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Diagnostics
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Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology
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Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 August 2023) | Viewed by 6897

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mihai-Teodor Georgescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Oncology, Faculty of General Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: external beam radiotherapy; brachytherapy; radiobiology; radiophysics; image-guided radiotherapy; stereotactic radiotherapy; radiosurgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Mainly used as a local or locoregional treatment, radiotherapy is one of the main three pillars of cancer treatment, alongside surgery and systemic therapies. Thus, according to the current literature data, more than 50% of patients diagnosed with cancer will require radiotherapy treatments at least once at some stage of the evolution of the disease. Alone or in combination with other oncological therapies, radiotherapy accounts for 40% of cured cancer patients. The main objective guiding radiotherapy developments is still the delivery of a curative radiation dose to the target volume while minimizing the dose received by healthy tissues and organs. Throughout the last decade, radiotherapy technologies have been constantly and substantially improved by the addition of precision and accuracy in treatment delivery and quality assurance. Moreover, the use of protons and the increased interest in the potential use of other ions with the aim of reducing radiation toxicity are becoming more widespread. Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy is currently gaining a wider prescription field over surgery in the oligometastatic cancer phase. All these improvements in precision and tolerance broadened the radiotherapy prescription field also for non-malignant diseases. Authors are encouraged to upload their original manuscripts dealing with experiences and research in the radiation oncology field for this Diagnostics Special Issue until 23 December 2022.

Dr. Mihai-Teodor Georgescu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • external beam radiotherapy
  • brachytherapy
  • chemoradiotherapy
  • radiophysics
  • radiobiology

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 208 KiB  
Editorial
Radiotherapy to the Primary Tumor: The First Step of a Tailored Therapy in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
by Matteo Ferro, Felice Crocetto, Giuseppe Lucarelli, Elena Lievore and Biagio Barone
Diagnostics 2022, 12(8), 1981; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081981 - 16 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1224
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the first most frequent cancer in men worldwide, with over 250,000 estimated new cases diagnosed in 2021 [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology)

Research

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10 pages, 512 KiB  
Article
Variability of Sentinel Lymph Node Location in Patients with Trunk Melanoma
by Florin Bobirca, Mihaela Leventer, Dragos Eugen Georgescu, Dan Andrei Dumitrescu, Cristina Alexandru, Dragos Serban, Liana Valeanu, Traian Pătrașcu and Anca Bobircă
Diagnostics 2023, 13(17), 2790; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13172790 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 920
Abstract
(1) Background: Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of neoplasia, and the management of this pathology requires a correct staging, as well as a personalized modern oncological treatment. The main objective of the study is to determine the variability of the [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Melanoma is one of the most aggressive types of neoplasia, and the management of this pathology requires a correct staging, as well as a personalized modern oncological treatment. The main objective of the study is to determine the variability of the lymphatic drainage for patients with melanomas located on the trunk and, secondarily, to determine the features of individuals who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) depending on the exact location on the trunk. (2) Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-center study included 62 cases of trunk melanoma operated between July 2019 and March 2023, in which SLNB was performed and a total of 84 lymph nodes were excised. (3) Results: Patients had a median age of 54.5 (33–78) years, with 58.1% being male; the melanomas had a median Breslow index of 2.3 (0.5–12.5) mm. Approximately 64.3% of the cohort had melanoma on the upper part of the trunk (54 cases) and 35.7% had it on the lower part (30 cases). The type of anesthesia chosen was general anesthesia in 53 cases and spinal anesthesia in 9 cases (85.5% vs. 14.5%, p < 0.001). The number of sentinel lymph nodes excised was 54 for melanomas located on the upper part of the trunk (8 cervical and 46 axillary) and 30 sentinel lymph nodes for melanomas of the lower part of the trunk (16 at the axillary level and 14 at the inguinal level). Out of the 54 LNs identified in patients with melanoma on the upper part of the trunk, 13 were positive, with a total of 12 positive lymph nodes (LNs) from the axillar basin, and only one from the cervical region. Additionally, the incidence of patients with a minimum of two identified sentinel lymph nodes was 32.2%, with a total of seven having LN involvement in two basins, and only one of these cases showed positivity for malignancy. (4) Conclusions: SLNBs were more frequent in the axillary region overall, and had more positive SLNs. Moreover, melanoma on the upper part of the trunk had a higher rate of positive SLNs compared to the lower part. Tumors located on the lower part of the truck had more positive SLNs in the axillary region than in the inguinal one. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology)
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13 pages, 810 KiB  
Article
The Characteristics of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Cutaneous Melanoma and the Particularities for Elderly Patients—Experience of a Single Clinic
by Florin Bobircă, Tiberiu Tebeică, Adela Pumnea, Dan Dumitrescu, Cristina Alexandru, Laura Banciu, Ionela Loredana Popa, Anca Bobircă, Mihaela Leventer and Traian Pătrașcu
Diagnostics 2023, 13(5), 926; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050926 - 1 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1443
Abstract
Background: Melanoma is a malignant tumor that determines approximately 80% of deaths as skin cancer-related. The sentinel lymph node (SLN) represents the first filter of tumor cells toward systemic dissemination. The primary objective was to outline the surgical specifics of the sentinel lymph [...] Read more.
Background: Melanoma is a malignant tumor that determines approximately 80% of deaths as skin cancer-related. The sentinel lymph node (SLN) represents the first filter of tumor cells toward systemic dissemination. The primary objective was to outline the surgical specifics of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) technique, correlate the location of the lymph node with the radiotracer load, and identify the characteristics of older patients. Methods: In this prospective study, 122 cases of malignant melanoma needing SLNB technique were included, between June 2019 and November 2022, resulting in 162 lymph nodes removed. Results: Patients’ mean age was 54.3 ± 14.4 years old, the prevalence of 70 years and older being 20.5%. The rate of positive SLN was 24.6%, with a single drainage in 68.9% of cases. The frequency of seroma was 14.8%, while reintervention 1.6%. The inguinal nodes had the highest preoperative radiotracer load (p = 0.015). Patients 70 years old or older had significantly more advanced-stage melanoma (68.0% vs. 45.4%, p = 0.044, OR = 2.56) and a higher rate of positive SLN (40.0% vs. 20.6%, p = 0.045,OR = 2.57). Melanoma of the head and neck was more common among older individuals (32.0% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.007,OR = 4.60). Conclusions: The SLNB has a low rate of surgical complications and the positivity of SLN is not related to radiotracer load. Elderly patients are at risk for head and neck melanoma, have more advanced stages, a higher SLN positivity, and a greater rate of surgical complications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology)
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13 pages, 805 KiB  
Article
Real-World Patterns and Decision Drivers of Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer Patients in Romania: RADIO-NET Study Results
by Mihai-Teodor Georgescu, Renata Zahu, Petronela Rusu, Gabriela Teodorescu and Gabriel Kacso
Diagnostics 2022, 12(12), 3089; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123089 - 8 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1132
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) plays a crucial role in all stages of lung cancer. Data on recent real-world RT patterns and main drivers of RT decisions in lung cancer in Romania is scarce; we aimed to address these knowledge gaps through this physician-led medical chart [...] Read more.
Radiotherapy (RT) plays a crucial role in all stages of lung cancer. Data on recent real-world RT patterns and main drivers of RT decisions in lung cancer in Romania is scarce; we aimed to address these knowledge gaps through this physician-led medical chart review in 16 RT centers across the country. Consecutive patients with lung cancer receiving RT as part of their disease management between May–October 2019 (pre-COVID-19 pandemic) were included. Descriptive statistics were generated for all variables. This cohort included 422 patients: median age 63 years, males 76%, stages I–II 6%, III 43%, IV 50%, mostly adeno- and squamous cell carcinoma (76%), ECOG 0-1 50% at the time of RT. Curative intent RT was used in 36% of cases, palliative RT in 64%. Delays were reported in 13% of patients, mostly due to machine breakdown (67%). Most acute reported RT toxicity was esophagitis (19%). Multiple disease-, patient-, physician- and context-related drivers counted in the decision-making process. This is the first detailed analysis of RT use in lung cancer in Romania. Palliative RT still dominates the landscape. Earlier diagnosis, coordinated multidisciplinary strategies, and the true impact of the multimodal treatments on survival are strongly needed to improve lung cancer outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology)
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Review

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14 pages, 1385 KiB  
Review
Erdheim–Chester Disease of the Breast: First Review and First Case of Isolated Severe Gynecomastia
by Francesco Ruben Giardino, Roberto Cuomo, Mirco Pozzi, Gianluca Marcaccini, Stefano Bacchini, Mohamed Marzouk El Araby, Luca Grimaldi and Giuseppe Nisi
Diagnostics 2023, 13(7), 1239; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071239 - 25 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1299
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a life-threatening condition and often a diagnostic challenge. It has recently been classified as a hematopoietic tumour, and the cases of ECD reported in the literature has dramatically increased during the last 15 years. (2) Methods: We [...] Read more.
(1) Introduction: Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a life-threatening condition and often a diagnostic challenge. It has recently been classified as a hematopoietic tumour, and the cases of ECD reported in the literature has dramatically increased during the last 15 years. (2) Methods: We describe the case of a 57-year-old male patient with severe gynecomastia, with a detailed description of his diagnostic iter and consequent surgical operation. We provide the first systematic review of the literature of breast involvement in ECD, following PRISMA guidelines, including 13 studies and 16 patients. (3) Results: Our report resulted to be the first case of gynecomastia as a single clinical and imaging feature of ECD described in English literature. A total of 81.3% of patients included were female. Among them, 76.9% had unilateral and nodular presentation, while male patients presented bilateral heterogeneous breast enlargement. Globally, 87.5% expressed breast alterations as their first manifestations of ECD. Only 50% presented skeletal involvement. (4) Conclusion: The reported case represents a unique addition to the literature. We found two different patterns in ECD-related breast involvement between male and female patients, an unusual M/F ratio, and a lower rate of bone involvement. Breast involvement is frequently the first clinical feature; therefore, breast caregivers should be aware of this dangerous and most likely underestimated condition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Radiotherapy in Oncology)
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