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Electronics
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Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power...
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Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Industrial Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 28479

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jichao Hong

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: advanced energy storage systems; big data mining and analysis; power system integration and intelligent control technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Wei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Metallurgy and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: new energy materials and devices; metallurgical electrochemistry
Dr. Xinxi Zeng

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: metamaterials; shape-controlled 3D/4D printing; information functional materials and devices; robotics and intelligent structures
Prof. Dr. Xiaoming Xu

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: design and safety technology research of power battery system/fuel cell system of new energy vehicles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB) is one of the "211 Project", "985 Project Advantageous Discipline Innovation Platform", and "Double First Class" construction universities in China. With the motto of “Seeking Truth and Promoting Innovation”, the USTB is committed to providing quality education and real-world opportunities to future generations of scholars and industry innovators. The USTB has been established for seventy years, has trained more than 260,000 talents for society, and is known as the "cradle of steel". In the process of development, it has actively responded to national major strategies, such as "Made in China 2025", and undertaken many national projects, such as the National Science and Technology Major Project, the National Key Research and Development Program, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the International Cooperation Key Project. The research involves traditional fields, such as metallurgical production technology and equipment, as well as engineering vehicles, and many other emerging fields, such as key electrochemical materials, intelligent manufacturing, robotics, aerospace equipment, new energy vehicles, etc., and has produced many talents and fruitful results.

In celebration of the 70th anniversary of the USTB, this Special Issue is dedicated to the electrical and mechanical engineering research of the USTB, aiming to provide timely solutions to emerging scientific and technical challenges in key power electronics and mechanical engineering at the frontier of modern industrial development. High-quality original technical papers or advanced review papers are welcome.

Topics for the Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Metallurgical electrochemical technology and equipment;
  2. Engineering vehicle design and development;
  3. Intelligent mechanical engineering and control;
  4. Safety monitoring of new energy vehicles;
  5. Vehicle dynamics and optimization;
  6. Intelligent vehicle cooperative control;
  7. Hydrogen energy and utilization of key technologies;
  8. Modern electronic materials and industrial applications;
  9. Advanced lightweight materials and design;
  10. Application of artificial intelligence and big data analysis in modern industry.

Dr. Jichao Hong
Prof. Dr. Wei Wang
Dr. Xinxi Zeng
Prof. Dr. Xiaoming Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (14 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

5 pages, 187 KiB  
Editorial
Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering
by Jichao Hong
Electronics 2023, 12(13), 2958; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132958 - 5 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1040
Abstract
In celebration of the 70th anniversary of the University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), this Special Issue presents the electrical and mechanical engineering research of the USTB, with the aim of providing timely solutions to emerging scientific and technical challenges in key [...] Read more.
In celebration of the 70th anniversary of the University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), this Special Issue presents the electrical and mechanical engineering research of the USTB, with the aim of providing timely solutions to emerging scientific and technical challenges in key power electronics and mechanical engineering at the frontier of modern industrial development [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)

Research

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23 pages, 10002 KiB  
Article
MPC-ECMS Energy Management of Extended-Range Vehicles Based on LSTM Multi-Signal Speed Prediction
by Laiwei Lu, Hong Zhao, Xiaotong Liu, Chuanlong Sun, Xinyang Zhang and Haixu Yang
Electronics 2023, 12(12), 2642; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122642 - 12 Jun 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1961
Abstract
Rule-based energy management strategies not only make little use of the efficient area of engines and generators but also need to perform better planning in the time domain. This paper proposed a multi-signal vehicle speed prediction model based on the long short-term memory [...] Read more.
Rule-based energy management strategies not only make little use of the efficient area of engines and generators but also need to perform better planning in the time domain. This paper proposed a multi-signal vehicle speed prediction model based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, improving the accuracy of vehicle speed prediction by considering multiple signals. First, various signals were collected by simulating the vehicle model, and a Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the collected multiple signals in order to improve the model’s prediction accurate, and the appropriate signal was selected as the input to the prediction model. The experimental results indicate that the prediction method greatly improves the predictive effect compared with the support vector machine (SVM) vehicle speed prediction method. Secondly, the method was combined with the model predictive control-equivalent consumption strategy (MPC-ECMS) to form a control strategy suitable for power maintenance conditions enabling the equivalent factor to be adjusted adaptively in real-time and the target state of charge (SoC) value to be set. Pontryagin minimum principle (PMP) enables the battery to calculate the range extender output power at each moment. PMP, as the core algorithm of ECMS, is a common real-time optimal control algorithm. Then, taking into account the engine’s operating characteristics, the calculated range extender power was filtered to make the engine run smoothly. Finally, hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HIL) was used to verify the model. The simulation results demonstrate that this method uses less fuel than the equivalent fuel consumption minimum strategy (ECMS) by 1.32%, 9.47% when compared to the power-following control strategy, 15.66% when compared to the SVM-MPC-ECMS, and only 3.58% different from the fuel consumption of the dynamic programming (DP) control algorithm. This shows that this energy management approach can significantly improve the overall vehicle fuel economy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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13 pages, 3911 KiB  
Article
A Skin Cancer Classification Method Based on Discrete Wavelet Down-Sampling Feature Reconstruction
by Qing-e Wu, Yao Yu and Xinyang Zhang
Electronics 2023, 12(9), 2103; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12092103 - 4 May 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1640
Abstract
Aiming at the problems of feature information loss during down-sampling, insufficient characterization ability and low utilization of channel information in skin cancer diagnosis of melanoma, a skin pathological mirror classification method based on discrete wavelet down-sampling feature reconstruction is proposed in this paper. [...] Read more.
Aiming at the problems of feature information loss during down-sampling, insufficient characterization ability and low utilization of channel information in skin cancer diagnosis of melanoma, a skin pathological mirror classification method based on discrete wavelet down-sampling feature reconstruction is proposed in this paper. The wavelet down-sampling method is given first, and the multichannel attention mechanism is introduced to realize the pathological feature reconstruction of high-frequency and low-frequency components, which reduces the loss of pathological feature information due to down-sampling and effectively utilizes the channel information. A skin cancer classification model is given, using a combination of depth-separable convolution and 3×3 standard convolution and wavelet down-sampling as the input backbone of the model to ensure the perceptual field while reducing the number of parameters; the residual module of the model is optimized using wavelet down-sampling and Hard-Swish activation function to enhance the feature representation capability of the model. The network weight parameters are initialized on ImageNet using transfer learning and then debugged on the augmentation HAM10000 dataset. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed method for skin cancer pathological mirror classification is significantly improved, reaching 95.84%. Compared with the existing skin cancer classification methods, the proposed method not only has higher classification accuracy but also accelerates the classification speed and enhances the noise immunity. The method proposed in this paper provides a new classification method for skin cancer classification and has some practical value. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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14 pages, 4250 KiB  
Article
Research on the Effects of Different Electrolyte Ratios on Heat Loss Control in Lithium-Ion Batteries
by Xiaoming Xu, Xinyang Zhang and Jichao Hong
Electronics 2023, 12(8), 1876; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12081876 - 16 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1430
Abstract
As the demand for high-performance battery technology increases, the new energy vehicle industry has an urgent need for safer and more efficient battery systems. A model combining five side reactions was developed to be applied to the studies related to this paper. In [...] Read more.
As the demand for high-performance battery technology increases, the new energy vehicle industry has an urgent need for safer and more efficient battery systems. A model combining five side reactions was developed to be applied to the studies related to this paper. In this paper, the thermal runaway triggering process of Li-ion batteries is simulated, and the relationship between the local heating of the cathode collector surface and the change of the high-temperature area distribution of the diaphragm layer is analyzed. The thermal runaway mechanism is further revealed. Based on the simulation results, the following conclusions can be drawn: phosphonitene compounds can delay the decomposition of the solid electrolyte interphase membrane and reduce the energy yield of battery-side reactions. Compared with the phosphonitene compound, the optimized structure of adding phosphonitene has little effect on the thermal stability of the battery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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23 pages, 8317 KiB  
Article
An Integrated Vibration Elimination System with Mechanical-Electrical-Magnetic Coupling Effects for In-Wheel-Motor-Driven Electric Vehicles
by Ze Zhao, Liang Gu, Jianyang Wu, Xinyang Zhang and Haixu Yang
Electronics 2023, 12(5), 1117; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12051117 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1745
Abstract
This study aims to improve the vehicle vertical dynamics performance in the sprung and unsprung state for in-wheel-motor-driven electric vehicles (IWMD EVs) while considering the unbalanced electric magnetic force effects. An integrated vibration elimination system (IVES) is developed, containing a dynamic vibration-absorbing structure [...] Read more.
This study aims to improve the vehicle vertical dynamics performance in the sprung and unsprung state for in-wheel-motor-driven electric vehicles (IWMD EVs) while considering the unbalanced electric magnetic force effects. An integrated vibration elimination system (IVES) is developed, containing a dynamic vibration-absorbing structure between the IWM and the suspension. It also includes an active suspension system based on a delay-dependent H∞ controller. Further, a novel frequency-compatible tire (FCT) model is constructed to improve IVES accuracy. The mechanical-electrical-magnetic coupling effects of IWMD EVs are theoretically analyzed. A virtual prototype for the IVES is created by combining the CATIA, ADAMS, and MatLab/Simulink, resulting in a high-fidelity multi-body model, validating the IVES accuracy and practicability. Simulations for the IVES considered three different suspension structure types and time delay considerations were performed. Analyses in frequency and time domains for the simulation results have shown that the root mean square of sprung mass acceleration and the eccentricity are significantly reduced via the IVES, indicating an improvement in ride comfort and IWM vibration suppression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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15 pages, 3607 KiB  
Article
Data-Driven Intelligent Recognition of Flatness Control Efficiency for Cold Rolling Mills
by Xiaomin Zhou, Liqi Li, Xinglong Ma and Tao Xu
Electronics 2023, 12(4), 875; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040875 - 9 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1482
Abstract
In the production process of strip tandem cold rolling mills, the flatness control system is important for improving the flatness quality. The control efficiency of actuators is a pivotal factor affecting the flatness control accuracy. At present, the data-driven methods to intelligently identify [...] Read more.
In the production process of strip tandem cold rolling mills, the flatness control system is important for improving the flatness quality. The control efficiency of actuators is a pivotal factor affecting the flatness control accuracy. At present, the data-driven methods to intelligently identify the flatness control efficiency have become a research hotspot. In this paper, a wavelet transform longitudinal denoising method, combined with a genetic algorithm (GA-WT), is proposed to handle the big noise of the measured data from each signal channel of the flatness meter, and Legendre orthogonal polynomial fitting is employed to extract the effective flatness features. Based on the preprocessed actual production data, the adaptive moment estimation (Adam) optimization algorithm is applied, to intelligently identify the flatness control efficiency. This paper takes the actual production data of a 1420 mm tandem cold mill as an example, to verify the performance of the new method. Compared with the control efficiency determined by the empirical method, the flatness residual MSE 0.035 is 5.4% lower. The test results indicate that the GA-WT-Legendre-Adam method can effectively reduce the noise, extract the flatness features, and achieve the intelligent determination of the flatness control efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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21 pages, 7403 KiB  
Article
Investigation on Battery Thermal Management Based on Enhanced Heat Transfer Disturbance Structure within Mini-Channel Liquid Cooling Plate
by Renzheng Li, Yi Yang, Fengwei Liang, Jichao Liu and Xinbo Chen
Electronics 2023, 12(4), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040832 - 7 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1721
Abstract
The battery thermal management system plays an important role in the safe operation of a lithium-ion battery system. In this paper, a novel liquid cooling plate with mini-channels is proposed and is improved with disturbance structures. First, an accurate battery heat generation model [...] Read more.
The battery thermal management system plays an important role in the safe operation of a lithium-ion battery system. In this paper, a novel liquid cooling plate with mini-channels is proposed and is improved with disturbance structures. First, an accurate battery heat generation model is established and verified by experiments. The error is less than 4%, indicating the heat generation power is reliable. Then, five designs are proposed first to determine the suitable number of disturbance structures, and plan 3 with five disturbance structures shows a satisfying performance in heat dissipation and flow field. Moreover, four layout plans are proposed, namely uniform, interlaced, thinning, and gradually denser distribution. Results show that plan 5 (uniform) achieves the best performance: the maximum average temperature is 36.33 °C and the maximum average temperature difference is 0.16 °C. At last, the orthogonal experiment and range analysis are adopted to optimize the structure parameters. Results show that the best combination is space between adjacent disturbance structures d1 = 20 mm, length d2 = 5 mm, width d3 = 1.5 mm, and tilt angle β = 60°. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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18 pages, 10041 KiB  
Article
Analysis and Optimization Based on Factors Affecting the Spiral Climbing Locomotion of Snake-like Robot
by Peng Zhang, Yong Zang, Ben Guan, Zhaolin Wu and Zhiying Gao
Electronics 2022, 11(23), 4002; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11234002 - 2 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1545
Abstract
The snake-like robot is a limbless bionic robot widely used in unstructured environments to perform tasks with substantial functional flexibility and environmental adaptability in complex environments. In this paper, the spiral climbing motion of a snake-like robot on the outer surface of a [...] Read more.
The snake-like robot is a limbless bionic robot widely used in unstructured environments to perform tasks with substantial functional flexibility and environmental adaptability in complex environments. In this paper, the spiral climbing motion of a snake-like robot on the outer surface of a cylindrical object was studied based on the three-dimensional motion of a biological snake, and we carried out the analysis and optimization of the motion-influencing factors. First, the spiral climbing motion of the snake-like robot was implemented by the angle control method, and the target motion was studied and analyzed by combining numerical and environmental simulations. We integrated the influence of kinematics and dynamics factors on the spiral climbing motion. Based on this, we established a multi-objective optimization function that utilized the influence factors to optimize the joint module. In addition, through dynamics simulation analysis, the change of the general clamping force of the snake-like robot’s spiral climbing motion was transformed into the analysis of the contact force between the joint module and the cylinder. On the basis of the results, the effect of the control strategy adopted in this paper on the motion and change rule of the spiral climbing motion was analyzed. This paper presents the analysis of the spiral climbing motion, which is of great theoretical significance and engineering value for the realization of the three-dimensional motion of the snake-like robot. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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12 pages, 3362 KiB  
Article
A Strain Rate Dependent Damage Model for Evaluating the Dynamic Response of CFRTP Laminates with Different Stacking Sequence
by Yiben Zhang and Bo Liu
Electronics 2022, 11(22), 3728; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223728 - 14 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1390
Abstract
Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer (CFRTP) laminates can be used in packaging electronics components to reduce weight and shield external disturbance. The CFRTP structures in operation are inevitably to suffer dynamic loading conditions such as falling rocks, tools and impacts. In this study, [...] Read more.
Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer (CFRTP) laminates can be used in packaging electronics components to reduce weight and shield external disturbance. The CFRTP structures in operation are inevitably to suffer dynamic loading conditions such as falling rocks, tools and impacts. In this study, a strain rate dependent material model for accurately evaluating the dynamic response of CFRTP laminates with different stacking sequence was proposed. The model was composed of three components: a strain rate dependent constitute model, a strain rate related damage initiation model and an energy-based damage evolution model. The strain rate effect of modulus and strength was described by a stacking sequence related matrix, and the damage initiation model could describe the matrix, fiber and delamination damage of CFRTP laminates without introducing cohesive elements. The material model was implemented into finite element software ABAQUS by user defines subroutine VUMAT. The low velocity impact tests of CFRTP laminates with quasi-isotropic and angle-ply stacking sequence were used to provide validation data. The dynamic response of CFRTP laminates from numerical results were highly consistent with the experimental results. The mechanical response of CFRTP laminates were affected by stacking sequence and impact energy, and the numerical error of proposed material model significantly decreased with the increasing impact energy especially for the laminae with damage occur. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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14 pages, 4596 KiB  
Article
Collaborative Accurate Vehicle Positioning Based on Global Navigation Satellite System and Vehicle Network Communication
by Haixu Yang, Jichao Hong, Lingjun Wei, Xun Gong and Xiaoming Xu
Electronics 2022, 11(19), 3247; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11193247 - 9 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3080
Abstract
Intelligence is a direction of development for vehicles and transportation. Accurate vehicle positioning plays a vital role in intelligent driving and transportation. In the case of obstruction or too few satellites, the positioning capability of the Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) will be [...] Read more.
Intelligence is a direction of development for vehicles and transportation. Accurate vehicle positioning plays a vital role in intelligent driving and transportation. In the case of obstruction or too few satellites, the positioning capability of the Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) will be significantly reduced. To eliminate the effect of unlocalization due to missing GNSS signals, a collaborative multi-vehicle localization scheme based on GNSS and vehicle networks is proposed. The vehicle first estimates the location based on GNSS positioning information and then shares this information with the environmental vehicles through vehicle network communication. The vehicle further integrates the relative position of the ambient vehicle observed by the radar with the ambient vehicle position information obtained by communication. A smaller error estimate of the position of self-vehicle and environmental vehicles is obtained by correcting the positioning of self-vehicle and environmental vehicles. The proposed method is validated by simulating multi-vehicle motion scenarios in both lane change and straight-ahead scenarios. The root-mean-square error of the co-location method is below 0.5 m. The results demonstrate that the combined vehicle network communication approach has higher accuracy than single GNSS positioning in both scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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26 pages, 7072 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study, Simulation and Analysis of the Fracture Failure of the Drum Shaft of a Casting Bridge Crane
by Dong Xiang, Yan Li, Yuqing Zhang and Feng Xu
Electronics 2022, 11(19), 3043; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11193043 - 24 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
This study investigated the fatigue fracture of bilateral drive drum shafts in casting bridge cranes including its fracture morphology and factors, such as materials, manufacturing processes, and loads. Seven conditions were designed to test the effects of changes in the speed and torque [...] Read more.
This study investigated the fatigue fracture of bilateral drive drum shafts in casting bridge cranes including its fracture morphology and factors, such as materials, manufacturing processes, and loads. Seven conditions were designed to test the effects of changes in the speed and torque of the drum shafts during startup, commissioning and braking under different loads. A dynamic model was developed for the structure and control system of the hoisting mechanism. Changes in the speed and torque of the motor and drum shafts were simulated under common operating conditions such as speed and load changes of the motor, control asynchrony and single-motor towing. The results showed that asynchronous motor starting and braking, motor dragging and other behaviors led the left and right drum shafts undergo oscillated torque with a value reached 2 × 105 N∙m in a period of approximately 13 s, and a residual torque about 3 × 104 N∙m was retained after braking. The torques on the drum shafts changed suddenly during the processes of starting, shifting and braking. Dynamic loading was the root cause of fatigue fracture of the drum shafts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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13 pages, 5180 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Response and Energy Absorption Characteristics of a Three-Dimensional Re-Entrant Honeycomb
by Jun Zhang, Boqiang Shi and Tian Han
Electronics 2022, 11(17), 2725; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11172725 - 30 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1538
Abstract
In this paper, we design a new three-dimensional honeycomb with a negative Poisson’s ratio. A honeycomb cell was first designed by out-of-plane stretching a re-entrant honeycomb and the honeycomb is built by spatially combining the cells. The in-plane response and energy absorption characteristics [...] Read more.
In this paper, we design a new three-dimensional honeycomb with a negative Poisson’s ratio. A honeycomb cell was first designed by out-of-plane stretching a re-entrant honeycomb and the honeycomb is built by spatially combining the cells. The in-plane response and energy absorption characteristics of the honeycomb are studied through the finite element method (FEM). Some important characteristics are studied and listed as follows: (1) The effects of cell angle and impact velocity on the dynamic response are tested. The results show that the honeycomb exhibits an obvious negative Poisson’s ratio and unique platform stress enhancement effect under the conditions of low and medium velocity. An obvious necking phenomenon appears when the cell angle parameter is 75°. (2) Based on the one-dimensional shock wave theory, the empirical formula of the platform stress is proposed to predict the dynamic bearing capacity of the honeycomb. (3) The energy absorption in different conditions are investigated. Results show that as the impact velocity increases, the energy absorption efficiency gradually decreases. In addition, with the increase of cell angle, the energy absorption efficiency is gradually improved. The above study shows that the honeycomb has good potential in using in vehicle industry as an energy absorption material. It also provides a new strategy for multi-objective optimization of mechanical structure design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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12 pages, 5010 KiB  
Article
An Intelligent Breast Ultrasound System for Diagnosis and 3D Visualization
by Yuanyuan Lu, Yunqing Chen, Cheng Chen, Junlai Li, Kunlun He and Ruoxiu Xiao
Electronics 2022, 11(14), 2116; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142116 - 6 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1682
Abstract
Background: Ultrasonography is the main examination method for breast diseases. Ultrasound imaging is currently relied upon by doctors to form statements of characteristics and locations of lesions, which severely limits the completeness and effectiveness of ultrasound image information. Moreover, analyzing ultrasonography requires experienced [...] Read more.
Background: Ultrasonography is the main examination method for breast diseases. Ultrasound imaging is currently relied upon by doctors to form statements of characteristics and locations of lesions, which severely limits the completeness and effectiveness of ultrasound image information. Moreover, analyzing ultrasonography requires experienced ultrasound doctors, which are not common in hospitals. Thus, this work proposes a 3D-based breast ultrasound system, which can automatically diagnose ultrasound images of the breasts and generate a representative 3D breast lesion model through typical ultrasonography. Methods: In this system, we use a weighted ensemble method to combine three different neural networks and explore different combinations of the neural networks. On this basis, a breast locator was designed to measure and transform the spatial position of lesions. The breast ultrasound software generates a 3D visualization report through the selection and geometric transformation of the nodular model. Results: The ensemble neural network improved in all metrics compared with the classical neural network (DenseNet, AlexNet, GoogLeNet, etc.). It proved that the ensemble neural network proposed in this work can be used for intelligent diagnosis of breast ultrasound images. For 3D visualization, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed to achieve their 3D reconstructions. By comparing two types of visualized results (MRI and our 3D model), we determined that models generated by the 3D-based breast ultrasound system have similar nodule characteristics and spatial relationships with the MRI. Conclusions: In summary, this system implements automatic diagnosis of ultrasound images and presents lesions through 3D models, which can obtain complete and accurate ultrasound image information. Thus, it has clinical potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research

26 pages, 5286 KiB  
Review
Advances in Modeling and Suppression Methods of EMI in Power Electronic Converters of Third-Generation Semiconductor Devices
by Xiaogang Wu, Xinjia Gao, Jiulong Wang, Zheng Li, Shirui Du, Shuchun Gao, Feiqiang Li, Jiuyu Du, Nickolay I. Shchurov and Xinyang Zhang
Electronics 2023, 12(11), 2348; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12112348 - 23 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4133
Abstract
With the development of high-frequency, miniaturized, and lightweight power electronic devices, third-generation semiconductor devices are more and more used in the main circuits of power electronic converters. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by their fast switching can affect the performance of power electronic [...] Read more.
With the development of high-frequency, miniaturized, and lightweight power electronic devices, third-generation semiconductor devices are more and more used in the main circuits of power electronic converters. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by their fast switching can affect the performance of power electronic converters. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the modeling and suppression methods of conducted noise in power electronic converters of third-generation semiconductor devices. This paper describes the EMI sources and coupling paths of EMI in third-generation semiconductor devices used in power electronic converters. The modeling methods of EMI are summarized from the perspectives of power devices and coupling paths. The suppression methods of conducted noise are summarized by suppressing EMI sources and improving coupling path characteristics. This paper provides a reference for the electromagnetic compatibility design of power electronic converters for third-generation semiconductor devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Scientific and Technical Challenges and Developments in Key Power Electronics and Mechanical Engineering)
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