Energies, Volume 18, Issue 6

The widespread deployment of distributed energy resources including volatile renewable generation raises the need for detailed distribution network analysis. In many cases, the vast system sizes make the joint analysis of multiple voltage levels comp...

This paper studies numerical simulations of the input-output behavior of a geothermal energy storage used in residential heating systems. There, under or aside of a building a certain domain is filled with soil and insulated from the surrounding grou...

In hub-motor electric vehicles (HMEVs), performance is adversely affected by the mechanical-electromagnetic coupling effect arising from deformations of the air gap in the Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor (PM BLDC), which are exacerbat...

To fully recover abundant waste heat and reduce the operation cost in liquid-cooled data centers, a Carnot battery consisting of a heat pump (HP) and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is proposed. Due to the existence of different cycle states for HPs and...

There are currently numerous types of water-flooding characteristic curves, most of which are derived from fundamental theories such as material balance, relative permeability, along with experimental results. A single exponential or power function e...

Inspired by C. Alexandru, to achieve a balance between tracking accuracy and equipment cost and between single-axis tracking brackets and dual-axis tracking brackets, a kind of quasi-biaxial solar tracker, whose approximate two-axis motions are drive...

In recent years, rate of penetration (ROP) prediction using machine learning has attracted considerable interest. However, few studies have addressed ROP prediction uncertainty and its relation to training data and model inputs. This paper presents t...

The intermediate joint of high-voltage cables, as a critical component in the power transmission system, plays a direct role in the stable operation of the entire electrical system. In recent years, frequent explosions of intermediate joints in high-...

This study proposes a vertically stacked thermoelectric generator (TEG) design to enhance output power per unit volume. While the proposed TEG achieved improved conversion efficiency, the high inertia of the exhaust gas leads to significant flow mald...

The flow management of the gas–liquid mixture module is crucial for the transmission efficiency of crude oil-and-natural gas-gathering and transportation systems. The concurrent flow of high-viscosity crude oil and natural gas in gas–liqu...

This study proposes the water hammer energy difference (WHED) method based on unsteady flow energy and continuity equations, as well as the propagation laws of water hammer in closed pipes, and verifies its accuracy. Additionally, the parameter evolu...

Over the past few years, the combination of solar power with refrigeration technology has matured, providing a promising solution for sustainable cooling. However, a key challenge remains, namely the inherent intermittency of solar energy. Due to its...

The global adoption of battery electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) as a substitute for internal combustion engine cars (ICEs) in various nations offers a substantial opportunity to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from la...

In this study, the CO₂ reduction benefits of wind energy in the transition towards a carbon-neutral energy system are explored. The marginal benefits of wind energy in replacing CO₂ emissions in electricity generation are gradually declining as carbo...

With the increasing prevalence of renewable energy, microgrids play a crucial role in enhancing distributed energy efficiency and system flexibility. However, the intermittent and unpredictable nature of renewable energy generation presents significa...

The increase in the exploration of renewable energy sources intensifies the need for efficient storage solutions to mitigate the inherent intermittence of these sources. Among the available technologies, cryogenic energy storage (CES) systems stand o...

The charging demand of electric passenger cars needs to be considered during the planning and operation of the electric power grid, especially at high penetration rates. It is not sufficient to simply quantify these additional loads, but rather time-...

Schools, key symbols of progress and innovation, require particular attention regarding energy efficiency, which is considered a strategic priority in sustainable development policies. Improving energy efficiency in schools reduces costs and environm...

The integration of new renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, is characterized by strong randomness and volatility, which increases the risk of power grid system frequency fluctuations exceeding limits. Traditional thermal power unit...

This study introduces a novel, low-cost, non-contact measurement system for heat flux estimation based on an enhanced thermometric method. The customized system was designed and assembled to implement a non-contact, indirect approach for heat flux as...

Electrification is a key priority of the European Union, focusing on saving energy resources and mitigating carbon emissions through enhancing restrictions on relative policies and initiatives. For such goals to be achieved, investing in renewable en...

The installation distance between the speed sensor of the traditional rolling or sliding bearing permanent magnet synchronous motor and the rotor was very close, and the rotor of the magnetic levitation motor supported by Active Magnetic Bearings (AM...

Power system stability (PSS) refers to the capacity of an electrical system to maintain a consistent equilibrium between the generation and consumption of electric power. In this paper, the PSS is evaluated for a “hybrid power plant” (HPP...

Air transport, in addition to passenger transport, also transports air shipments containing hazardous materials. Hazardous materials include lithium-ion batteries, which can be carried both by passengers and by cargo aircraft. Due to the dynamic deve...

This paper presents advanced frameworks for microgrid predictive maintenance by performing a comprehensive correlative analysis of advanced recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures, i.e., RNNs, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent U...

Porcelain insulators in power systems are subject to prolonged mechanical and electrical loads, as well as environmental factors such as climate variations. These conditions often lead to degradation of insulation performance and structural damage, r...

This study investigates the potential for affordable and lightweight polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) using lightweight flow-field plates, also referred to as bipolar plates. A comparative analysis was conducted on the performance of...

As important energy suppliers in China, coal-resource-based cities are pivotal to achieving the nation’s 2060 carbon-neutrality goal. This study focused on Jincheng City, utilizing the LOW EMISSIONS ANALYSIS PLATFORM (LEAP) model to predict car...

Transient stability assessments and state prediction are critical tasks for power system security. The increasing integration of renewable energy sources has introduced significant uncertainties into these tasks. While AI has shown great potential, m...

Orderly power consumption is an important method for maintaining the supply–demand balance in the power system. However, the large-scale integration of renewable energy significantly raises demand-side load flexibility requirements, challenging...

Microporous metal materials have promising applications in the high-temperature industry for their high heat exchange efficiency. However, due to their complex internal structure, analyzing the heat transfer mechanisms presents a great challenge. Thi...

The transition to a decarbonized energy sector, driven by the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), smart building technology, and the rise of Electric Vehicles (EVs), has highlighted the need for optimized energy system planning. Increasin...

The predicted rapid accumulation of end-of-life lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) from electric vehicles (EVs) has raised environmental concerns due to the toxic nature of LIB materials. Consequently, researchers have developed reusing and recycling plans...

The operation of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems in densely occupied spaces results in considerable energy consumption. In the post-pandemic context, stricter indoor air quality standards and higher ventilation rates further i...

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are pivotal to advancing sustainable hydrogen energy systems. However, their performance decreases under low-humidity conditions (relative humidity, RH 50%) due to inadequate membrane hydration. This study...

Since it was proposed, the replacement process, in natural gas hydrate reservoirs, has been considered as one of the most promising options to obtain an alternative and potentially carbon-neutral energy source. However, such a process shows high comp...

The transformation of energy markets is at a crossroads in the search for how they must evolve to become ecologically friendly systems and meet the growing energy demand. Currently, methodologies based on bibliographic data analysis are supported by...

This comprehensive techno-economic analysis focuses on a proposed power plant that uses cleaner alternatives to traditional combustion methods. The study meticulously examines ternary blends of ammonia, refuse-derived fuels (RDFs), and coal. Utilizin...

The reactor system has multivariate, nonlinear, and strongly coupled dynamic characteristics, which puts high demands on the robustness, real-time demand, and accuracy of the control strategy. Conventional control approaches depend on the mathematica...

With the large-scale adoption of photovoltaic (PV) systems as a renewable energy source, accurate long-term forecasting benefits both utilities and customers. However, developing forecasting models is challenging due to the need for high-quality trai...

The primary challenge for electric vehicles in replacing oil-fueled vehicles today is their limited range, despite significant advancements in energy storage technology and alternative fuel vehicles over the past few decades. Direct-drive in-wheel mo...

The disadvantage of phase change materials (PCMs) that store thermal energy is their low thermal conductivity. The macro-, micro-, and nanoencapsulation of PCMs are some of the ways to eliminate this drawback. Liquids with micro- and nanometer-sized...

This paper presents the development of an energization system prototype for IoT sensor nodes using Peltier cells as energy harvesters; its operation is optimized by applying a maximum power point tracking algorithm (MPPT) to capture as much electrica...

Accurately identifying the fault type of an optical current transformer (optical CT) and evaluating the fault severity can provide strong support for the operation and maintenance of a direct current (DC) power system. In response to the problems tha...

Oxy-fuel combustion is a promising way to avoid process-based CO₂ emissions. In this paper, the operational range of a new semi-industrial oxy-fuel combustion chamber for pulverized biomass is analyzed. This approach is used to gain a deeper understa...

Three-phase induction motors are widely applied in industrial systems due to their durability and efficiency. However, electrical faults such as inter-turn short circuits can compromise performance, leading to unplanned downtime and maintenance costs...

The development of advanced electrocatalysts plays a pivotal role in enhancing hydrogen production through water electrolysis. In this study, we employed a two-step electrodeposition method to fabricate a 3D porous Cu-Co-Ni alloy with superior cataly...

As the global carbon neutrality process accelerates and energy transition continues, the energy storage industry is experiencing unprecedented growth worldwide, emerging as a key strategic sector. Focusing on China’s energy storage industry, th...

China has a large number of transmission lines laid in the mountains and forests and other regions, and these transmission lines enable national strategic projects such as the west-east power transmission project. However, the occurrence of mountain...

With the rapid expansion of 5G base stations, the increasing energy consumption and fluctuations in power grid loads pose significant challenges to both network operators and grid stability. This paper proposes a coordinated scheduling strategy desig...