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Energies
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Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis
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Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F1: Electrical Power System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 16033

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Horia Andrei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Doctoral School, University Valahia of Targoviste, 13 Aleea Sinaia, 130004 Targoviste, Dambovita, Romania
Interests: electrical engineering; power system analysis; modeling and simulation; electrical load management; energy efficiency; reneweable energy; data acquisition systems; distribution system analysis and optimisation; power quality
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editor is inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Energies, on the subject area of “Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis”. In respect to the actual progress and worldwide importance of power systems connectivity and resiliency, interesting subjects are included in this Special Issue, such as analysis, modeling and simulation techniques, applications of  information and communications technology (ICT), Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), continuity of electricity supply, modeling and analysis of resilience, and connectivity technologies.

It will be very useful for power systems (PS) researchers, academics, engineers and PhD students to prepare and publish their scientific contributions, and it will also benefit the journal’s readers.

Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

  • Power system modeling, simulation and analysis;
  • Modeling and optimization of power systems operations;
  • Applications of ICT, IoT and/or AI for power systems;
  • Modeling, simulation and design of resilient sensors networks;
  • Continuity of electricity supply, reliability and resilience—modeling and analysis;
  • Modelling, simulation and analysis of resiliency for microgrids;
  • Power system monitoring, protection and control;
  • Resilience assessment of power systems with distribution generation;
  • Connectivity technologies in the electric power industry;
  • Power system risk and resiliency dependency

Dr. Horia Andrei
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Power systems connectivity and resiliency
  • Power systems modeling, simulation and analysis techniques
  • Resilience assessment
  • Connectivity technologies
  • Applications of ICT, IoT and/or AI
  • Power systems risk and protection
  • Resiliency for microgrids
  • Continuity of electricity supply

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 174 KiB  
Editorial
Power Systems’ Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis
by Paul Cristian Andrei and Horia Andrei
Energies 2022, 15(8), 2789; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15082789 - 11 Apr 2022
Viewed by 1179
Abstract
Over the last decade, online data acquisition and processing of power systems’ parameters led to significant improvements in power systems’ operability, control and reliability [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

16 pages, 18736 KiB  
Article
Intelligent Islanding Detection of Microgrids Using Long Short-Term Memory Networks
by Syed Basit Ali Bukhari, Khawaja Khalid Mehmood, Abdul Wadood and Herie Park
Energies 2021, 14(18), 5762; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185762 - 13 Sep 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2031
Abstract
This paper presents a new intelligent islanding detection scheme (IIDS) based on empirical wavelet transform (EWT) and long short-term memory (LSTM) network to identify islanding events in microgrids. The concept of EWT is extended to extract features from three-phase signals. First, the three-phase [...] Read more.
This paper presents a new intelligent islanding detection scheme (IIDS) based on empirical wavelet transform (EWT) and long short-term memory (LSTM) network to identify islanding events in microgrids. The concept of EWT is extended to extract features from three-phase signals. First, the three-phase voltage signals sampled at the terminal of targeted distributed energy resource (DER) or point of common coupling (PCC) are decomposed into empirical modes/frequency subbands using EWT. Then, instantaneous amplitudes and instantaneous frequencies of the three-phases at different frequency subbands are combined, and various statistical features are calculated. Finally, the EWT-based features along with the three-phase voltage signals are input to the LSTM network to differentiate between non-islanding and islanding events. To assess the efficacy of the proposed IIDS, extensive simulations are performed on an IEC microgrid and an IEEE 34-node system. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed IIDS in terms of non-detection zone (NDZ), computational time, detection accuracy, and robustness against noisy measurement. Furthermore, comparisons with existing intelligent methods and different LSTM architectures demonstrate that the proposed IIDS offers higher reliability by significantly reducing the NDZ and stands robust against measurements uncertainty. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis)
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19 pages, 3830 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Functioning Quality of Data Transmission Networks in the Context of Cyberattacks
by Andrey Privalov, Igor Kotenko, Igor Saenko, Natalya Evglevskaya and Daniil Titov
Energies 2021, 14(16), 4755; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14164755 - 5 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1961
Abstract
Cyberattacks against the elements of technological data transmission networks represent a rather significant threat of disrupting the management of regional electric power complexes. Therefore, evaluating the functioning quality of data transmission networks in the context of cyberattacks is an important task that helps [...] Read more.
Cyberattacks against the elements of technological data transmission networks represent a rather significant threat of disrupting the management of regional electric power complexes. Therefore, evaluating the functioning quality of data transmission networks in the context of cyberattacks is an important task that helps to make the right decisions on the telecommunication support of electric power systems. The known models and methods for solving this problem have limited application areas determined by the admissible packet distribution laws. The paper proposes a new method for evaluating the quality of the functioning of data transmission networks, based on modeling the process of functioning of data transmission networks in the form of a stochastic network. The proposed method removes restrictions on the form of the initial distributions and makes the assumptions about the exponential distribution of the expected time and packet servicing in modern technological data transmission networks unnecessary. The method gives the possibility to evaluate the quality of the network functioning in the context of cyberattacks for stationary Poisson transmission and self-similar traffic, represented by Pareto and Weibul flows models. The obtained evaluation results are in good agreement with the data represented in previously published papers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis)
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22 pages, 7814 KiB  
Article
Energy Community Flexibility Solutions to Improve Users’ Wellbeing
by Adriana Mar, Pedro Pereira and João Martins
Energies 2021, 14(12), 3403; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14123403 - 9 Jun 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2875
Abstract
Energy communities, mostly microgrid based, are a key stakeholder of modern electrical power grids. Operating a microgrid based energy community is a challenging topic due to the involved uncertainties, complexities and often conflicting objectives. The aim of this paper is to present a [...] Read more.
Energy communities, mostly microgrid based, are a key stakeholder of modern electrical power grids. Operating a microgrid based energy community is a challenging topic due to the involved uncertainties, complexities and often conflicting objectives. The aim of this paper is to present a novel methodology demonstrating that energy community flexibility can contribute to each community member’s wellbeing when a grid fault occurs. A three-house energy community will be modelled considering as consumption sources non-controllable and controllable devices in each house. As power supply sources, PV systems installed in a community’s houses are considered, as well as the power obtained from main grid. Each house’s flexibility inside the community will be studied to improve the management of loads during a fault occurrence. Moreover, three different scenarios will be considered with different available power in the community. With these simulations, it was possible to understand that houses’ energy flexibility can be used under a fault situation, either to maintain the users’ wellbeing or to change the energy flow. Furthermore, energy flexibility can be used to create better energy price markets, to improve the resilience of the grid, or even to consider electrical vehicles’ connection to a community’s grid. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis)
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20 pages, 5330 KiB  
Article
A Case Study of an Industrial Power Plant under Cyberattack: Simulation and Analysis
by Marilena Stănculescu, Sorin Deleanu, Paul Cristian Andrei and Horia Andrei
Energies 2021, 14(9), 2568; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092568 - 29 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3111
Abstract
For critical infrastructures, technological developments regarding real-time data transmission and processing improve the system’s operability and reliability. However, vulnerabilities are introduced in the case of implementing new remote access methods or where redundancy is low. At the national level, most critical infrastructures are [...] Read more.
For critical infrastructures, technological developments regarding real-time data transmission and processing improve the system’s operability and reliability. However, vulnerabilities are introduced in the case of implementing new remote access methods or where redundancy is low. At the national level, most critical infrastructures are connected, and, therefore, achieving a level of security and resilience is based on identifying a multitude of risks. In this respect, the reduction of risk to acceptable levels directly affects the quality of citizens’ lives and decreases losses in the industry. This study starts from the threats to power systems, namely cyberattacks, which are much more dangerous, although less visible, to operators, and almost invisible to the public or the media. From this point of view, it was proved that the most vulnerable parts of the power system were human–machine interfaces, electrical equipment, Surveillance, Control, and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. This paper’s main achievements include the simulation of cyberattacks on existing electrical equipment from a petrochemical plant (case study), which consists of modifying the remote data transmitted by the SCADA system. Two locations were submitted to simulated cyberattacks that were considered critical for the overall plant operation. Furthermore, the changes that occur following each fault resulting from the cyberattack and the influence of the electrical parameter changes upon the process flow were analyzed. Furthermore, by using Electrical Power System Analysis Software—ETAP—the changes that occur following each fault due to the cyberattack and the influence of the electrical parameter changes upon the process flow were analyzed. By considering the two malfunction events, the resilience assessment of the system was analyzed. In the second case, only partial resilience action, up to 40%, restored the operability of the industrial power plant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis)
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22 pages, 3585 KiB  
Article
Energetic-Environmental-Economic Feasibility and Impact Assessment of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System in Wastewater Treatment Plant: Case Study
by Horia Andrei, Cristian Andrei Badea, Paul Andrei and Filippo Spertino
Energies 2021, 14(1), 100; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14010100 - 27 Dec 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3892
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants and power generation constitute inseparable parts of present society. So the growth of wastewater treatment plants is accompanied by an increase in the energy consumption, and a sustainable development implies the use of renewable energy sources on a large scale [...] Read more.
Wastewater treatment plants and power generation constitute inseparable parts of present society. So the growth of wastewater treatment plants is accompanied by an increase in the energy consumption, and a sustainable development implies the use of renewable energy sources on a large scale in the power generation. A case study of the synergy between wastewater treatment plants and photovoltaic systems, aiming to improve the energetic, environmental and economic impacts, is presented. Based on data acquisition, the energy consumption analysis of wastewater treatment plant reveals that the highest demand is during April, and the lowest is during November. The placement of photovoltaic modules is designed to maximize the use of free space on the technological area of wastewater treatment plant in order to obtain a power output as high as possible. The peak consumption of wastewater treatment plant occurs in April, however the peak production of the photovoltaic is in July, so electrochemical batteries can partly compensate for this mismatch. The impact of the photovoltaic system connectivity on power grid is assessed by means of the matching-index method and the storage battery significantly improves this parameter. Carbon credit and energy payback time are used to assess the environmental impact. The results prove that the photovoltaic system mitigates 12,118 tons of carbon and, respectively, the embedded energy is compensated by production in 8 ½ years. The economic impact of the photovoltaic system is analyzed by the levelized cost of energy, and the results show that the price of energy from the photovoltaic source is below the current market price of energy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems Connectivity and Resiliency: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis)
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