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Recent Trends in Coating of Biomaterials
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Recent Trends in Coating of Biomaterials

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactive Coatings and Biointerfaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 13479

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Cristiana Radulescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
Interests: material science; nanomaterials; spectrometry; spectroscopy; heterocyclic compounds with biological potential

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite you to submit your work to this Special Issue on “Recent Trends in Coating of Biomaterials”. Pure light metals (e.g., Mg, Al, Ti, Zr) or their alloys were particularly distinguished for medical and surgical usage (e.g., biomaterial stems for hard tissue replacements and for cardiovascular applications) due to their properties, such as compatibility with the biological environment, good mechanical behavior, and corrosion resistance. On the other hand, the porous oxide coating supports cell attachment and bone tissue formation, as well as mechanical engineering applications (e.g., plasma electrolytic oxidized titanium alloy being appropriate for biological and industrial environments). Among the various biomaterials, plasma spraying of hydroxyapatite has been intensively investigated and adopted by companies involved in the production of orthopedic implants. The addition of some other materials to hydroxyapatite, before deposition of the composite coating, is likely to improve its adhesion. A recent suitable approach to enhance the surface properties of pure light metal (i.e., Ti, Zr, Mg, Al, Co, Cr, Mo) or its alloyed form is through plasma electrolytic oxidation. This technique improves corrosion- and wear-resistance, as well as high-hardness for ceramic coatings. A nano-antimicrobial class, which has been widely utilized for biomaterial coating applications, is coating using AgNPs and CuNPs. A recent suitable approach is the deposition of copper thin films over acrylonitrile butadiene styrene substrates by plasma jets at atmospheric pressure; the copper-coated surfaces have demonstrated a noteworthy antibacterial activity and reduction by 93% of S. aureus growth. These are some of the concerns related to the medical field, but what is next? Three fascinating technologies suggest future directions for biomaterials: immunomodulation, injectable biomaterials, and supramolecular biomaterials. Researchers will continue to explore the development of new biomaterials that can be turned on or off in response to the physiological environment or which mimic natural biological signals. This is the reason researchers’ interest in the improvement of biomaterials composition continues to grow, and this Special issue shall provide a better understanding of the trends and opportunities in this field. 

In particular, the topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Microstructural and compositional characterization of substrate and coating layers applied on different biomaterials;
  • Nondestructive methods for coatings characterization;
  • Development of phosphorus-incorporated oxide layers on alloys for biomedical applications;
  • Thin-films, membranes, coatings, nanostructures of functional materials;
  • Advances in coatings and surface characterization;
  • Biocoating and biomaterial surfaces.

Prof. Cristiana Radulescu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microstructure
  • nondestructive technique
  • biomaterial
  • biocoating

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2717 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Evaluation of the Shading Effect of Various Zirconia Surface Stains on Porcelain Crowns
by Shih-Chieh Lin, Wei-Chun Lin, Yu-Ling Lin, Min Yan and Cheng-Ming Tang
Coatings 2022, 12(6), 734; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060734 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2639
Abstract
Human teeth display various colors under natural light. Dental restorations, such as zirconia crowns, are generally used to rehabilitate the oral function of patients with tooth loss due to trauma or natural tooth falls. However, significant improvements in the color and translucency of [...] Read more.
Human teeth display various colors under natural light. Dental restorations, such as zirconia crowns, are generally used to rehabilitate the oral function of patients with tooth loss due to trauma or natural tooth falls. However, significant improvements in the color and translucency of zirconia are required to meet the clinical needs for dental restoration. In the past, a large amount of ceramic powder has been used to improve the appearance of zirconia. However, the interface between the ceramic powder and zirconia makes them prone to falling off. Therefore, the aesthetics of zirconia crowns remains a major challenge. Recently, substantial advances have been made in the field of dental materials, as special staining agents for zirconia have been introduced as alternatives to ceramic powders. Therefore, this study tested zirconia-specific staining agents that were used to produce zirconia samples with A1 and A3 colors. A dental colorimetric plate was used as the control group to assess the staining effects of the different brands of staining agents. Meanwhile, two hypotheses were proposed: that the staining effects of these special staining agents for zirconia met the criteria for clinical application and that there was no significant difference between the different staining agents for zirconia. The results showed that the coatings of different brands of staining agents were ultrathin, with a thickness of approximately 27–78 µm. In addition, the coloring effects of the zirconia staining agents were not significantly different from those of the colorimetric plates. After staining, the zirconia samples had decreased surface roughness and contact angle values, which improved surface smoothness and cleanliness. In summary, the results support the hypothesis of this study that zirconia stains can be used as an alternative to the current fabrication methods for clinical dental restorations. We sought to identify the clinical techniques that are easier to perform and to overcome the current problem of dental technicians requiring considerable dentin space for staining. It is expected that the results of this study will be useful in clinical dental restorations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Coating of Biomaterials)
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18 pages, 51705 KiB  
Article
Ternary Holey Carbon Nanohorns/TiO2/PVP Nanohybrids as Sensing Films for Resistive Humidity Sensors
by Bogdan-Catalin Serban, Octavian Buiu, Marius Bumbac, Niculae Dumbravescu, Viorel Avramescu, Mihai Brezeanu, Cristiana Radulescu, Gabriel Craciun, Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu, Cosmin Romanitan and Florin Comanescu
Coatings 2021, 11(9), 1065; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091065 - 3 Sep 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1889
Abstract
In this paper, we present the relative humidity (RH) sensing response of a chemiresistive sensor, employing sensing layers based on a ternary nanohybrids comprised of holey carbon nanohorns (CNHox), titanium (IV) oxide, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at 1/1/1/(T1), 2/1/1/(T2), and with 3/1/1 (T3) mass [...] Read more.
In this paper, we present the relative humidity (RH) sensing response of a chemiresistive sensor, employing sensing layers based on a ternary nanohybrids comprised of holey carbon nanohorns (CNHox), titanium (IV) oxide, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) at 1/1/1/(T1), 2/1/1/(T2), and with 3/1/1 (T3) mass ratios. The sensing device is comprised of a silicon-based substrate, a SiO2 layer, and interdigitated transducer (IDT) electrodes. The sensitive layer was deposited via the drop-casting method on the sensing structure, followed by a two-step annealing process. The structure and composition of the sensing films were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The resistance of the ternary nanohybrid-based sensing layer increases when H increases between 0% and 80%. A different behavior of the sensitive layers is registered when the humidity increases from 80% to 100%. Thus, the resistance of the T1 sensor slightly decreases with increasing humidity, while the resistance of sensors T2 and T3 register an increase in resistance with increasing humidity. The T2 and T3 sensors demonstrate a good linearity for the entire (0–100%) RH range, while for T1, the linear behavior is limited to the 0–80% range. Their overall room temperature response is comparable to a commercial humidity sensor, characterized by a good sensitivity, a rapid response, and fast recovery times. The functional role for each of the components of the ternary CNHox/TiO2/PVP nanohybrid is explained by considering issues such as their electronic properties, affinity for water molecules, and internal pore accessibility. The decreasing number of holes in the carbonaceous component at the interaction with water molecules, with the protonic conduction (Grotthus mechanism), and with swelling were analyzed to evaluate the sensing mechanism. The hard–soft acid-base (HSAB) theory also has proven to be a valuable tool for understanding the complex interaction of the ternary nanohybrid with moisture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Coating of Biomaterials)
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16 pages, 4633 KiB  
Article
Effects of PEG-Coated Silver and Gold Nanoparticles on Spirulina platensis Biomass during Its Growth in a Closed System
by Liliana Cepoi, Inga Zinicovscaia, Ludmila Rudi, Tatiana Chiriac, Ion Rotari, Vitalii Turchenko and Svetlana Djur
Coatings 2020, 10(8), 717; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10080717 - 23 Jul 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 2979
Abstract
Silver and gold nanoparticles are promising tools for medical and industrial applications; therefore, their ecotoxicity should be carefully examined. There are many publications that discuss their effects at high concentrations on various organisms, while the effects of low doses have not been sufficiently [...] Read more.
Silver and gold nanoparticles are promising tools for medical and industrial applications; therefore, their ecotoxicity should be carefully examined. There are many publications that discuss their effects at high concentrations on various organisms, while the effects of low doses have not been sufficiently investigated. In this paper, the effects of low concentrations of silver (12 nm) and gold (4.7 nm) nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol on Spirulina platensis biomass growth, biochemical composition, and antioxidant activity were investigated. The spirulina cultivation medium was supplemented with nanoparticles in the concentration range of 0.025–0.5 µM. The given concentrations stimulated spirulina biomass, but the content of proteins, carbohydrates, and auxiliary pigments was insignificantly affected by the presence of nanoparticles in the cultivation medium. Gold nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.5 µM produced a pronounced effect on the lipid content. Transmission electron microscope images demonstrated that the nanoparticles penetrate inside the cells and cause ultrastructural changes. The nanoparticles were characterized using several well-known techniques. The results confirmed a negative effect of low concentrations of metal nanoparticles on spirulina. This effect could be indiscernible when studying the biomass viability, but determination of the ultrastructure of the cell and the biochemical composition of the biomass could reveal it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Coating of Biomaterials)
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16 pages, 2496 KiB  
Article
Aluminum Oxide Ceramic Coatings on 316l Austenitic Steel Obtained by Plasma Electrolysis Oxidation Using a Pulsed Unipolar Power Supply
by Victor Aurel Andrei, Cristiana Radulescu, Viorel Malinovschi, Alexandru Marin, Elisabeta Coaca, Maria Mihalache, Cristian Nicolae Mihailescu, Ioana Daniela Dulama, Sofia Teodorescu and Ioan Alin Bucurica
Coatings 2020, 10(4), 318; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10040318 - 27 Mar 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4803
Abstract
AISI 316 steel has good corrosion behavior and high-temperature stability, but often prolonged exposure to temperatures close to 700 °C in aggressive environments (e.g., in boilers and furnaces, in nuclear installations) can cause problems that lead to accelerated corrosion degradation of steel components. [...] Read more.
AISI 316 steel has good corrosion behavior and high-temperature stability, but often prolonged exposure to temperatures close to 700 °C in aggressive environments (e.g., in boilers and furnaces, in nuclear installations) can cause problems that lead to accelerated corrosion degradation of steel components. A known solution is to prepare alumina ceramic coatings on the surface of stainless steel. The aim of this study is to obtain aluminum oxide ceramic coatings on 316L austenitic steel, by Plasma Electrolysis Oxidation (PEO), using a pulsed unipolar power supply. The structures obtained by PEO under various experimental conditions were characterized by XPS, SEM, XRD, and EDS analyses. The feasibility was proved of employing PEO in NaAlO2 aqueous solution using a pulsed unipolar power supply for ceramic–like aluminum oxide films preparation, with thicknesses in the range of 20–50 μm, and a high content of Al2O3 on the surface of austenitic stainless steels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Coating of Biomaterials)
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