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COVID-19 in Nephrology
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COVID-19 in Nephrology

A special issue of COVID (ISSN 2673-8112).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 5961

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Daniela Ponce

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Botucatu School of Medicine (FMB), Clinical Medicine Department, University of São Paulo State—UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
Interests: acute kidney injury; renal replacement therapy; COVID-19
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nephrologists face new and important challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the kidney is not the primary target of SARS-CoV-2, the virus has a severe impact on patients with kidney diseases, who may be more vulnerable and susceptible to severe infection. In addition, kidney transplant patients face a higher risk of complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection, and many studies show that COVID-19 can induce kidney damage through direct or indirect mechanisms. This Special Issue will focus on all aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of nephrology, including management and appropriate therapy, epidemiology and clinical outcomes.

Dr. Daniela Ponce
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. COVID is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • nephrology
  • kidney diseases
  • acute kidney injury
  • renal replacement therapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 307 KiB  
Article
Kidney and Liver Predictors of Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19 Infection
by Mariana Boulos, Moeen Sbeit, Maamoun Basheer, Guy Ben Arie, Yuval Mirkin and Nimer Assy
COVID 2024, 4(4), 452-465; https://doi.org/10.3390/covid4040030 - 7 Apr 2024
Viewed by 612
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 damages not only the lungs, but also the liver and kidney. Most critically ill COVID-19 patients have liver and kidney dysfunctions. The early identification of patients with COVID-19 who will develop severe or critical disease symptoms is important for delivering proper and [...] Read more.
SARS-CoV-2 damages not only the lungs, but also the liver and kidney. Most critically ill COVID-19 patients have liver and kidney dysfunctions. The early identification of patients with COVID-19 who will develop severe or critical disease symptoms is important for delivering proper and early treatment. This research studies the correlation of liver and kidney function indexes and COVID-19 outcomes. Electronic medical record data from 391 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in the COVID-19 Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel were collected. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and imaging variables were analyzed. The liver and kidney enzyme indexes were measured upon admission and discharge. A correlation between laboratory levels and severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients was undertaken. This study included 391 COVID-19 patients, 258 mild patients and 133 severe patients. Multivariate stepwise regression analyses and discriminant analyses were used to identify and validate powerful predictors. The main outcome was death or invasive ventilation. Three factors, namely higher urea nitrogen (BUN) and IL-6, and lower albumin levels, were the most powerful predictors of mortality, and classified the results (survival vs. death) correctly in 85% of cases (diagnostic accuracy) with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity 55%. Compared with mild patients, severe patients had lower albumin (ALB), higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and BUN (all p < 0.001). COVID-19 patients, especially severe patients, have damage to liver and kidney function. BUN, IL-6 and albumin are factors predicting mortality while fibrinogen and AST could be independent factors for predicting the severity of COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 in Nephrology)
11 pages, 286 KiB  
Article
The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study
by Paul Kim, Vidhya Nadarajan, Maham Ahmed, Katerina Furman, Zoya Gurm, Priyanka Kale, Zaina Khoury, Sara Koussa, Dana LaBuda, Margo Mekjian, Pooja Polamarasetti, Leticia Simo, Charlotte Thill, Sophie Wittenberg, Sorabh Dhar and Dragana Komnenov
COVID 2023, 3(5), 682-692; https://doi.org/10.3390/covid3050050 - 25 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1510
Abstract
(1) Background: Data on COVID-19 outcomes and disease course as a function of different medications used to treat cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the presence of different comorbidities in primarily Black cohorts, are lacking. (2) Methods: We conducted [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Data on COVID-19 outcomes and disease course as a function of different medications used to treat cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the presence of different comorbidities in primarily Black cohorts, are lacking. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical chart review on 327 patients (62.6% Black race) who were admitted to the Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI. Group differences (CKD vs. non-CKD) were compared using the Pearson χ2 test. We conducted univariate and multivariate regression analyses for factors contributing to death during hospitalization due to COVID-19 (primary outcome) and ICU admission (secondary outcome), adjusting for age, sex, different medications, and comorbidities. A sub-analysis was also completed for CKD patients. (3) Results: In the fully adjusted model, a protective effect of ACEi alone, but not in combination with ARB or CCB, for ICU admission was found (OR = 0.400, 95% CI [0.183–0.874]). Heart failure was significantly associated with the primary outcome (OR = 4.088, 95% CI [1.1661–14.387]), as was COPD (OR = 3.747, 95% CI [1.591–8.828]). (4) Conclusions: Therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease and CKD in the milieu of different comorbidities may need to be tailored more prudently for individuals with COVID-19, especially Black individuals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 in Nephrology)

Review

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14 pages, 960 KiB  
Review
A COVID-19 Overview from the Perspective of the Brazilian Kidney Transplantation Program
by Lúcio Requião-Moura, Renato Demarchi Foresto, Tainá Veras de Sandes-Freitas and José Medina-Pestana
COVID 2023, 3(8), 1173-1186; https://doi.org/10.3390/covid3080083 - 16 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1009
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly affected kidney transplantation activities around the world, thus resulting in a substantial decrease in both deceased and living transplants. This study presents a COVID-19 overview from the perspective of the Brazilian kidney transplant program by comparing [...] Read more.
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly affected kidney transplantation activities around the world, thus resulting in a substantial decrease in both deceased and living transplants. This study presents a COVID-19 overview from the perspective of the Brazilian kidney transplant program by comparing its differences or similarities with the situations observed in other countries. During the first year of the pandemic, there was a 40% reduction in the number of kidney transplants worldwide. A similar scenario was observed in Brazil, which has the world’s largest public transplantation program. Beyond its effect on transplant activity, COVID-19 has influenced the outcomes of prevalent kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) because the prolonged use of immunosuppressive drugs and comorbidities increase the susceptibility of such patients to severe disease and death. In the pre-vaccination era, almost two-thirds of KTRs required hospitalization, more than 20% required dialysis, and one-third was admitted to the intensive care unit. In the pre-vaccination period in Brazil, 15% and 21% of KTRs died within 28 and 90 days of COVID-19 diagnosis, respectively. Although high vaccination coverage rates have altered the COVID-19 landscape in many populations, persistently low immunogenicity rates following sequential vaccination shots and the absence of targeted treatments for severe cases continue to classify KTRs as highly vulnerable, thus warranting significant concern. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 in Nephrology)
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14 pages, 876 KiB  
Review
COVID-19 and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review
by Marília Paiva Martins and Rodrigo Bueno de Oliveira
COVID 2023, 3(8), 1092-1105; https://doi.org/10.3390/covid3080080 - 31 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2173
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on the world, causing loss of life, economic damage, and social disruption. Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to complications and increased mortality related to COVID-19. Efforts have been made to [...] Read more.
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on the world, causing loss of life, economic damage, and social disruption. Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to complications and increased mortality related to COVID-19. Efforts have been made to increase understanding of the effects of COVID-19 in individuals with CKD. This paper aims to gather and discuss the state-of-the-art in the COVID-19 and CKD literature, involving the early history of COVID-19, the immunological aspects of CKD (such as abnormalities in neutrophilicand dendritic cells functions), the mechanisms of kidney injury by SARS-CoV-2 (for example, viral tropism to kidney tissue and direct cytotoxicity), the clinical course of the disease and consequences for CKD individuals (including kidney transplant recipients), and the emerging treatments (such as the use of Remdesivir, nirmatrelvir, and monoclonal neutralizing antibodies) and immunization for the CKD population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue COVID-19 in Nephrology)
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