Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Emergencies—2nd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2024) | Viewed by 1979

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
Interests: pediatric surgery; pediatric urology; emergency medicine; trauma
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The first edition of this Special Issue summarized current knowledge regarding the "Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Emergencies". Many interesting studies have provided new and fundamental insights into pediatric emergencies. Further studies on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric emergencies are required, leading to our decision to open submissions for the 2nd edition of this Special Issue.

Pediatric patients present to the emergency department with various pathologies. Children of all ages differ from adult patients due to their anatomy, physiology, development, and emotional needs. Reduced familiarity with pediatric emergencies, their diagnosis, and their management can lead to unnecessary work in the emergency department. Also, advances in the treatment of these emergencies could limit hospital stays or readmission and, of course, children’s mortality.

The aim of this Special Issue, entitled “Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Emergencies,” is to provide information about the diagnosis or advances in the management of various pediatric emergency cases in order to help pediatricians, pediatric surgeons, general practitioners, and emergency physicians to improve their knowledge and successfully these particular pathologies.

We invite researchers and authors to submit original research or review articles on this topic aimed at improving pediatric emergency care.

Dr. Katerina Kambouri
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pediatric emergency
  • diagnosis
  • pathology
  • management

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3597 KiB  
Article
The Importance of the Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and the Platelet–Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) as Biomarkers for Differentiating Complicated and Uncomplicated Appendicitis
by Michail Anastasakis, Ioannis Trevlias, Konstantinos Farmakis and Ioannis Valioulis
Diagnostics 2024, 14(24), 2777; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14242777 - 11 Dec 2024
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Abstract
Background: This specific study evaluates the accuracy of two ratios, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte (N/L) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte (P/L), as inflammatory markers on differentiating simple and complicated appendicitis preoperatively. Methods: The medical records of 341 children, up to 16 years old, with suspected acute appendicitis (AA) who [...] Read more.
Background: This specific study evaluates the accuracy of two ratios, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte (N/L) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte (P/L), as inflammatory markers on differentiating simple and complicated appendicitis preoperatively. Methods: The medical records of 341 children, up to 16 years old, with suspected acute appendicitis (AA) who underwent appendectomy, laparoscopic or open, between January 2020 and December 2022, in our department, were retrospectively reviewed. Routine blood exams and the demographic details were obtained. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of the above-mentioned markers regarding the differentiation of simple and complicated appendicitis, based on the statistical program SPSS, were calculated. Results: From the total of 341 patients, a percentage of 27.5% were related to perforated appendicitis, such as necrosis or the rupture of the appendiceal wall. A significant association was observed between perforated appendicitis and NLR values > 7.92, with concomitant sensitivity 62.5% and specificity 74.2%. Retrospectively, for PLR values > 180.57, the sensitivity was 61.1% and specificity 68.9%. For these models, the areas under the curve were 0.736 and 0.696. Conclusions: Our study revealed a significant association of N/L and P/L ratios with acute perforated appendicitis. Future studies should validate the use of these markers on this disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Emergencies—2nd Edition)
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Review

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22 pages, 2342 KiB  
Review
The Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Blunt Abdominal Trauma—A Comprehensive Review
by Marko Bašković, Dorotea Keretić, Matej Lacković, Marta Borić Krakar and Zenon Pogorelić
Diagnostics 2024, 14(20), 2257; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14202257 - 10 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Blunt abdominal trauma in childhood has always been full of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that have tested the clinical and radiological skills of pediatric surgeons and radiologists. Despite the guidelines and the studies carried out so far, to this day, there is no [...] Read more.
Blunt abdominal trauma in childhood has always been full of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges that have tested the clinical and radiological skills of pediatric surgeons and radiologists. Despite the guidelines and the studies carried out so far, to this day, there is no absolute consensus on certain points of view. Around the world, a paradigm shift towards non-operative treatment of hemodynamically stable children, with low complication rates, is noticeable. Children with blunt abdominal trauma require a standardized methodology to provide the best possible care with the best possible outcomes. This comprehensive review systematizes knowledge about all aspects of caring for children with blunt abdominal trauma, from pre-hospital to post-hospital care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Emergencies—2nd Edition)
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