Advances in the Diagnosis and Management of Lower Genital Tract Diseases

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 2816

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Preventive Gynecology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
Interests: gynecologic oncology; lower genital tract disease; HPV; colposcopy; vulvoscopy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Preventive Gynecology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
Interests: gynecologic oncology; lower genital tract disease; HPV; colposcopy; ultrasound
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E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
UCO Gynecological and Obstetric, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS 'Burlo Garofolo', University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Interests: genital infections; microbiome; probiotics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lower genital tract diseases represent the most frequent pathologies in the gynecological field and range from infections to benign and neoplastic lesions. The last few years have seen a growing interest in vulvovaginal diseases (recurrent infections, vulvodynia, genitourinary syndrome, lichen sclerosus, etc.) and their impact on quality of life. However, the diagnosis and treatment of several lower genital tract diseases remain a challenge. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are used, although they are not completely effective.

In the current Special Issue, we focus on new studies in the field of the diagnosis and management of vulvovaginal diseases and other rare conditions. These may include genetic and molecular biomarkers, tools for the implementation of differential diagnosis, and new strategies for the treatment of lower genital tract diseases.

Dr. Eleonora Preti
Dr. Anna Daniela Iacobone
Prof. Dr. Francesco De Seta
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vulvovaginal disease
  • vulvoscopy
  • HPV
  • quality of life
  • recurrent infections
  • diagnosis

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 764 KiB  
Article
Real Implication of Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Ovarian Cancer: Reproductive Outcomes
by Marta Heras, Maria Alonso-Espias, Octavio Arencibia, Lucas Minig, Lola Marti, Maria Dolores Diestro, Juan Cespedes, Isabel Niguez, Blanca Gil-Ibañez, Berta Diaz-Feijoo, Antoni Llueca, Claudia Rosado, Sara Iacoponi, Carlos Lopez de la Manzanara, Sara Morales, Maria Jose Fernandez-Galguera, Ana Cano, Mikel Gorostidi and Ignacio Zapardiel
Diagnostics 2024, 14(13), 1424; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14131424 - 3 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Background: to prove the effectivity of fertility-sparing procedures in early-stage ovarian cancer by assessing pregnancy rates and obstetrical outcomes. Methods: we performed a retrospective multicenter study among 55 Spanish hospitals, collecting patients from 18 to 40 years old with diagnosis of early-stage ovarian [...] Read more.
Background: to prove the effectivity of fertility-sparing procedures in early-stage ovarian cancer by assessing pregnancy rates and obstetrical outcomes. Methods: we performed a retrospective multicenter study among 55 Spanish hospitals, collecting patients from 18 to 40 years old with diagnosis of early-stage ovarian cancer, epithelial (EOC) or non-epithelial (non-EOC), from January 2010 to December 2019. Data on the use of assisted reproductive techniques, pregnancy attempts and obstetrical outcomes were collected. Results: a total of 150 patients met inclusion criteria, 70 (46.6%) EOC and 80 (53.4%) non-EOC. Pregnancy attempts were reported in 51 (34%) patients, with 42 (28%) patients carrying the pregnancy to term. Among them, 30 (71.4%) underwent surgery alone and 12 (28.6%) had additional postoperative chemotherapy. A total of 32 (76.1% patients) had spontaneous pregnancies and 10 (23.9%) required in vitro fertilization. There was only one (2.4%) complication reported. Vaginal delivery was reported in twenty-nine (69%) patients and cesarean section in five (11.9%) patients. Conclusions: fertility-sparing management for ovarian cancer seems to be an option with proven good pregnancy rates and low complications. The selection of patients must consider strict criteria in order to maintain a good prognosis. Full article
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12 pages, 3344 KiB  
Article
Expression of Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma, a Cancer/Testis Antigen, in Carcinoma In Situ of the Urinary Tract
by Shota Fujii, Mitsuaki Ishida, Kazumasa Komura, Kazuki Nishimura, Takuya Tsujino, Tomohito Saito, Yohei Taniguchi, Tomohiro Murakawa, Haruhito Azuma and Yoshinobu Hirose
Diagnostics 2023, 13(24), 3636; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13243636 - 10 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the urinary tract comprises 1–3% of all urothelial malignancies and is often a precursor to muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC). This study aimed to examine the expression profiles of preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer/testis antigen, and [...] Read more.
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the urinary tract comprises 1–3% of all urothelial malignancies and is often a precursor to muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC). This study aimed to examine the expression profiles of preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer/testis antigen, and assess its diagnostic and therapeutic applications in CIS, given that its expression in UC has been minimally studied and has not yet been analyzed in CIS. We selected consecutive patients with CIS who underwent biopsy and/or transurethral tumor resection at the Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital. Immunohistochemical staining for PRAME and p53 was performed. Overall, 53 patients with CIS (6 females and 47 males) were included. Notably, PRAME expression was observed in 23 of the 53 patients (43.4%), whereas it was absent in the non-neoplastic urothelial epithelium. Furthermore, no correlation was found between PRAME expression and aberrant p53 expression. Therefore, PRAME expression may serve as a useful marker for CIS of the urinary tract. Furthermore, PRAME may be a candidate for the novel therapeutic target for standard treatment-refractory CIS patients. Full article
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