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Measurement Systems for Electric Machines and Motor Drives
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Measurement Systems for Electric Machines and Motor Drives

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 5946

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Krzysztof Kluszczyński

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: electrical mechanics of different types; servo systems; actuators; unconventional electromechanical systems with SMART materials; multi-degree electromechanical systems; mechatronic systems and components; magnetorheological (RM) clutches; electromagnetic launchers; SMA linear actuators; electromagnetic pumps
Prof. Dr. Krzysztof Tomczyk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: measurement and data analysis; mathematical modelling of measurement systems; signal processing; sensor calibration; electrical measurement of nonelectrical quantities; accuracy of measurement systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Maciej Sułowicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: data acquisition; fault diagnosis of electrical machines and drives; time-frequency analysis; wavelet transforms; artificial intelligence; neural networks; fuzzy logic; measurements and data analysis; diagnostics of industrial process; industry application diagnostic methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marek Sieja

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: electrical measurement; mathematical modelling of measurement sensors; calibration of measurement systems; numerical methods in measurements; EU energy policy; information and communication technologies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, research carried out in the field of electric machines and motor drives includes measurements of various types of electrical, mechanical, electromagnetic and kinetic quantities. Basic tests of electric machines include measurements of voltages and currents, performed both during their start-up and in the range of normal operation.

From the point of view of diagnostic tests, it is important to correctly interpret the parameters and symptoms that can be obtained on the basis of the measured values related to electric machines and motor drives. This is possible only by using modern measurement signal processing procedures, often supported by artificial intelligence tools, e.g., genetic methods or neural networks. Quick and correct interpretation of the above parameters may contribute to the detection of the deepening damage to machines and, as a result, protect the user from costly failures that result in the necessity of a partial or comprehensive shutdown of technological processes.

In order to carry out measurements in the area of electric machines and motor drives, it is necessary to correctly apply individual measuring instruments, and, above all, complex measurement systems, most often controlled by dedicated control and measurement software, such as LabVIEW. Due to this, it is possible to quickly and effectively diagnose both single electrical machines and complex drive units used in various types of production lines. The correct application of the measuring equipment should be understood primarily as its selection in terms of the accuracy of the measurements carried out. In addition to hardware and software, it is also important to choose the method of performing measurements and the correct selection of personnel operating the measurement systems.

This Special Issue invites contributions on the topic of measurement systems intended for electric machines and motor drives. In particular, I encourage a wide group of scientists to present new solutions in the field of using computer-aided measurement systems to control the operation of electrical machines. The proposal of such solutions should include an analysis of the relevant measurement system in terms of the obtained measurement data. It will be necessary to indicate the current state of knowledge in the field of the proposed solution together with a detailed review of the relevant literature. It will also be desirable to validate the results, both experimental and simulated. An indication of the possibilities of practical applications of the proposed solutions and the possibility of their further development will be appreciated.

Prof. Dr. Krzysztof Kluszczyński
Prof. Dr. Krzysztof Tomczyk
Prof. Dr. Maciej Sułowicz
Dr. Marek Sieja
Guest Editors

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • actuators
  • computational algorithm
  • control algorithm
  • control system
  • data analysis
  • data acquisition
  • decision algorithm
  • devices for power systems
  • digital signal processing
  • distributed computing
  • distributed system
  • electric power quality
  • electrical quantity
  • electrical machines
  • errors in power systems
  • evolutionary algorithm
  • fuzzy logic
  • genetic algorithm
  • measurement algorithm
  • measurement system
  • measurement system for unconventional electromechanical and mechatronic systems
  • measurement technique
  • measuring instrument
  • mechatronic systems
  • motor drives
  • multi-degree systems
  • nonelectrical quantity
  • optimization of power systems
  • precision measurement
  • servo systems
  • signal distortion
  • signal reproduction
  • special algorithms
  • systems with SMART materials
  • time-frequency analysis
  • uncertainty analysis
  • validation of computational algorithm
  • wavelet analysis

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 3400 KiB  
Article
Planning and Analysis of Microgrids for Fast Charging Stations Considering Net Zero Energy Building Indexes
by Matheus Souza da Cruz, Caroline Beatriz Fucks Darui, Alzenira da Rosa Abaide, Nelson Knak Neto, Leonardo Nogueira Fontoura da Silva and Laura Lisiane Callai dos Santos
Energies 2024, 17(24), 6488; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246488 - 23 Dec 2024
Abstract
Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) aggregation increases the sustainability of the Electric Vehicles (EVs) market. For example, Fast Charging Stations (FCSs) associated with distributed generation and storage systems in a microgrid infrastructure may be beneficial in increasing self-consumption and peak-shaving strategies and mitigating impacts [...] Read more.
Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) aggregation increases the sustainability of the Electric Vehicles (EVs) market. For example, Fast Charging Stations (FCSs) associated with distributed generation and storage systems in a microgrid infrastructure may be beneficial in increasing self-consumption and peak-shaving strategies and mitigating impacts on the grid. However, microgrid sizing planning is a complex challenge, mainly due to numerous factors related to EV market growth and user behavior. This work defines a methodology focusing on sizing planning and analysis of microgrids for FCSs based on quantitative indices formulated according to the Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) concept, optimizing self-sufficiency and limiting impacts on the primary electrical grid. The methodology is applied to a real case study considering the growth of EVs in southern Brazil. The developed analyses demonstrate that the proposed microgrid meets the energy needs of the FCS and presents the best NZEB indexes within the considered study horizon. Additionally, representative profiles were characterized for different load and generation conditions, complementing the analyses. It was shown that the storage promotes a delay and reduction in the reverse peak power flow, further enhancing the NZEB indexes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Measurement Systems for Electric Machines and Motor Drives)
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16 pages, 2764 KiB  
Article
An Adaptive-Gain Sliding Mode Observer with Precise Compensation for Sensorless Control of PMSM
by Wenfei Liu, Bo Luo, Yong Yang, Haoming Niu, Xujun Zhang, Yu Zhou and Chengbi Zeng
Energies 2023, 16(24), 7968; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16247968 - 8 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1127
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a sensorless control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) based on an adaptive-gain sliding mode observer (ASMO) with precise compensation. Firstly, the observer adopts a saturation function with a continuous boundary layer as the switching function to [...] Read more.
In this paper, we propose a sensorless control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) based on an adaptive-gain sliding mode observer (ASMO) with precise compensation. Firstly, the observer adopts a saturation function with a continuous boundary layer as the switching function to avoid the delay effect of the low-pass filter. In addition, the adaptive-gain method is designed based on a conventional sliding mode observer (SMO) with constant-gain and a saturation function. The adaptive-gain mathematical model is simplified by establishing a nonlinear feedback channel of an SMO. Secondly, in order to improve the practicability and facilitate debugging, the explicit stability condition of an ASMO is deduced according to Lyapunov’s second method. According to the proposed adaptive method, the chattering caused by the mismatch of the sliding-mode gain is suppressed, and the observable speed range is also improved. Thirdly, the position estimation delay problem of an SMO with a continuous switching function is analyzed in detail from the perspective of frequency characteristics. Then, a precise compensation method is proposed for the delay problem, which greatly improves the position estimation accuracy and the control performance. Finally, the correctness of the theory and the feasibility of the ASMO with precise compensation for the sensorless control of PMSMs are verified by experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Measurement Systems for Electric Machines and Motor Drives)
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12 pages, 2686 KiB  
Article
Accuracy Assessment of Charge-Mode Accelerometers Using Multivariate Regression of the Upper Bound of the Dynamic Error
by Krzysztof Tomczyk and Małgorzata Kowalczyk
Energies 2023, 16(23), 7784; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237784 - 26 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 953
Abstract
This paper presents the mathematical basis and related procedures for the regression of the upper bound of the dynamic error produced by charge-mode accelerometers. The integral-square error obtained in response to simulation signals with one constraint appearing at the input of the accelerometer [...] Read more.
This paper presents the mathematical basis and related procedures for the regression of the upper bound of the dynamic error produced by charge-mode accelerometers. The integral-square error obtained in response to simulation signals with one constraint appearing at the input of the accelerometer is considered. Physical models of accelerometers are presented with related equations and mathematical formulae that make it possible to obtain the error and the corresponding constrained signal. Examples of the regression for predefined values of the accelerometer parameters are also discussed. The solutions presented in this paper may contribute to increasing the accuracy of the charge-mode accelerometers commonly used in energy systems. Development of the functions approximating the integral-square error for the given ranges of accelerometer parameters constitutes the original contribution of this paper. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Measurement Systems for Electric Machines and Motor Drives)
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20 pages, 7843 KiB  
Article
Toward Reducing Undesired Rotation Torque in Maglev Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor
by Feng Xing, Xiaoyu Song, Yuge Gao and Chaoning Zhang
Energies 2023, 16(16), 6066; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16166066 - 19 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1414
Abstract
The dq current transformation method can be used to achieve the drive control of the maglev permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (MPMSLM). Specifically, the control of the suspension force Fz can be achieved by controlling the d-axis current, and the control [...] Read more.
The dq current transformation method can be used to achieve the drive control of the maglev permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (MPMSLM). Specifically, the control of the suspension force Fz can be achieved by controlling the d-axis current, and the control of the thrust force Fx can be achieved by controlling the q-axis current. However, the direct use of the dq current transformation method on traditional MPMSLM structures produces an additional rotation torque around the y-axis. In order to reduce this additional torque, a new MPMSLM structure is proposed in this work. First, the characteristics of additional torque through finite element analysis are analyzed. Second, the Halbach permanent magnet array and coil size are optimized, and the topology of the MPMSLM coil is designed to reduce the additional torque. The decoupling performance and current of the proposed MPMSLM are experimentally verified through open-loop experiments using finite element simulation software. Finally, the decoupling algorithm of the generalized inverse matrix is used to achieve the decoupling between forces Fx and Fz and torque Ty and the d-axis and q-axis currents in each drive unit. Based on this, a three-degree-of-freedom closed-loop control system of the MPMSLM is designed. The LabVIEW 2018 software is used for the simulation analysis of the three-degree-of-freedom MPMSLM motion control system, and the results show that the proposed motor structure has superior closed-loop control performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Measurement Systems for Electric Machines and Motor Drives)
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15 pages, 3690 KiB  
Article
Application of Phase-Shifting Transformer with Longitudinal and Transverse Voltage Regulation
by Paweł Albrechtowicz, Bartosz Rozegnał, Jerzy Szczepanik, Maciej Sułowicz and Piotr Cisek
Energies 2023, 16(12), 4603; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16124603 - 8 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1784
Abstract
This article was written to present a new solution for a phase-shifting transformer and to show that, in many aspects, the proposed device is more functional and improved when compared to the other currently available phase-shifting structures. The article shows the construction of [...] Read more.
This article was written to present a new solution for a phase-shifting transformer and to show that, in many aspects, the proposed device is more functional and improved when compared to the other currently available phase-shifting structures. The article shows the construction of the new phase-shifting transformer, with longitudinal and transverse voltage regulation. The proposed device’s functionality and available operation states are compared to other existing solutions. Selected steady-state variants of the operation of the proposed transformer were checked based on computer simulations and the laboratory model presented in detail in the article. Convergence between measurements and simulations was achieved. Power flow calculations were also performed in the five-node electrical power system model. In these calculations, two variants of the proposed device’s work were considered and compared with the asymmetric phase shifter. The tests confirmed in the proposed structure, both angle and voltage regulation, enabled maintaining a constant active power flow. The authors show that the proposed solution combines the advantages and functionality of various types of phase shifters while, at the same time, being characterized by a much simpler structure, which results in a two-times-lower cost of the device. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Measurement Systems for Electric Machines and Motor Drives)
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