Recent Advances in Musculoskeletal Imaging

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 4723

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
Interests: MRI; MSK imaging; neuroimaging; UTE imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders such as fractures, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, or ligament tears afflict the majority of the population in their lifetime, consecutively decreasing quality of life and causing tremendous healthcare costs all over the world. While traditional radiography and computed tomography (CT) are mainly used to diagnose diseases and changes in the bones such as fractures, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have been widely used to assess soft tissue changes such as the degeneration of tendons, ligaments, menisci, and cartilage. More advanced, novel quantitative MRI techniques have also been investigated, providing information about the biochemical composition of different tissues as well as tissue connectivity. These novel MRI techniques include single- or multi-component relaxometry, magnetization transfer (MT), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), for example. Other novel and innovative imaging modalities such as PET/MR, spectral CT (SDCT) or photon-counting CT (PCCT) have surfaced as promising imaging techniques in MSK, visualizing molecular processes in more detail. In this Special Issue, novel imaging techniques in the broad field of MSK imaging and their clinical application are introduced.

Dr. Hyungseok Jang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • musculoskeletal imaging
  • joint
  • biomarker
  • osteoarthritis
  • osteoporosis
  • tumor
  • fracture
  • imaging technique

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3237 KiB  
Article
Ultrahigh-Resolution Photon-Counting CT in Cadaveric Fracture Models: Spatial Frequency Is Not Everything
by Theresa Sophie Patzer, Andreas Steven Kunz, Henner Huflage, Nora Conrads, Karsten Sebastian Luetkens, Pauline Pannenbecker, Mila Marie Paul, Süleyman Ergün, Thorsten Alexander Bley and Jan-Peter Grunz
Diagnostics 2023, 13(10), 1677; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101677 - 9 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1393
Abstract
In this study, the impact of reconstruction sharpness on the visualization of the appendicular skeleton in ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector (PCD) CT was investigated. Sixteen cadaveric extremities (eight fractured) were examined with a standardized 120 kVp scan protocol (CTDIvol 10 mGy). Images [...] Read more.
In this study, the impact of reconstruction sharpness on the visualization of the appendicular skeleton in ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector (PCD) CT was investigated. Sixteen cadaveric extremities (eight fractured) were examined with a standardized 120 kVp scan protocol (CTDIvol 10 mGy). Images were reconstructed with the sharpest non-UHR kernel (Br76) and all available UHR kernels (Br80 to Br96). Seven radiologists evaluated image quality and fracture assessability. Interrater agreement was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient. For quantitative comparisons, signal-to-noise-ratios (SNRs) were calculated. Subjective image quality was best for Br84 (median 1, interquartile range 1–3; p ≤ 0.003). Regarding fracture assessability, no significant difference was ascertained between Br76, Br80 and Br84 (p > 0.999), with inferior ratings for all sharper kernels (p < 0.001). Interrater agreement for image quality (0.795, 0.732–0.848; p < 0.001) and fracture assessability (0.880; 0.842–0.911; p < 0.001) was good. SNR was highest for Br76 (3.4, 3.0–3.9) with no significant difference to Br80 and Br84 (p > 0.999). Br76 and Br80 produced higher SNRs than all kernels sharper than Br84 (p ≤ 0.026). In conclusion, PCD-CT reconstructions with a moderate UHR kernel offer superior image quality for visualizing the appendicular skeleton. Fracture assessability benefits from sharp non-UHR and moderate UHR kernels, while ultra-sharp reconstructions incur augmented image noise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Musculoskeletal Imaging)
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Review

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13 pages, 967 KiB  
Review
Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (R.E.M.S.): New Frontiers for Ultrasound Use in the Assessment of Bone Status—A Current Picture
by Antonella Al Refaie, Leonardo Baldassini, Caterina Mondillo, Elisa Giglio, Michela De Vita, Maria Dea Tomai Pitinca, Stefano Gonnelli and Carla Caffarelli
Diagnostics 2023, 13(10), 1666; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101666 - 9 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2857
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a frequently occurring skeletal disease, and osteoporosis-related fractures represent a significant burden for healthcare systems. Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is the most commonly used method for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Today, particular attention is being directed towards new technologies, especially [...] Read more.
Osteoporosis is a frequently occurring skeletal disease, and osteoporosis-related fractures represent a significant burden for healthcare systems. Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is the most commonly used method for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Today, particular attention is being directed towards new technologies, especially those that do not use radiation, for the early diagnosis of altered bone status. Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is a non-ionizing technology that evaluates the bone status at axial skeletal sites by analyzing raw ultrasound signals. In this review, we evaluated the data on the REMS technique present in the literature. The literature data confirmed diagnostic concordance between BMD values obtained using DXA and REMS. Furthermore, REMS has adequate precision and repeatability characteristics, is able to predict the risk of fragility fractures, and may be able to overcome some of the limitations of DXA. In conclusion, REMS could become the method of choice for the assessment of bone status in children, in women of childbearing age or who are pregnant, and in several secondary osteoporosis conditions due to its good precision and replicability, its transportability, and the absence of ionizing radiation. Finally, REMS may allow qualitative and not just quantitative assessments of bone status. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Musculoskeletal Imaging)
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