improvement of industrial low-temperature catalysts for synergistic elimination of chloroaromatic organics and Nox. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Treatment and Utilization of Organic Waste)
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18 pages, 18625 KiB  
Article
Insight into the Effects of Inorganic Element Catalysis and Basic Fuel Properties on the Self-Sustained Smoldering Process of Sewage Sludge
by Wei Zhang, Xiaowei Wang, Qianshi Song, Qianyi Chen, Haowen Li, Zixin Yang and Xiaohan Wang
Catalysts 2022, 12(10), 1173; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101173 - 5 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1356
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of inorganic element catalysis and basic fuel properties of sewage sludge on pyrolysis kinetics and self-sustained smoldering characteristics. The sludge pyrolysis process was explored by thermogravimetric and iso-conversion methods, and it was found [...] Read more.
The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of inorganic element catalysis and basic fuel properties of sewage sludge on pyrolysis kinetics and self-sustained smoldering characteristics. The sludge pyrolysis process was explored by thermogravimetric and iso-conversion methods, and it was found that the pyrolysis process can be divided into two stages, which are mainly determined by the organic and inorganic components of the fuel. The inorganic components (e.g., Na, Fe and Mn) have a significant catalytic effect on the release of volatiles and the decomposition of macromolecules. The smoldering experiment revealed that the smoldering front and the evaporation front propagated at stable but different speeds. Among the five fuels, SS4 has the highest smoldering temperature (1070 °C) and the lowest propagation velocity (0.7 cm/min of smoldering velocity and 0.3 cm/min of evaporation velocity), while the carbon density mainly determines the heat release in the oxidation process, and the inorganic elements play a significant catalytic role at different temperatures. The obtained thermodynamic and smoldering characteristics facilitate the development and optimization of the disposal of sewage sludge, emphasizing the importance of considering feedstock composition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Treatment and Utilization of Organic Waste)
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15 pages, 4130 KiB  
Article
Strengthen Air Oxidation of Refractory Humic Acid Using Reductively Etched Nickel-Cobalt Spinel Catalyst
by Qi Jing, Jiabai Cai and Huan Li
Catalysts 2022, 12(5), 536; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12050536 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1996
Abstract
Nickel-cobalt spinel catalyst (NCO) is a promising catalyst for air oxidation of humic acid, which is a typical natural refractory organic matter and a precursor of toxic disinfection by-products. In this study, reductive etchers, NaBH4 or Na2SO3, were [...] Read more.
Nickel-cobalt spinel catalyst (NCO) is a promising catalyst for air oxidation of humic acid, which is a typical natural refractory organic matter and a precursor of toxic disinfection by-products. In this study, reductive etchers, NaBH4 or Na2SO3, were used to adjust the NCO surface structure to increase the performance. The modified catalyst (NCO-R) was characterized, and the relationship between its intrinsic properties and catalytic paths was discovered. The results of O2-temperature programmed desorption, NH3-temperature programmed desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that reductant etching introduced oxygen vacancies to the surface of NCO and increased active surface oxygen species and surface acidity. In addition, the modification did not change the raw hollow sphere structure of NCO. The crystallinity and specific surface area of NCO-R increased, and average pore size of NCO-R decreased. XPS results showed that the ratio of Co3+/Co2+ in NCO-R decreased compared with NCO, while the ratio of Ni3+/Ni2+ increased. The results of H2-temperature programmed reduction showed that the H2 reduction ability of NCO-R was stronger. Due to these changes in chemical and physical properties, NCO-R exhibited much better catalytic performance than NCO. In the catalytic air oxidation of humic acid at 25 °C, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate increased significantly from 44.4% using NCO to 77.0% using NCO-R. TOC concentration of humic acid decreased by 90.0% after 12 h in the catalytic air oxidation using NCO-R at 90 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Treatment and Utilization of Organic Waste)
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