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Advances in Hydrogen Energy Safety Technology, 2nd Edition

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Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hydrogen energy is considered one of the most promising fuels, especially in fuel cell vehicles (FCV), provides immediate solutions to problems associated with current fossil fuel-based vehicle technologies, for example, a reduction in greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions. The use of hydrogen greatly helps to achieve ‘emission peak’ & ‘carbon neutrality’. However, the potential risk of hydrogen damage, leakage, flammability, and explosion makes the hydrogen storage system in FCV face several challenges. To be effective, and competitive for daily use, it still needs a highly reliable hydrogen energy system, which is highly dependent on technological improvements. This Special Issue on “Advances in Hydrogen Energy Safety Technology” aims to bring together the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the field of hydrogen energy safety. Original research articles and reviews are welcome in this Special Issue. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

Hydrogen compatibility of materials;
Effect of hydrogen on materials;
Hydrogen sealing technology;
Performance, durability and reliability of hydrogen storage tanks;
Liquid/gas hydrogen leakage, fire and explosion;
Hydrogen safety in manufacture, storage and transportation etc.;
Hydrogen risk analysis and management;
Hydrogen standards and codes.

Other hydrogen related theory, technology and applications

Dr. Chilou Zhou
Prof. Dr. Chao Chen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

hydrogen compatibility of materials
effect of hydrogen on materials
hydrogen sealing technology
performance, durability and reliability of hydrogen storage tanks
liquid/gas hydrogen leakage, fire and explosion
hydrogen safety in manufacture, storage and transportation etc.
hydrogen risk analysis and management
hydrogen standards and codes

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Research

20 pages, 4771 KB

Open AccessArticle

Investigation on Critical Heat Flux of Flow Boiling in Rectangular Microchannels: A Parametric Study and Assessment of New Prediction Method

by Cong Deng, Xiaoping Luo, Zhiwei Sun, Jinxin Zhang, Yijie Fan and Donglin Liu

Energies 2025, 18(18), 4866; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18184866 - 12 Sep 2025

Viewed by 307

Abstract

The critical heat flux (CHF) of minichannel heat sinks is crucial, as it helps prevent thermal safety incidents and equipment failure. However, the underlying mechanisms of CHF in minichannels remain poorly understood, and existing CHF prediction models require further refinement. This study systematically investigates the characteristics and influencing factors of critical heat flux (CHF) in rectangular minichannels through combined experimental and theoretical approaches. Experiments were conducted using microchannels with hydraulic diameters ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mm, with ethanol employed as the working fluid. Key parameters-including mass flux, channel geometry, system pressure, and inlet subcooling-were analyzed to assess their influence on CHF. Results indicate that CHF increases with mass flux; however, the increase rate diminishes under higher mass flux. Larger channel dimensions significantly enhance CHF by delaying liquid film dryout. System pressure further improves CHF by reducing bubble detachment frequency and promoting flow stability. Increased inlet subcooling enhances CHF by delaying the onset of nucleate boiling and improving convective heat transfer. Four classical CHF prediction models were evaluated, revealing significant overprediction-up to 148.69% mean absolute error (MAE)-particularly for channels with hydraulic diameters below 1.0 mm. An ANN deep learning model was developed, achieving a reduced MAE of 8.93%, with 93% of predictions falling within ±15% error. This study offers valuable insights and a robust predictive model for optimizing microchannel heat sink performance in high heat flux applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen Energy Safety Technology, 2nd Edition)

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