Research on Cancer Proteomics

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Biophysics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 7470

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Proteomics Center, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
Interests: cancerogenesis; cancer cells drug resistance; cell signaling in cancer and normal cells; protein kinases in cancerogenesis; proteomics; confocal microscopy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer remains one of the most deadly diseases. Understanding the hallmarks of cancer has already provided some clues for precision drug targeting. On the other hand, conventional cancer therapies that are designed nonspecifically suppress all proliferating cells, including cancerous ones. These therapies are widely applied and apparently will be used in clinics for the foreseen future. Unfortunately, both types of drugs lead to the development of cancer cell drug resistance.

Cell signaling, including receptor tyrosine kinases and protein kinase cascades and their aberrations, cause many pathologies such as cancer. However, its role in drug resistance continues to be underappreciated and understudied, especially in relation to high content information generation techniques such as proteomics.

Proteomics emerges as a powerful tool to study cancerogenesis mechanisms, to find protein markers for cancer detection and individualized treatment, as well as to study mechanisms of drug action. Specific areas of proteomics including interactomes, phosphoproteomes, kinomes, etc., contribute to the field of cancerogenesis and cancer treatment considerably and will continue to perform major roles in the future. However, proteomics’ role in researching drug resistance deserves more focus and efforts.

How can we treat cancer more effectively?  How will a fundamental understanding of normal vs cancerous cell signaling facilitate cancer therapy? What are cancerogenesis molecular mechanisms and how they might be targeted? These and similar questions will have to be addressed and answered to make sustainable breakthroughs in cancer treatment.  

In this Special Issue of Cells, we welcome researchers to submit their existing findings on cancerogenesis mechanisms, cell signaling, and proteomics related to cancer treatment and drug resistance.

We look forward for your contribution to this intensely developing area of research.

Dr. Mindaugas Valius
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Cancerogenesis
  • cancer therapy resistance
  • cell signaling
  • protein kinases
  • proteomics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 3979 KiB  
Article
Tissue-Based Proteomic Profiling in Patients with Hyperplasia and Endometrial Cancer
by Khalid Akkour, Ibrahim O. Alanazi, Assim A. Alfadda, Hani Alhalal, Afshan Masood, Mohthash Musambil, Anas M. Abdel Rahman, Moudi A. Alwehaibi, Maria Arafah, Ali Bassi and Hicham Benabdelkamel
Cells 2022, 11(13), 2119; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11132119 - 5 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2823
Abstract
Uterine cancers are among the most prevalent gynecological malignancies, and endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common in this group. This study used tissue-based proteomic profiling analysis in patients with endometrial cancer and hyperplasia, and control patients. Conventional 2D gel electrophoresis, followed by [...] Read more.
Uterine cancers are among the most prevalent gynecological malignancies, and endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common in this group. This study used tissue-based proteomic profiling analysis in patients with endometrial cancer and hyperplasia, and control patients. Conventional 2D gel electrophoresis, followed by a mass spectrometry approach with bioinformatics, including a network pathway analysis pipeline, was used to identify differentially expressed proteins and associated metabolic pathways between the study groups. Thirty-six patients (twelve with endometrial cancer, twelve with hyperplasia, and twelve controls) were enrolled in this study. The mean age of the participants was 46–75 years. Eighty-seven proteins were significantly differentially expressed between the study groups, of which fifty-three were significantly differentially regulated (twenty-eight upregulated and twenty-five downregulated) in the tissue samples of EC patients compared to the control (Ctrl). Furthermore, 26 proteins were significantly dysregulated (8 upregulated and 18 downregulated) in tissue samples of hyperplasia (HY) patients compared to Ctrl. Thirty-two proteins (nineteen upregulated and thirteen downregulated) including desmin, peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase A, and zinc finger protein 844 were downregulated in the EC group compared to the HY group. Additionally, fructose bisphosphate aldolase A, alpha enolase, and keratin type 1 cytoskeletal 10 were upregulated in the EC group compared to those in the HY group. The proteins identified in this study were known to regulate cellular processes (36%), followed by biological regulation (16%). Ingenuity pathway analysis found that proteins that are differentially expressed between EC and HY are linked to AKT, ACTA2, and other signaling pathways. The panels of protein markers identified in this study could be used as potential biomarkers for distinguishing between EC and HY and early diagnosis and progression of EC from hyperplasia and normal patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Cancer Proteomics)
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Review

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17 pages, 1050 KiB  
Review
Advances in High Throughput Proteomics Profiling in Establishing Potential Biomarkers for Gastrointestinal Cancer
by Md Zahirul Islam Khan, Shing Yau Tam and Helen Ka Wai Law
Cells 2022, 11(6), 973; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11060973 - 11 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3959
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) remain the most diagnosed cancers and accounted for the highest cancer-related death globally. The prognosis and treatment outcomes of many GICs are poor because most of the cases are diagnosed in advanced metastatic stages. This is primarily attributed to the [...] Read more.
Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) remain the most diagnosed cancers and accounted for the highest cancer-related death globally. The prognosis and treatment outcomes of many GICs are poor because most of the cases are diagnosed in advanced metastatic stages. This is primarily attributed to the deficiency of effective and reliable early diagnostic biomarkers. The existing biomarkers for GICs diagnosis exhibited inadequate specificity and sensitivity. To improve the early diagnosis of GICs, biomarkers with higher specificity and sensitivity are warranted. Proteomics study and its functional analysis focus on elucidating physiological and biological functions of unknown or annotated proteins and deciphering cellular mechanisms at molecular levels. In addition, quantitative analysis of translational proteomics is a promising approach in enhancing the early identification and proper management of GICs. In this review, we focus on the advances in mass spectrometry along with the quantitative and functional analysis of proteomics data that contributes to the establishment of biomarkers for GICs including, colorectal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic, and esophageal cancer. We also discuss the future challenges in the validation of proteomics-based biomarkers for their translation into clinics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Cancer Proteomics)
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