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Recent Advances in Thin Films Deposited by Vacuum Methods
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Recent Advances in Thin Films Deposited by Vacuum Methods

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Thin Films".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2024) | Viewed by 11936

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marek Szindler

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Scientific and Didactic Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Material Technologies, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: materials engineering; surface engineering; nanomaterials; thin films; solar cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Magdalena M. Szindler

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: materials engineering; nanomaterials; polymers; solar cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Techniques for depositing thin films make it possible to refine the surface layer of the element, ensuring the required functional properties, while possibly using cheap materials for its core. Among the many techniques increasing the functional properties of engineering materials surfaces, vacuum methods play an important role in industrial practice. The use of vacuum thin film deposition methods enables research and development work on modern material technologies, in which nanotechnology plays a key role. Research areas considered strategic and of higher priority, i.e. medicine and energy production from renewable sources, are of particular interest. This Special Issue will serve as a forum for papers covering the following concepts:

  • Theoretical and experimental research, knowledge and new ideas in vacuum thin film deposition methods;
  • Recent developments in multi-functional inorganic thin films;
  • Thin films produced by different processes, including chemical vapour deposition (CVD);
  • Physical vapour deposition (PVD) and atomic layer deposition method (ALD);
  • The use of thin films deposited by vacuum methods in the field of optics, electronics, photovoltaics and medicine.

Dr. Marek Szindler
Dr. Magdalena M. Szindler
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • surface engineering
  • thin films
  • nanomaterials
  • vacuum methods

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 6762 KiB  
Article
Surface Characteristics of Vacuum-Plasma-Sprayed Reinforced Stainless Steel Coatings with TiC Particles
by Iasmina-Mădălina Anghel (Petculescu), Diana Uțu, Ion Mitelea, Albert Titus Constantin and Ion-Dragoș Uțu
Coatings 2024, 14(3), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14030289 - 27 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1195
Abstract
Fe-based coatings reinforced with TiC particles exhibit outstanding properties and are widely recognized as highly promising coatings or components with superior performance. In the present study, composite materials using a powder mixture of AISI 316 stainless steel and TiC particles were deposited by [...] Read more.
Fe-based coatings reinforced with TiC particles exhibit outstanding properties and are widely recognized as highly promising coatings or components with superior performance. In the present study, composite materials using a powder mixture of AISI 316 stainless steel and TiC particles were deposited by vacuum plasma spraying onto a S235 low alloyed steel substrate. The coating and the base material were characterized in terms of microstructure and surface properties. The metallographic analysis of the deposited coating revealed the uniform distribution of the TiC into the stainless steel matrix. The results show that the presence of tungsten carbide particles improved the hardness and tribological properties of the composite coating compared with the S235 base material. The wear resistance of the coating was approximately seven times higher than that of the low alloyed steel substrate. The electrochemical corrosion resistance of the coating in chloride media was much higher than that of the base material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Thin Films Deposited by Vacuum Methods)
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17 pages, 34598 KiB  
Article
Surface and Electrical Characterization of Non-Stoichiometric Semiconducting Thin-Film Coatings Based on Ti-Co Mixed Oxides Obtained by Gas Impulse Magnetron Sputtering
by Patrycja Pokora, Damian Wojcieszak, Jarosław Domaradzki and Paulina Kapuścik
Coatings 2024, 14(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14010059 - 30 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1297
Abstract
This article presents a detailed investigation of non-stoichiometric (Ti,Co)Ox thin films prepared using the Gas Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (GIMS) technique. The films were prepared with various Co contents (3 at.%, 19 at.%, 44 at.%, and 60 at.%) and characterized for their material [...] Read more.
This article presents a detailed investigation of non-stoichiometric (Ti,Co)Ox thin films prepared using the Gas Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (GIMS) technique. The films were prepared with various Co contents (3 at.%, 19 at.%, 44 at.%, and 60 at.%) and characterized for their material composition, microstructure, and electrical properties. The films exhibited an ohmic behavior with linear current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, and their resistivity values ranged from approximately 10−3 to 104 Ω·cm. The highest resistivity was observed in the film with 3 at.% Co content. Thermoelectric measurements revealed that all of the prepared films displayed n-type semiconducting properties, with the Seebeck coefficient (S) tending close to zero. The resistivity of the films decreased as the temperature increased, affirming their semiconducting nature. The activation energy (Ea) values, determined using the Arrhenius formula, ranged from 0.0058 eV to 0.267 eV, with the highest Ea observed for films containing 3 at.% Co. Additionally, the films’ surface topography and microstructure were examined through Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and optical profiler techniques. The results showed that the films had smooth, crack-free surfaces with remarkable homogeneity. The surface diversification decreased with the increase in cobalt in the (Ti,Co)Ox films. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Thin Films Deposited by Vacuum Methods)
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11 pages, 2583 KiB  
Article
Flexural Strength and Vickers Microhardness of Graphene-Doped SnO2 Thin-Film-Coated Polymethylmethacrylate after Thermocycling
by Canan Akay, Gülce Çakmak, Mustafa Borga Donmez, Samir Abou-Ayash, Emre Mumcu, Suat Pat and Burak Yilmaz
Coatings 2023, 13(6), 1106; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061106 - 16 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1664
Abstract
Removable dental prostheses are commonly fabricated using polymethylmethacrylate, a material that does not have favorable mechanical properties and needs reinforcement with particles such as graphene. The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength (FS) and Vickers microhardness of a heat-polymerized [...] Read more.
Removable dental prostheses are commonly fabricated using polymethylmethacrylate, a material that does not have favorable mechanical properties and needs reinforcement with particles such as graphene. The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength (FS) and Vickers microhardness of a heat-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate coated with graphene-doped stannic oxide (SnO2) thin films using a thermionic vacuum arc method after thermocycling. Forty bar-shaped specimens (65 × 10 × 3 mm) were fabricated using a heat-polymerized denture base resin and divided into four groups according to the graphene-doped SnO2 thin film surface coating performed: No-coat (uncoated), Coat-15 s (coating duration of 15 s), Coat-20 s (coating duration of 20 s), and Coat-30 s (coating duration of 30 s) (n = 10). The thermionic vacuum arc method was used to coat both surfaces of the specimens of each test group with varying durations, and surface coating was verified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Specimens were subjected to 10,000 cycles of thermocycling. Atomic force microscopy was used to evaluate the surfaces of all specimens before and after thermocycling. Microhardness values were measured five times and averaged. Then, each specimen was subjected to a three-point bending test, and FS values were calculated. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05). Differences among test groups were nonsignificant when FS data were considered (p = 0.605). However, significant differences were observed among test groups when Vickers microhardness data were considered (p < 0.001). Coat-30 s had the highest hardness (p ≤ 0.003), while the difference among remaining groups were nonsignificant (p ≥ 0.166). Graphene-doped SnO2 thin film surface coatings did not significantly affect the FS of tested heat-polymerized denture base resin but increased the Vickers microhardness when the coating duration was 30 s. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Thin Films Deposited by Vacuum Methods)
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18 pages, 5535 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Different Complex Multilayer PACVD Coatings on Nanostructured WC-Co Cemented Carbide
by Danko Ćorić, Mateja Šnajdar Musa, Matija Sakoman and Željko Alar
Coatings 2021, 11(7), 823; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070823 - 8 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2683
Abstract
The development of cemented carbides nowadays is aimed at the application and sintering of ultrafine and nano-sized powders for the production of a variety of components where excellent mechanical properties and high wear resistance are required for use in high temperature and corrosive [...] Read more.
The development of cemented carbides nowadays is aimed at the application and sintering of ultrafine and nano-sized powders for the production of a variety of components where excellent mechanical properties and high wear resistance are required for use in high temperature and corrosive environment conditions. The most efficient way of increasing the tribological properties along with achieving high corrosion resistance is coating. Using surface processes (modification and/or coating), it is possible to form a surface layer/base material system with properties that can meet modern expectations with acceptable production costs. Three coating systems were developed on WC cemented carbides substrate with the addition of 10 wt.% Co using the plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) method: single-layer TiN coating, harder multilayer gradient TiCN coating composed of TiN and TiCN layers, and the hardest multilayer TiBN coating composed of TiN and TiB2. Physical and mechanical properties of coated and uncoated samples were investigated by means of quantitative depth profile (QDP) analysis, nanoindentation, surface layer characterization (XRD analysis), and coating adhesion evaluation using the scratch test. The results confirm the possibility of obtaining nanostructured cemented carbides of homogeneous structure without structural defects such as eta phase or unbound carbon providing increase in hardness and fracture toughness. The lowest adhesion was detected for the single-layer TiN coating, while coatings with a complex architecture (TiCN, TiBN) showed improved adhesion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Thin Films Deposited by Vacuum Methods)
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Review

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16 pages, 1747 KiB  
Review
Perspectives in Prevention of Biofilm for Medical Applications
by Julia Lisoń, Anna Taratuta, Zbigniew Paszenda, Magdalena Szindler and Marcin Basiaga
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 197; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020197 - 2 Feb 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3387
Abstract
The opportunity of decreasing the development of biofilm on the implant surface is one of the biggest research problems. It is connected with the existing prevention of microorganism hyperplasia. The application of numerous modifications is concerned with surface treatments leading to minimizing bacterial [...] Read more.
The opportunity of decreasing the development of biofilm on the implant surface is one of the biggest research problems. It is connected with the existing prevention of microorganism hyperplasia. The application of numerous modifications is concerned with surface treatments leading to minimizing bacterial colonization. In the case of non-use antibacterial therapy, this leads to tissue infection. It can lead to a decreased opportunity to fight infection using antibiotherapy. One way is to decrease the increasing biofilm application which requires a method of modification. These techniques ensure properties like homogeneity or repeatability. The structure and chemical composition are changed with methods like CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), sol–gel, or ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition). Antibacterial properties of metals are connected with their impact on proteins and the nuclear proliferation of fibroblasts, causing improvement in biocompatibility and also growth corrosion resistance, and the decline of biofilm adhesion. The prevention of biofilm with medicines and antibiotics is a crowded-out treatment. Traditional methods of preventing biofilm are based on compounds that kill or inhibit the growth of the microbes but at the same time lead to frequent development of resistance to antibiotics. This review summarizes the current knowledge of reducing and preventing the creation of biofilm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Thin Films Deposited by Vacuum Methods)
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