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Crystals
Special Issues
Superconductors and Magnetic Materials
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Superconductors and Magnetic Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 3235

Special Issue Editors

Dr. António José Arsénio Costa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratório Associado de Energia Transportes e Aeronáutica (LAETA), Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica (IDMEC), Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: magnetization of superconductor bulks; superconducting magnets; superconducting magnetic energy storage; passive and active maglev bearings; electromagnetic actuators; coupled electromagnetic–thermal finite element analysis
Prof. Dr. Elkin Ferney Rodriguez Velandia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica (DEE/Poli), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Interests: superconducting MagLev applications; implementation of high-flux-density permanent magnet arrangements; static and dynamic magnetic field measurement; conception and design of cryostats; electromagnetic compensation systems
Dr. João Filipe Pereira Fernandes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica (IDMEC), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade Lisboa (UL), Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: electrical machines design and optimization; core and coreless superconducting machines; alternative for rare-earth electrical machines; special materials to reduce saturation in the magnetic circuit core; electrical machines for aircraft and automotive applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The expanding interest in decreasing the size and weight of electromagnetic devices and machinery implies the development of high-electromagnetic-power-density materials. This Special Issue focuses on the development and application of improved superconductor compounds, permanent magnets, and high-magnetic-permeability materials for power applications.

Superconductors are typically utilized as bulks and wires or tapes. Superconductor bulks are typically employed due to their ability to store or shield high magnetic field values. Superconductor wires or tapes are used to generate high magnetic fields due to their high current loading capabilities. Therefore, superconductors have been utilized in many applications, such as electrical machines and transformers, magnetic levitation or propulsion, magnetic shielding, electromagnets, superconducting magnetic energy storage and in strong magnets used in magnetic resonance, particle acceleration or collision, and confinement fusion.

Permanent magnets are employed in electrical machines, and magnetic levitation or propulsion. High-magnetic-permeability materials enable the magnetic flux density in electrical machines, transformers, and electromagnets to be enhanced.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of studies on the development of material crystals consisting of novel and doped compounds for superconductor bulks, wires and tapes, permanent magnets and high-magnetic-permeability materials. These include superconducting compounds that reach superconductivity states at atmospheric pressure, such as niobium–tin and niobium–titanium, magnesium diboride, cuprates, nickelates, carbon and iron alloys. High-magnetic-permeability materials include soft and hard ferrites, silicon–iron and cobalt–iron alloys. Permanent magnets include alnico, neodymium–iron–boron and samarium–cobalt alloys.

This Special Issue welcomes the contribution of original research papers that address the latest findings in the development and application of superconducting materials and advanced magnetic materials. In addition, we welcome the submission of studies on the variation in the electromagnetic characteristics of new and existing superconducting and magnetic materials in different pressure and temperature operating conditions, the identification of innovative and improved power applications using existing or novel materials of these types, and the assessment of the utilization of rare-earth-free magnetic materials in power applications.

Dr. António José Arsénio Costa
Prof. Dr. Elkin Ferney Rodriguez Velandia
Dr. João Filipe Pereira Fernandes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high-electromagnetic-power density materials
  • superconductor compounds 
  • permanent magnets
  • high magnetic permeability materials
  • strong magnets
  • magnetic levitation or propulsion
  • magnetic shielding 
  • magnetic resonance
  • magnetic particle acceleration or collision
  • magnetic confinement fusion
  • superconducting magnetic energy storage
  • rare-earth free magnetic materials

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 17665 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Predictive Modeling of n-Value Surfaces in Various High Temperature Superconducting Materials Using a Feed-Forward Deep Neural Network Technique
by Shahin Alipour Bonab, Wenjuan Song and Mohammad Yazdani-Asrami
Crystals 2024, 14(7), 619; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14070619 - 5 Jul 2024
Viewed by 441
Abstract
In this study, the prediction of n-value (index-value) surfaces—a key indicator of the field and temperature dependence of critical current density in superconductors—across various high-temperature superconducting materials is addressed using a deep learning modeling approach. As superconductors play a crucial role in [...] Read more.
In this study, the prediction of n-value (index-value) surfaces—a key indicator of the field and temperature dependence of critical current density in superconductors—across various high-temperature superconducting materials is addressed using a deep learning modeling approach. As superconductors play a crucial role in advanced technological applications in aerospace and fusion energy sectors, improving their performance model is essential for both practical and academic research purposes. The feed-forward deep learning network technique is employed for the predictive modeling of n-value surfaces, utilizing a comprehensive dataset that includes experimental data on material properties and operational conditions affecting superconductors’ behavior. The model demonstrates enhanced accuracy in predicting n-value surfaces when compared to traditional regression methods by a 99.62% goodness of fit to the experimental data for unseen data points. In this paper, we have demonstrated both the interpolation and extrapolation capabilities of our proposed DFFNN technique. This research advances intelligent modeling in the field of superconductivity and provides a foundation for further exploration into deep learning predictive models for different superconducting devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superconductors and Magnetic Materials)
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9 pages, 326 KiB  
Communication
Numerical Study on Monopole Production and Deconfinement Transition in Two-Condensate Charged Systems
by Kai Kang, Jie Li, Guo Wang, Jiangning Zhang, Jiantao Che, Tianyi Han and Hai Huang
Crystals 2024, 14(5), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14050397 - 25 Apr 2024
Viewed by 707
Abstract
The condensed matter Bose system may contain effective monopole quasiparticles in its excitation spectrum. In this paper, we first accomplish the mapping of the two-band Ginzburg–Landau theory to the extended CP1 model, and then perform the Monte Carlo simulations on the [...] Read more.
The condensed matter Bose system may contain effective monopole quasiparticles in its excitation spectrum. In this paper, we first accomplish the mapping of the two-band Ginzburg–Landau theory to the extended CP1 model, and then perform the Monte Carlo simulations on the 50×50×50 cubic lattice with periodic boundary conditions. With the numerical data of monopole density and magnetic susceptibility, we indicate that there exists a monopole–antimonopole deconfinement transition for the two-band superconducting system with the critical temperature above 70 K. We also suggest the possible detection of this new monopole plasma phase in high-Tc iron-based superconductors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superconductors and Magnetic Materials)
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15 pages, 2052 KiB  
Article
The Study on the Critical Temperature and Gap-to-Tc Ratio of Yttrium Hydride Superconductors
by Pongkan Tongkhonburi, Pongkaew Udomsamuthirun, Arpapong Changjan, Suppanyou Meakniti and Thitipong Kruaehong
Crystals 2024, 14(2), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14020158 - 1 Feb 2024
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Abstract
This study investigates the gap-to-Tc ratio (R) of yttrium hydride superconductors within the weak coupling limit. We derived an analytical formula for the gap-to-Tc ratio. The ratio of the gap-to-Tc is dependent on the pressure [...] Read more.
This study investigates the gap-to-Tc ratio (R) of yttrium hydride superconductors within the weak coupling limit. We derived an analytical formula for the gap-to-Tc ratio. The ratio of the gap-to-Tc is dependent on the pressure applied to each superconductor. The maximum ratio, approximately 3.85, is observed in one superconductor, while the lowest ratio, roughly 3.21, is found in another superconductor. Based on the findings of our study, it can be deduced that yttrium hydride superconductors exhibit attributes commonly associated with weak-coupling superconductors. The influence of the Coulomb potential is more pronounced at a critical temperature compared to the ratio of the gap to the critical temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Superconductors and Magnetic Materials)
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