Blood Biomarkers for Brain Disorders

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (23 December 2022) | Viewed by 2756

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
Interests: blood biomarkers; brain disorder

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Brain disorders are primarily diagnosed based on the clinical presentation of a broad variety of symptoms. However, the high level of comorbidity and heterogeneity of clinical manifestations in mental disorders reduces the accuracy of the diagnosis, with the consequent compromised efficacy of pharmacological treatments.

The identification of biomarkers of brain dysfunctions is essential to aid diagnosis, predict clinical outcomes, facilitate patient stratification, and approach diseases with more tailored intervention.

To overcome the limited accessibility of the brain compartment, in recent years, great effort has been made to identify measurable biological alterations in the blood that can specifically be associated to brain disturbances. The search for blood biomarkers in brain disorders focused initially on candidate body/mind interfacing biological systems such as the immune system or the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Recently, unbiased research approaches through omic technologies and artificial intelligence have offered unprecedented opportunities in this field. This Special Issue on “Blood Biomarkers of Brain Disease” will include original research articles and state-of-the-art reviews focusing on the discovery of molecular markers in the blood, based on proteins, metabolites, transcripts, and epigenetic modifications, that can represent valuable tools for improving the diagnosis, prevention, and prognosis of brain disorders as well as individuals’ responses to therapies.

Dr. Luisa Lo Iacono
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • blood biomarkers
  • serum
  • plasma
  • lymphocyte
  • omic technologies
  • brain disorder
  • patient stratification
  • personalized medicine

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 603 KiB  
Review
Blood Biomarkers in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Review in Context of Anesthetic Care
by Jin Joo, Jongmin Jeong and Hue Jung Park
Diagnostics 2023, 13(4), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13040693 - 12 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2353
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder after dementia. Preclinical and epidemiological data strongly suggest that chronic neuroinflammation slowly induces neuronal dysfunction. Activated microglia secrete several neurotoxic substances, such as chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines, which may promote blood–brain barrier [...] Read more.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common inflammatory neurodegenerative disorder after dementia. Preclinical and epidemiological data strongly suggest that chronic neuroinflammation slowly induces neuronal dysfunction. Activated microglia secrete several neurotoxic substances, such as chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines, which may promote blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeabilization. CD4+ T cells comprise proinflammatory cells such as T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells, as well as anti-inflammatory cells such as Th2 and T regulatory cells (Tregs). Th1 and Th17 cells can be detrimental to dopamine neurons, whereas Th2 and Tregs are neuroprotective. The results of studies on the serum levels of cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α secreted by Th1 T cells, IL-8 and IL-10 secreted by Th2 T cells, and IL-17 secreted by Th17 cells in PD patients are not uniform. In addition, the relationships between serum cytokine levels and motor and non-motor symptoms of PD are controversial. Surgical stress and anesthesia induce inflammatory responses by disturbing the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which may exacerbate the neuroinflammatory response in PD patients. Here we review studies on blood inflammatory biomarkers in PD patients and discuss the roles of surgery and anesthesia in PD progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blood Biomarkers for Brain Disorders)
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