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Digital Measurement Procedures for the Energy Industry

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F1: Electrical Power System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 April 2026) | Viewed by 5560

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
Interests: measurement and data analysis; mathematical modeling of measurement systems; signal processing; sensors calibration; electrical measurement of nonelectrical quantities; uncertainties in measurement; dynamic error
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In addition to measurements of non-electrical quantities—mainly temperature and mechanical quantities—electrical measurements are among the most frequently performed measurements of physical quantities in the power industry. These measurements are carried out in the fields of production, transmission, distribution and use of electricity. They are implemented through the application of digital measurement procedures, which contribute primarily to increasing the efficiency of energy systems and minimizing the possibility of their failure. These procedures enable effective control and monitoring of the operation of energy systems, their diagnostics, measurement and monitoring of energy consumption, management of renewable energy, and electricity storage. It is important, however, that these types of procedures achieve optimal performance in terms of specific tasks while maintaining their appropriate accuracy.

This Special Issue invites contributions on the topic of new measurement procedures in the energy industry. In particular, the presentation of new solutions for the energy industry using advanced measurement procedures related to the digital processing of electrical signals, evolutionary algorithms, and artificial intelligence methods is encouraged. It will be necessary to indicate the current state of knowledge resulting from a thorough review of the literature on the energy industry and the proposed solutions. It will also be necessary to validate the presented measurement procedures based on experimental or simulation data. An indication of the possibilities for practical or theoretical applications of the proposed digital measurement procedures will be recommended.

Dr. Krzysztof Tomczyk
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • computational algorithm
  • control algorithm
  • control system
  • data analysis
  • data acquisition
  • decision algorithm
  • devices for power systems
  • digital signal processing
  • distributed computing
  • distributed system
  • electric power quality
  • electrical quantity
  • errors in power system
  • evolutionary algorithm
  • fuzzy logic
  • genetic algorithm
  • measurement algorithm
  • measurement system
  • measurement technique
  • measuring instrument
  • nonelectrical quantity
  • optimization of power system
  • precision measurement
  • signal distortion
  • signal reproduction
  • special algorithms
  • time-frequency analysis
  • uncertainty analysis
  • validation of computational algorithm
  • wavelet analysis

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

32 pages, 3365 KB  
Article
Analysis of the Relationship Between Digital Network Load and Response Time for the Protection System in Industrial Power Stations
by Łukasz Sołtysek, Bartosz Rozegnał, Krzysztof Nowacki and Mateusz Gajos
Energies 2025, 18(22), 5894; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225894 - 9 Nov 2025
Viewed by 871
Abstract
This paper analyses the parameterisation of protective relays in industrial power distribution stations, focusing on the quantitative relationship between network load and protection system response time. Laboratory simulations using a dedicated automation cabinet and varying network configurations (six streams at 80 samples/cycle and [...] Read more.
This paper analyses the parameterisation of protective relays in industrial power distribution stations, focusing on the quantitative relationship between network load and protection system response time. Laboratory simulations using a dedicated automation cabinet and varying network configurations (six streams at 80 samples/cycle and two to four streams at 256 samples/cycle) revealed a clear correlation: higher network loads lead to longer trip times. Under maximum load (four streams, 256 samples/cycle), response times reached up to 63.75 ms. These delays stemmed from network congestion rather than relay instability. The extended clearing times increased the short-circuit energy (I2t) by approximately 35% on average and over 55% in critical scenarios, requiring upsizing of PVC-insulated conductors from 16 mm2 to 25 mm2 to maintain short-circuit withstand capacity. The findings demonstrate the practical impact of network-induced delays on protection performance, thermal stress, and cable sizing, providing a basis for optimising relay settings and system configuration in modern digital power distribution networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Measurement Procedures for the Energy Industry)
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17 pages, 1948 KB  
Article
Advanced Optimization of Source Power Delivery for Transmission Loss Reduction—Case Study
by Konrad Hawron and Bartosz Rozegnał
Energies 2025, 18(21), 5834; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18215834 - 5 Nov 2025
Viewed by 607
Abstract
The article presents the development and laboratory validation of a current optimization algorithm designed for voltage-source systems. The algorithm was implemented in a real laboratory setup using a synchronous generator driven by a DC motor to model a fragment of a power system. [...] Read more.
The article presents the development and laboratory validation of a current optimization algorithm designed for voltage-source systems. The algorithm was implemented in a real laboratory setup using a synchronous generator driven by a DC motor to model a fragment of a power system. During tests, transient states were intentionally inducted to evaluate the algorithm’s performance. The proposed optimization method effectively reduced instantaneous current peaks by over 60% and the overall RMS current by approximately 4%, leading to lower power losses and decreased conductor temperatures. These improvements resulted in nearly 8% minimization of power losses and a noticeable reduction in heat generation during transient and fault conditions. The solution is particularly suitable for islanded networks with renewable and unstable energy sources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Measurement Procedures for the Energy Industry)
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16 pages, 1932 KB  
Article
Analysis of the Dynamic Properties of the Rogowski Coil to Improve the Accuracy in Power and Electromechanical Systems
by Krzysztof Tomczyk, Maciej Gibas and Marek S. Kozień
Energies 2025, 18(17), 4761; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18174761 - 7 Sep 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2376
Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the dynamic properties of the Rogowski coil, primarily by determining the dynamic errors for several selected test signals and the upper bound of the dynamic error for two quality criteria: the integral-square error and the absolute error. [...] Read more.
This paper presents an analysis of the dynamic properties of the Rogowski coil, primarily by determining the dynamic errors for several selected test signals and the upper bound of the dynamic error for two quality criteria: the integral-square error and the absolute error. A procedure for filtering and reproducing these signals is also presented. The foundation of the presented research is an equivalent circuit model of the Rogowski coil, developed primarily for applications in electrical power and electromechanical systems. Two novel aspects of this work are the determination of dynamic errors for the Rogowski coil and a graphical and quantitative comparison of their values. The research results presented in this paper may serve as a foundation for enhancing the accuracy and dynamic reliability of both the Rogowski coil and other devices (e.g., transformers and current transformers) used in the power industry and mechanical engineering, particularly in the condition monitoring of a broad range of power equipment and in the experimental analysis of electromechanical systems operating under variable load conditions. The findings also highlight the importance of accurate current measurement in modern energy systems, where transient and high-frequency components increasingly affect performance and reliability. Consequently, the presented methodology provides a useful framework for guiding sensor selection and signal processing strategies in advanced monitoring and control applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Digital Measurement Procedures for the Energy Industry)
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