Cellular Signaling in Regeneration of Nervous System

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 1749

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biology, University of ‘Tor Vergata’ Rome, Viale Della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: oligodendroglia differentiation; remyelination; multiple sclerosis; neurodegeneration; intracellular traffic; yeast
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Guest Editor
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China
Interests: neurodegeneration; intracellular traffic

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To date, several therapeutic agents aiming to stimulate brain tissue regeneration have been identified, but their translation to humans has encountered more difficulty than originally thought (Allanach et al., 2021). 

These pharmacological approaches can reduce neurodegenerative processes or overcome disease disability in cells and animals, but we are still awaiting regenerative and neuroprotective strategies to be approved for human use for neurodegenerative pathologies such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson and Alzheimer disease. For the case of multiple sclerosis, opicinumab (anti-LINGO-1) and high-dose biotin (MD1003) initially showed promise for their regenerative activity, but they finally met pivotal clinical trial end points (Amin et al., 2022). Cumulating evidence suggests that the concept of “one-disease-one-target” can be challenged as neurodegeneration involves multiple cell types, and combinatorial approaches might be necessary (Cole et al., 2017, Silva et al., 2022).  Regeneration of the nervous system will be our next mission. Clearly, to reach this point, much has to be known about the signals leading to the regenerative process in neurons, astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocyte. Indeed, the drug selected for their regenerative activity in a large repurposing screen will be a valuable tool that can be used to elucidate as-yet-unknown pathways in disease models. Clearly, a further understanding of the fundamental principles regulating the renewal and regeneration of human brain tissues is fundamental for these drugs to further develop and receive clinical attention. This Special Issue calls for research and review articles on topics related to the study of regenerative processes in the central nervous system.

Dr. Antonella Ragnini-Wilson
Dr. Songlin Zhou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nerve regeneration
  • miRNA
  • epigenetics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 7276 KiB  
Article
N-Acetylaspartate Drives Oligodendroglial Differentiation via Histone Deacetylase Activation
by Alessandra Dominicis, Alice Del Giovane, Matteo Torreggiani, Antonella Damiana Recchia, Fabio Ciccarone, Maria Rosa Ciriolo and Antonella Ragnini-Wilson
Cells 2023, 12(14), 1861; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12141861 - 14 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1481
Abstract
An unmet clinical goal in demyelinating pathologies is to restore the myelin sheath prior to neural degeneration. N-acetylaspartate (NAA) is an acetylated derivative form of aspartate, abundant in the healthy brain but severely reduced during traumatic brain injury and in patients with neurodegenerative [...] Read more.
An unmet clinical goal in demyelinating pathologies is to restore the myelin sheath prior to neural degeneration. N-acetylaspartate (NAA) is an acetylated derivative form of aspartate, abundant in the healthy brain but severely reduced during traumatic brain injury and in patients with neurodegenerative pathologies. How extracellular NAA variations impact the remyelination process and, thereby, the ability of oligodendrocytes to remyelinate axons remains unexplored. Here, we evaluated the remyelination properties of the oligodendroglial (OL) mouse cell line Oli-neuM under different concentrations of NAA using a combination of biochemical, qPCR, immunofluorescence assays, and in vitro engagement tests, at NAA doses compatible with those observed in healthy brains and during brain injury. We observed that oligodendroglia cells respond to decreasing levels of NAA by stimulating differentiation and promoting gene expression of myelin proteins in a temporally regulated manner. Low doses of NAA potently stimulate Oli-neuM to engage with synthetic axons. Furthermore, we show a concentration-dependent expression of specific histone deacetylases essential for MBP gene expression under NAA or Clobetasol treatment. These data are consistent with the idea that oligodendrocytes respond to lowering the NAA concentration by activating the remyelination process via deacetylase activation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellular Signaling in Regeneration of Nervous System)
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