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Heat Transfer Optimization in Physical Processes, Thermal Systems, and Pollutant Reduction

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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J: Thermal Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 13279

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Dr. Guido Marseglia

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1. Research Department, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy
2. University of Seville (IMUS), Seville, Spain
Interests: energy conversion processes; circular economy; numerical model; sustainable buildings and infrastructures; sustainable transports; physical processes in experimental tests; heat transfer; pollutant emissions; engine efficiency; combustion process; thermal systems; alternative fuels; waste management; climate changes; smart cities
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As highlighted in the seventh Sustainable Development Goal, of the 17 SDGs defined in the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations, the development of clean and affordable energy in different areas of the world is a necessity. The heat transfer optimization in thermal systems is fundamental to obtaining more efficient and environmentally friendly solutions.

This Special Issue will collect a series of scientific articles that report important actions taken to improve aspects of thermal performance optimization and pollution reduction, which may include all energy processes as biomass conversion, waste, engines, combustion, CHP, and CCPP systems, and also the thermal comfort and the environmental impact of infrastructure and buildings. Articles are invited from all countries.

Dr. Guido Marseglia
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Thermal systems
circular economy
heat transfer
sustainable buildings and infrastructures
pollution reduction
renewable energies
thermal comfort
heat exchange

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5619 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Heat Transfer Analysis of a Co-Current Heat Exchanger with Two Rectangular Mini-Channels

by Magdalena Piasecka, Sylwia Hożejowska, Anna Pawińska and Dariusz Strąk

Energies 2022, 15(4), 1340; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15041340 - 12 Feb 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1787

Abstract

This paper presents the results of research on heat transfer during fluid flow in a heat exchanger with two rectangular mini-channels. There was Fluorinert FC-72 flow, heated by the plate in the hot mini-channel, and co-current flow of distilled water in the cold mini-channel. Both fluids were separated by the copper plate. A thermal imaging camera was used to measure the temperature distribution of the outer surface of the heated plate. The purpose of the calculations was to determine the heat transfer coefficients at the contact surfaces: the heated plate—FC-72 and FC-72—the copper plate. Two mathematical models have been proposed to describe the heat flow. In the 1D approach, only the heat flow direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction was assumed. In the 2D model, it was assumed that the temperature of the heated plate and FC-72 and the copper plate meet the appropriate energy equation, supplemented by the boundary conditions system. In this case, the Trefftz functions were used in numerical calculations. In the 1D model, the heat transfer coefficient at the interface between FC-72 and the copper plate was determined by theoretical correlations. The analysis of the results showed that the values and distributions of the heat transfer coefficient determined using both models were similar. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat Transfer Optimization in Physical Processes, Thermal Systems, and Pollutant Reduction)

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15 pages, 1243 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Topology Optimization Based Design of Space Radiator for Focal Plane Assemblies

by Xiao Shen, Haitao Han, Yancheng Li, Changxiang Yan and Deqiang Mu

Energies 2021, 14(19), 6252; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196252 - 1 Oct 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1684

Abstract

In this paper, to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of a radiator for focal plane assemblies, a topology optimization method is introduced into the design process. For the realization of the optimization, an objective of maximal thermal stiffness concerning the radiator is formulated. The topology optimization is performed under the same mass constraint of 2.05 kg as the initial design. To improve the manufacturability of topology optimization result, an inverse design is conducted to reconstruct a new model. In transient thermal simulation, the average maximal temperature on focal plane assemblies with a reconstructed radiator is 8.626 °C, while the average maximal temperature with the initial design is 9.793 °C. Compared to the initial design, a decrease of 1.167 °C on maximal temperature is achieved. As the heat dissipation efficiency of the proposed radiator design is improved compared to the initial design, it is meaningful in future applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat Transfer Optimization in Physical Processes, Thermal Systems, and Pollutant Reduction)

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21 pages, 4725 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Direct Analytical Modeling for Optimal, On-Design Performance of Ejector for Simulating Heat-Driven Systems

by Fahid Riaz, Fu Zhi Yam, Muhammad Abdul Qyyum, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, Muhammad Farooq, Poh Seng Lee and Moonyong Lee

Energies 2021, 14(10), 2819; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14102819 - 14 May 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2460

Abstract

This paper describes an ejector model for the prediction of on-design performance under available conditions. This is a direct method of calculating the optimal ejector performance (entrainment ratio or ER) without the need for iterative methods, which have been conventionally used. The values of three ejector efficiencies used to account for losses in the ejector are calculated by using a systematic approach (by employing CFD analysis) rather than the hit and trial method. Both experimental and analytical data from literature are used to validate the presented analytical model with good agreement for on-design performance. R245fa working fluid has been used for low-grade heat applications, and Engineering Equation Solver (EES) has been employed for simulating the proposed model. The presented model is suitable for integration with any thermal system model and its optimization because of its direct, non-iterative methodology. This model is a non-dimensional model and therefore requires no geometrical dimensions to be able to calculate ejector performance. The model has been validated against various experimental results, and the model is employed to generate the ejector performance curves for R245fa working fluid. In addition, system simulation results of the ejector refrigeration system (ERS) and combined cooling and power (CCP) system have been produced by using the proposed analytical model. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat Transfer Optimization in Physical Processes, Thermal Systems, and Pollutant Reduction)

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22 pages, 9494 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Numerical Simulation of the Thermally Developed Pulsatile Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid in a Constricted Channel

by Amjad Ali, Zainab Bukhari, Gullnaz Shahzadi, Zaheer Abbas and Muhammad Umar

Energies 2021, 14(9), 2410; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092410 - 23 Apr 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1600

Abstract

Heat transfer analysis of the pulsatile flow of a hybrid nanofluid through a constricted channel under the impact of a magnetic field and thermal radiation is presented. Hybrid nanofluids form a new class of nanofluids, distinguished by the thermal properties and functional utilities for improving the heat transfer rate. The behaviors of a water-based copper nanofluid and water-based copper plus a single-wall carbon nanotube, i.e., (

C u - S W C N T

/water), hybrid nanofluid over each of velocity, wall shear stress, and temperature profiles, are visualized graphically. The time-dependent governing equations of the incompressible fluid flow are transformed to the vorticity-stream function formulation and solved numerically using the finite difference method. The laminar flow simulations are carried out in 2D for simplicity as the flow profiles are assumed to vary only in the 2D plane represented by the 2D Cartesian geometry. The streamlines and vorticity contours are also shown to demonstrate the flow behviour along the channel. For comparison of the flow characteristics and heat transfer rate, the impacts of variations in Hartmann number, Strouhal number, Prandtl number, and the thermal radiation parameter are analyzed. The effects of the emerging parameters on the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also examined. The hybrid nanofluid is demonstrated to have better thermal characteristics than the traditional one. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat Transfer Optimization in Physical Processes, Thermal Systems, and Pollutant Reduction)

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16 pages, 10664 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Lorentz Force in Thermally Developed Pulsatile Micropolar Fluid Flow in a Constricted Channel

by Muhammad Umar, Amjad Ali, Zainab Bukhari, Gullnaz Shahzadi and Arshad Saleem

Energies 2021, 14(8), 2173; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14082173 - 13 Apr 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1465

Abstract

This work aimed to analyze the heat transfer of micropolar fluid flow in a constricted channel influenced by thermal radiation and the Lorentz force. A finite difference-based flow solver, on a Cartesian grid, is used for the numerical solution after transforming the governing equations into the vorticity-stream function form. The impact of various emerging parameters on the wall shear stress, axial velocity, micro-rotation velocity and temperature profiles is discussed in this paper. The temperature profile is observed to have an inciting trend towards the thermal radiation, whereas it has a declining trend towards the Hartman and Prandtl numbers. The axial velocity profile has an inciting trend towards the Hartman number, whereas it has a declining trend towards the micropolar parameter and Reynolds number. The micro-rotation velocity escalates with the micropolar parameter and Hartman number, whereas it de-escalates with the Reynolds number. The Nusselt number is observed to have a direct relationship with the Prandtl and Reynolds numbers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat Transfer Optimization in Physical Processes, Thermal Systems, and Pollutant Reduction)

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18 pages, 4770 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thermofluid Characterization of Nanofluid Spray Cooling Combining Phase Doppler Interferometry with High-Speed Visualization and Time-Resolved IR Thermography

by Miguel Figueiredo, Guido Marseglia, Ana S. Moita, Miguel R. O. Panão, Ana P. C. Ribeiro, Carlo M. Medaglia and António L. N. Moreira

Energies 2020, 13(22), 5864; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13225864 - 10 Nov 2020

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3033

Abstract

Spray impingement on smooth and heated surfaces is a highly complex thermofluid phenomenon present in several engineering applications. The combination of phase Doppler interferometry, high-speed visualization, and time-resolved infrared thermography allows characterizing the heat transfer and fluid dynamics involved. Particular emphasis is given to the use of nanofluids in sprays due to their potential to enhance the heat transfer mechanisms. The results for low nanoparticle concentrations (up to 1 wt.%) show that the surfactant added to water, required to stabilize the nanofluids and minimize particle clustering, affects the spray’s main characteristics. Namely, the surfactant decreases the liquid surface tension leading to a larger wetted area and wettability, promoting heat transfer between the surface and the liquid film. However, since lower surface tension also tends to enhance splash near the edges of the wetted area, the gold nanospheres act to lessen such disturbances due to an increase of the solutions’ viscosity, thus increasing the heat flux removed from the spray slightly. The experimental results obtained from this work demonstrate that the maximum heat convection coefficients evaluated for the nanofluids can be 9.8% to 21.9% higher than those obtained with the base fluid and 11.5% to 38.8% higher when compared with those obtained with DI water. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heat Transfer Optimization in Physical Processes, Thermal Systems, and Pollutant Reduction)

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