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Diagnostics
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Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sports Injuries
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Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sports Injuries

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 3959

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Umile Giuseppe Longo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: sports traumatology; arthroscopic surgery of shoulder, knee, and ankle; replacement surgery of shoulder, knee, and hip
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am delighted to present a new Special Issue titled "Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sports Injuries". This compendium serves as a platform for disseminating cutting-edge research at the intersection of sports medicine and diagnostic innovation. Addressing the pressing need for enhanced accuracy in injury assessment, this collection showcases pioneering methodologies, technologies, and research findings that illuminate novel pathways for diagnosing and prognosticating sports-related injuries. By converging insights from diverse disciplines, this Special Issue contributes to the refinement of clinical practices, fosters the development of novel diagnostic tools, and provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in sports injury management. We invite scholars, practitioners, and scientists to engage with this compendium and explore the forefront of advancements that stand to enhance the knowledge in the field of sports injury diagnostics and prognostication.

Prof. Dr. Umile Giuseppe Longo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • prognosis
  • sports injuries

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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9 pages, 436 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Based on Gait Analysis
by Dmitry Skvortsov, Alyona Altukhova, Sergey Kaurkin and Alexander Akhpashev
Diagnostics 2024, 14(17), 1977; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14171977 - 6 Sep 2024
Viewed by 732
Abstract
Background: Currently available studies on the long-term functional outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have yielded conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of walking in the long term after ACL reconstruction. Methods: The study included [...] Read more.
Background: Currently available studies on the long-term functional outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have yielded conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of walking in the long term after ACL reconstruction. Methods: The study included a test group of 18 patients (3.4 years from the date of ACL reconstruction on average) and a control group of 20 healthy subjects. Their gaits were assessed using functional tests at voluntary walking and fast-walking speeds. The biomechanical assessments utilized included spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters of walking, as well as surface electromyography (EMG) amplitudes of the main flexor-extensor muscles of the lower extremities. Results: Fast-walking speeds and the clearances of the operated-upon limbs in the patient group exceeded those in the control group. The gait cycle in the patient group was significantly longer when walking at a voluntary speed compared to the control group. In the patient group, most of the movements were symmetrical at both speeds, and the parameters did not differ from the control group. The only exception was the hip joint amplitude and the main amplitude of the knee joint flexion, which significantly and simultaneously increased when walking at a fast speed. Conclusions: In the postoperative period, at voluntary speeds, the patient group was characterized by increased amplitudes in the hip and knee joints and higher EMG amplitudes, which almost disappeared at higher speeds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sports Injuries)
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13 pages, 6272 KiB  
Article
Six-Degree-of-Freedom Freehand 3D Ultrasound: A Low-Cost Computer Vision-Based Approach for Orthopedic Applications
by Lorenzo De Sanctis, Arianna Carnevale, Carla Antonacci, Eliodoro Faiella, Emiliano Schena and Umile Giuseppe Longo
Diagnostics 2024, 14(14), 1501; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14141501 - 12 Jul 2024
Viewed by 623
Abstract
In orthopedics, X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans play pivotal roles in diagnosing and treating bone pathologies. Machine bulkiness and the emission of ionizing radiation remain the main problems associated with these techniques. The accessibility and low risks related to ultrasound handling make [...] Read more.
In orthopedics, X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans play pivotal roles in diagnosing and treating bone pathologies. Machine bulkiness and the emission of ionizing radiation remain the main problems associated with these techniques. The accessibility and low risks related to ultrasound handling make it a popular 2D imaging method. Indeed, 3D ultrasound assembles 2D slices into a 3D volume. This study aimed to implement a probe-tracking method for 6 DoF 3D ultrasound. The proposed method involves a dodecahedron with ArUco markers attached, enabling computer vision tracking of the ultrasound probe’s position and orientation. The algorithm focuses on the data acquisition phase but covers the basic reconstruction required for data generation and analysis. In the best case, the analysis revealed an average error norm of 2.858 mm with a standard deviation norm of 5.534 mm compared to an infrared optical tracking system used as a reference. This study demonstrates the feasibility of performing volumetric imaging without ionizing radiation or bulky systems. This marker-based approach shows promise for enhancing orthopedic imaging, providing a more accessible imaging modality for helping clinicians to diagnose pathologies regarding complex joints, such as the shoulder, replacing standard infrared tracking systems known to suffer from marker occlusion problems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sports Injuries)
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9 pages, 696 KiB  
Article
Rotator Cuff Muscle Imbalance in Patients with Chronic Anterior Shoulder Instability
by Du-Han Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim and Chul-Hyun Cho
Diagnostics 2024, 14(6), 648; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14060648 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1320
Abstract
(1) Background: Both intra-articular pathologies and muscle imbalance can be a cause of shoulder instability. The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-sectional areas of the rotator cuff muscle in patients with acute and chronic anterior shoulder instability and to determine [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Both intra-articular pathologies and muscle imbalance can be a cause of shoulder instability. The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-sectional areas of the rotator cuff muscle in patients with acute and chronic anterior shoulder instability and to determine the associations between imbalance and chronicity of the rotator cuff. (2) Methods: Patients with confirmed dislocation of the anterior shoulder were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to the time between the initial dislocation event and when MRI imaging was performed Measurements of the rotator cuff muscle areas were performed in the scapular Y view and glenoid face view using MRI. (3) Results: A total of 56 patients were enrolled. In the Y view, a larger area of supraspinatus muscle was observed in the chronic group compared with the acute group (17.2 ± 2.3% vs. 15.6 ± 2.2%, p = 0.006). However, a smaller area of subscapularis muscle was observed in the chronic group (47.1 ± 3.5% vs. 49.6 ± 5.3%, p = 0.044). Using the glenoid face view, a larger area of supraspinatus muscle was observed in the chronic group than in the acute group (18.5 ± 2.5% vs. 15.8 ± 2.2%, p < 0.001). However, a smaller area of subscapularis muscle was observed in the chronic group (41.6 ± 3.2% vs. 45.6 ± 4.4%, p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: Larger areas of supraspinatus muscle compared with acute instability were observed in patients with chronic anterior shoulder instability. In contrast, a smaller area of subscapularis muscle was observed in the chronic group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sports Injuries)
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12 pages, 1579 KiB  
Case Report
Concurrent Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome and Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome
by Tiffany R. Bellomo, Connie Hsu, Pavan Bolla, Abhisekh Mohapatra and Dana Helice Kotler
Diagnostics 2024, 14(16), 1825; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161825 - 21 Aug 2024
Viewed by 551
Abstract
Exertional leg pain occurs with notable frequency among athletes and poses diagnostic challenges to clinicians due to overlapping symptomatology. In this case report, we delineate the clinical presentation of a young collegiate soccer player who endured two years of progressive bilateral exertional calf [...] Read more.
Exertional leg pain occurs with notable frequency among athletes and poses diagnostic challenges to clinicians due to overlapping symptomatology. In this case report, we delineate the clinical presentation of a young collegiate soccer player who endured two years of progressive bilateral exertional calf pain and ankle weakness during athletic activity. The initial assessment yielded a diagnosis of chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS), predicated on the results of compartment testing. However, her clinical presentation was suspicious for concurrent type VI popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES), prompting further radiographic testing of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). MRA revealed severe arterial spasm with plantarflexion bilaterally, corroborating the additional diagnosis of PEAS. Given the worsening symptoms, the patient underwent open popliteal entrapment release of the right leg. Although CECS and PAES are both known phenomena that are observed in collegiate athletes, their co-occurrence is uncommon owing to their different pathophysiological underpinnings. This case underscores the importance for clinicians to be aware that the successful diagnosis of one condition does not exclude the possibility of a secondary, unrelated pathology. This case also highlights the importance of dynamic imaging modalities, including point-of-care ultrasound, dynamic MRA, and dynamic angiogram. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sports Injuries)
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