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Diagnostics
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Advances in Cardiovascular CT Imaging
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Advances in Cardiovascular CT Imaging

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 5846

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Gudrun Feuchtner

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Radiology, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Interests: coronary CTA; coronary artery disease; computed tomography angiography
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this special issue is to collect articles in the field of cardiovascular CT imaging, with a focus on:

  • novel applications /technology (Photon-Counting, quantitative imaging, multienergy spectal imaging, AI, machine learning)
  • advances in diagnosis / novel diseases
  • cardiovascular prevention and risk stratification
  • cardiovascular inflammation/infection 
  • congenital and structural heart disease, minimal invasive intervention planning

The following types of articles will be considered: 

  • original research articles 
  • reviews of current hot-topics in cardiac CT
  • technical reports (of novel technology or imaging techniques) as short communication 
  • case reports and case series 

Prof. Dr. Gudrun Feuchtner 
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 6653 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Pulmonary Vein Anatomy on P-Wave Appearance during Sinus Rhythm: Cardiac Computed Tomography Study
by Viktorija Verhovceva, Ligita Zvaigzne, Romans Lācis and Oskars Kalējs
Diagnostics 2023, 13(18), 2911; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13182911 - 11 Sep 2023
Viewed by 739
Abstract
Electrocardigraphy remains a first-line evaluation method for cardiac electrical activity, recorded from the body surface. Since atrial activation is seen on the ECG as a P-wave, several factors are known to impact the appearance of the P-wave, such as the direction of electric [...] Read more.
Electrocardigraphy remains a first-line evaluation method for cardiac electrical activity, recorded from the body surface. Since atrial activation is seen on the ECG as a P-wave, several factors are known to impact the appearance of the P-wave, such as the direction of electric impulse, conduction abnormalities, and anatomical characteristics of the atria. This retrospective study aimed to find statistically significant associations between the anatomy of pulmonary veins (PVs) observed in cardiac computed tomography (CT) and P-wave appearance during sinus rhythm on resting ECG. For each patient, a resting 12-lead ECG was recorded, and the field of analysis was P-wave—its duration, morphology, and axis. The evaluation of the CT scan recordings was performed by creating 3D models of the left atrium and analyzing the anatomy of the PVs and left atrial appendages (LAA). Noteworthy correlations were found: anatomy of the left PVs showed an association with LAA volume, LAA morphology, and P-wave notching in lead II. The right PVs demonstrated a relation with the P-wave axis and amplitude. Although these correlations cannot be classified as strong, the results not only expand understanding about discussed variables but also suggest the presence of a subtle and complex relationship, that warrants further exploration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiovascular CT Imaging)
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11 pages, 6039 KiB  
Article
Can Low-Iodine, Low-Radiation-Dose CT Aortogram Reliably Detect Endoleak after Endovascular Aneurysm Repair of the Aorta?
by Po-An Chen, Eric P. Huang, Yi-Chun Chen, Chiung-Chen Chuo, Shu-Tin Huang and Ming-Ting Wu
Diagnostics 2023, 13(13), 2228; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13132228 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1037
Abstract
Objective: Double-low CT aortography (DLCTA) is increasingly used in follow-up studies of aortic aneurysm after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). However, whether DLCTA can reliably detect the presence of endoleak is not clear. Methods: From February 2014 to October 2019, patients who received EVAR, [...] Read more.
Objective: Double-low CT aortography (DLCTA) is increasingly used in follow-up studies of aortic aneurysm after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). However, whether DLCTA can reliably detect the presence of endoleak is not clear. Methods: From February 2014 to October 2019, patients who received EVAR, underwent CT surveillance, and had at least one standard CTA protocol (120 kVp, 400 mg I/kg) and one DLCTA (70–80 kVp, 200 mg I/kg) were included. The integrated findings of the standard CTA and sequential change were considered as the reference standard for the presence of endoleak. Results: In all, 36 patients received TEVAR and 24 patients received EVAR; 62 standard CTA and 167 DLCTA results were analyzed. There were 2 type I (3.3%) and 12 type II (20.0%) endoleaks in 14 patients (23.3%). The performance of DLCTA in the diagnosis of endoleak reached 100% accuracy compared to that of standard CTA in case of the correction of CT findings by an expert second reading. Compared to the standard CTA, DLCTA scan reduced the radiation dose by 71% and the iodine dose by 50%. Conclusions: DLCTA with 70–80 kVp and 200 mg I/kg can reliably detect the presence of endoleak after TEVAR/EVAR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiovascular CT Imaging)
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12 pages, 2445 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Image Quality of Coronary CT Angiography Using Deep Learning-Based CT Reconstruction: Phantom and Patient Studies
by Pil-Hyun Jeon, Sang-Hyun Jeon, Donghee Ko, Giyong An, Hackjoon Shim, Chuluunbaatar Otgonbaatar, Kihong Son, Daehong Kim, Sung Min Ko and Myung-Ae Chung
Diagnostics 2023, 13(11), 1862; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111862 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2069
Abstract
Background: In coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), the main issue of image quality is noise in obese patients, blooming artifacts due to calcium and stents, high-risk coronary plaques, and radiation exposure to patients. Objective: To compare the CCTA image quality of deep learning-based [...] Read more.
Background: In coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), the main issue of image quality is noise in obese patients, blooming artifacts due to calcium and stents, high-risk coronary plaques, and radiation exposure to patients. Objective: To compare the CCTA image quality of deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) with that of filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction (IR). Methods: This was a phantom study of 90 patients who underwent CCTA. CCTA images were acquired using FBP, IR, and DLR. In the phantom study, the aortic root and the left main coronary artery in the chest phantom were simulated using a needleless syringe. The patients were classified into three groups according to their body mass index. Noise, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured for image quantification. A subjective analysis was also performed for FBP, IR, and DLR. Results: According to the phantom study, DLR reduced noise by 59.8% compared to FBP and increased SNR and CNR by 121.4% and 123.6%, respectively. In a patient study, DLR reduced noise compared to FBP and IR. Furthermore, DLR increased the SNR and CNR more than FBP and IR. In terms of subjective scores, DLR was higher than FBP and IR. Conclusion: In both phantom and patient studies, DLR effectively reduced image noise and improved SNR and CNR. Therefore, the DLR may be useful for CCTA examinations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiovascular CT Imaging)
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8 pages, 923 KiB  
Article
The Atherosclerosis Profile by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) in Symptomatic Patients with Coronary Artery Calcium Score Zero
by Gudrun Feuchtner, Christoph Beyer, Fabian Barbieri, Philipp Spitaler, Wolfgang Dichtl, Guy Friedrich, Gerlig Widmann and Fabian Plank
Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2042; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092042 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1542
Abstract
(1) Background: Whether it is safe to exclude coronary artery disease (CAD) in symptomatic patients with coronary artery calcium score (CACS 0), is an open debate. To compare coronary CTA including high-risk plaque (HRP) features in symptomatic patients with CACS 0 (2) Methods: [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Whether it is safe to exclude coronary artery disease (CAD) in symptomatic patients with coronary artery calcium score (CACS 0), is an open debate. To compare coronary CTA including high-risk plaque (HRP) features in symptomatic patients with CACS 0 (2) Methods: 1709 symptomatic patients (age, mean 57.5 ± 16 years, 39.6% females) referred to coronary CTA for clinical indications were included. CACS, coronary stenosis (CADRADS) severity and HRP features (low-attenuation-plaque, spotty calcification, positive remodeling, NRS) were recorded. (3) Results: Of 1709 patients, 665 with CACS 0 were finally included. 562 (84.5%) had no CAD by CTA while 103 of 665 (15.4%) had CAD. Stenosis was minimal <25% in 79, mild <50% in 20, moderate in 1 and severe >70% in 3 patients. The rate of obstructive CAD was low with 4/665 (0.61%). The majority of patients had non-obstructive CAD (<50% stenosis) (99/103; 96.1%). A high proportion of patients with non-obstructive CAD had at least one HRP (52/103; 50.4%) per patient. (4) Conclusions: The rate of obstructive CAD is very low in symptomatic patients with CACS 0, and non-obstructive CAD domineering. CACS 0 does not rule out non-obstructive CAD and misses patients in which primary preventive measures are indicated. More than half of patients with non-obstructive CAD had high-risk plaque, highlighting the importance of quantitative plaque analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cardiovascular CT Imaging)
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