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Energies
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Levitation and Propulsion Technologies for Sub-sonic Ground Transportation (Hyperloop)
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Levitation and Propulsion Technologies for Sub-sonic Ground Transportation (Hyperloop)

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 7901

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Suyong Choi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hyper Tube Express (HTX) Research Team, New Transportation Innovative Research Center, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang-si 16105, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: electromagnetic propulsion; wireless power transfer; superconducting magnets; Hyperloop systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jungyoul Lim

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Hyper Tube eXpress (HTX) Research Team, New Transportation Innovative Research Center, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do 16105, Korea
Interests: electromagnetic actuators; superconducting magnets; magnetic levitation; Hyperloop systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jaeheon Choe

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Hyper Tube eXpress (HTX) Research Team, New Transportation Innovative Research Center, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang-si 16105, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Interests: electromagnetic propulsion/levitation rails; hyperloop pods; composite; carbon fiber; weight reduction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Hyperloop, which aims to accelerate to a sub-sonic velocity of 1200 km/h in near-vacuum tubes of 0.001 atm with magnetic levitation and propulsion systems, will be one of the most attractive candidates for the next-generation transportation.

Since the alpha paper on the Hyperloop proposed by SpaceX and Tesla was widely released in 2013, the Hyperloop has been suddenly in the public attention as an alternative to conventional Maglevs. Presently, there are dozens of venture companies related to Hyperloop around the world, and two of them are becoming widely known companies—Virgin Hyperloop One and Hyperloop Transportation Technologies—and have performed partial operating tests.

Without doubt, in order to guarantee stable and efficient sub-sonic operation for the commercialization of Hyperloop, levitation and propulsion technologies are considered as key milestones among Hyperloop technologies. This Special Issue therefore seeks contributions for the sub-sonic levitation and propulsion agenda through technical innovation and enhancement. We also look forward to inviting papers on novel concept designs, technical developments, reviews, case studies, and analytical assessments. 

At the same time, this Special Issue is not limited to conventional electromagnetic levitation and propulsion approaches, but covers all the possible methods for Hyperloop (e.g., jet rockets, combustion engines, in-wheel motors, etc.).

Dr. Suyong Choi
Dr. Jungyoul Lim
Dr. Jaeheon Choe
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Hyperloop
  • Sub-sonic trains
  • Magnetic levitation trains (Maglev)
  • Vacuum tube train (Vactrain)
  • Electromagnetic levitation/propulsion
  • Linear motors
  • Superconducting magnets
  • Power supply systems
  • Combustion/jet engines

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2790 KiB  
Article
Reducing the Power Consumption of the Electrodynamic Suspension Levitation System by Changing the Span of the Horizontal Magnet in the Halbach Array
by Tomasz Kublin, Lech Grzesiak, Paweł Radziszewski, Marcin Nikoniuk and Łukasz Ordyszewski
Energies 2021, 14(20), 6549; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206549 - 12 Oct 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2102
Abstract
In high-speed magnetic railways, it is necessary to create the forces that lift the train. This effect is achieved by using active (EMS) or passive (EDS) magnetic systems. In a passive system, suspension systems with permanent magnets arranged in a Halbach array can [...] Read more.
In high-speed magnetic railways, it is necessary to create the forces that lift the train. This effect is achieved by using active (EMS) or passive (EDS) magnetic systems. In a passive system, suspension systems with permanent magnets arranged in a Halbach array can be used. In this paper, an original Halbach array with various alternately arranged horizontally and vertically magnetized magnets is proposed. Correctly selected geometry allows us to obtain higher values of levitation forces and lower braking forces in relation to a system with identical horizontally and vertically magnetized elements. The effect of such a shape of the magnetic arrangement is the reduction of instantaneous power consumption while traveling due to the occurrence of lower braking forces. In order to perform a comparative analysis of the various geometries of the Halbach array, a simulation model was developed in the ANSYS Maxwell program. The performed calculations made it possible to determine the optimal dimensions of horizontally and vertically magnetized elements. The results of calculations of instantaneous power savings for various cruising speeds are also included. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Levitation and Propulsion Technologies for Sub-sonic Ground Transportation (Hyperloop))
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22 pages, 6391 KiB  
Article
Capsule Vehicle Dynamics Based on Levitation Coil Design Using Equivalent Model of a Sidewall Electrodynamic Suspension System
by Ranhee Yoon, Birhan Abebaw Negash, Wonhee You, Jungyoul Lim, Jinho Lee, Changyoung Lee and Kwansup Lee
Energies 2021, 14(16), 4979; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164979 - 13 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2463
Abstract
A levitation system based on sidewall electrodynamic suspension (EDS) is considered for a capsule vehicle, which is a next-generation high-speed transportation system currently being studied. This levitation system does not require controlling of the gap between the guideway and the vehicle on which [...] Read more.
A levitation system based on sidewall electrodynamic suspension (EDS) is considered for a capsule vehicle, which is a next-generation high-speed transportation system currently being studied. This levitation system does not require controlling of the gap between the guideway and the vehicle on which the superconducting electromagnet is mounted. However, when the vehicle is operated in a levitated state, the ride comfort is worse than that of the levitation system based on electromagnetic suspension (EMS), making it necessary to develop methods that can ensure good riding comfort. In addition, because the EDS system is complex and nonlinear with a combination of electromagnetics and mechanical dynamics, it is complicated to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the capsule vehicle, and the corresponding numerical analysis is time-consuming. Therefore, to easily understand the running dynamics of a capsule vehicle in the sidewall EMS system, the magnetic suspension characteristics corresponding to the primary suspension are simply modeled by considering the levitation stiffness in the vertical direction and the guidance stiffness in the lateral direction, similar to that in the case of the mechanical suspension. In this study, mathematical models of the levitation and guidance stiffnesses with respect to the speed and position of a vehicle body running at high speeds in a levitated state in the sidewall EDS system were derived for three design proposals of the levitation coil. The dynamic behavior of the vehicle based on the three design proposals was investigated by simulating a capsule vehicle model with 15 degrees of freedom. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Levitation and Propulsion Technologies for Sub-sonic Ground Transportation (Hyperloop))
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13 pages, 5318 KiB  
Article
Development of the Reduced-Scale Vehicle Model for the Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of the Hyperloop
by Jinho Lee, Wonhee You, Jungyoul Lim, Kwan-Sup Lee and Jae-Yong Lim
Energies 2021, 14(13), 3883; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133883 - 28 Jun 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2333
Abstract
This study addresses the Hyperloop characterized by a capsule-type vehicle, superconducting electrodynamic suspension (SC-EDS) levitation, and driving in a near-vacuum tube. Because the Hyperloop is different from conventional transportation, various considerations are required in the vehicle-design stage. Particularly, pre-investigation of the vehicle dynamic [...] Read more.
This study addresses the Hyperloop characterized by a capsule-type vehicle, superconducting electrodynamic suspension (SC-EDS) levitation, and driving in a near-vacuum tube. Because the Hyperloop is different from conventional transportation, various considerations are required in the vehicle-design stage. Particularly, pre-investigation of the vehicle dynamic characteristics is essential because of the close relationship among the vehicle design parameters, such as size, weight, and suspensions. Accordingly, a 1/10 scale Hyperloop vehicle system model, enabling the analysis of dynamic motions in the vertical and lateral directions, was developed. The reduced-scale model is composed of bogies operated by Stewart platforms, secondary suspension units, and a car body. To realize the bogie motion, an operation algorithm reflecting the external disturbance, SC-EDS levitation, and interaction between the bogie and car body, was applied to the Stewart platform. Flexible rubber springs were used in the secondary suspension unit to enable dynamic characteristic analysis of the vertical and lateral motion. Results of the verification tests were compared with simulation results to examine the fitness of the developed model. The results showed that the developed reduced-scale model could successfully represent the complete dynamic characteristics, owing to the enhanced precision of the Stewart platform and the secondary suspension allowing biaxial motions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Levitation and Propulsion Technologies for Sub-sonic Ground Transportation (Hyperloop))
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