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Piezoelectric Materials

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D1: Advanced Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2019) | Viewed by 22067

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jae-Hyeon Ko

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwondo 24252, Republic of Korea
Interests: ferroelectrics; relaxor; piezoelectrics; phase transition; spectroscopy; piezoelectric; ferroelectric and dielectric materials
Prof. Dr. Sang-Don Bu

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Korea
Interests: ferroelectrics; piezoelectrics; nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Efficient energy conversion materials have attracted great attention from an environmentally friendly point of view, especially in 21th century. Piezoelectric materials have a wide range of applications, for example, as ultrasonic transducers, actuators, pressure sensors, surface acoustic wave sensors, just to name a few.  They are one of the key energy materials which can be used to carry out the conversion from mechanical energy to electric energy. Piezoelectric energy harvesting is one of the central issues in this field. To increase the conversion efficiency, it is necessary to acquire more fundamental insights into the microscopic origin of superior piezoelectric performances and the ferroelectric–ferroelastic phase transition behaviors. Moreover, the material design for an efficient lead-free piezoelectric system, the efficient coupling of different-order parameters in multiferroics, and the nano-scale engineering of piezo-devices are other hot issues in this field. This Special Issue aims at encouraging researchers to describe the recent state-of-the-art developments and their achievements in these topics.

Prof. Jae-Hyeon Ko
Prof. Sang-Don Bu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Piezoelectric Materials
  • Ferroelectrics
  • Ferroelectric Relaxor
  • Lead-free Materials
  • Multiferroics
  • Phase Transition

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 6434 KiB  
Article
A Feasibility Study of Fabrication of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters on Commercially Available Aluminum Foil
by Chongsei Yoon, Buil Jeon and Giwan Yoon
Energies 2019, 12(14), 2797; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12142797 - 20 Jul 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3222
Abstract
In this paper, we present zinc oxide (ZnO)-based flexible harvesting devices employing commercially available, cost-effective thin aluminum (Al) foils as substrates and conductive bottom electrodes. From the device fabrication point of view, Al-foils have a relatively high melting point, allowing for device processing [...] Read more.
In this paper, we present zinc oxide (ZnO)-based flexible harvesting devices employing commercially available, cost-effective thin aluminum (Al) foils as substrates and conductive bottom electrodes. From the device fabrication point of view, Al-foils have a relatively high melting point, allowing for device processing and annealing treatments at elevated temperatures, which flexible plastic substrate materials cannot sustain because of their relatively low melting temperatures. Moreover, Al-foil is a highly cost-effective, commercially available material. In this work, we fabricated and characterized various kinds of multilayered thin-film energy harvesting devices, employing Al-foils in order to verify their device performance. The fabricated devices exhibited peak-to-peak output voltages ranging from 0.025 V to 0.140 V. These results suggest that it is feasible to employ Al-foils to fabricate energy-efficient energy harvesting devices at relatively high temperatures. It is anticipated that with further process optimization and device integration, device performance can be further improved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric Materials)
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16 pages, 4121 KiB  
Article
Performance Enhancement of a Multiresonant Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Low Frequency Vibrations
by Iman Izadgoshasb, Yee Yan Lim, Ricardo Vasquez Padilla, Mohammadreza Sedighi and Jeremy Paul Novak
Energies 2019, 12(14), 2770; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12142770 - 19 Jul 2019
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 5644
Abstract
Harvesting electricity from low frequency vibration sources such as human motions using piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) is attracting the attention of many researchers in recent years. The energy harvested can potentially power portable electronic devices as well as some medical devices without the [...] Read more.
Harvesting electricity from low frequency vibration sources such as human motions using piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEH) is attracting the attention of many researchers in recent years. The energy harvested can potentially power portable electronic devices as well as some medical devices without the need of an external power source. For this purpose, the piezoelectric patch is often mechanically attached to a cantilever beam, such that the resonance frequency is predominantly governed by the cantilever beam. To increase the power generated from vibration sources with varying frequency, a multiresonant PEH (MRPEH) is often used. In this study, an attempt is made to enhance the performance of MRPEH with the use of a cantilever beam of optimised shape, i.e., a cantilever beam with two triangular branches. The performance is further enhanced through optimising the design of the proposed MRPEH to suit the frequency range of the targeted vibration source. A series of parametric studies were first carried out using finite-element analysis to provide in-depth understanding of the effect of each design parameters on the power output at a low frequency vibration. Selected outcomes were then experimentally verified. An optimised design was finally proposed. The results demonstrate that, with the use of a properly designed MRPEH, broadband energy harvesting is achievable and the efficiency of the PEH system can be significantly increased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric Materials)
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11 pages, 2552 KiB  
Article
Study of Sensitive Parameters on the Sensor Performance of a Compression-Type Piezoelectric Accelerometer Based on the Meta-Model
by Gyoung-Ja Lee, Won-Ju Hwang, Jin-Ju Park and Min-Ku Lee
Energies 2019, 12(7), 1381; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071381 - 10 Apr 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 6230
Abstract
Through a numerical analytical approach based on piezoelectric analysis and meta-modeling, this study investigated the effect of the component design of an accelerometer sensor on sensitivity and resonance frequency. The results of the study confirmed that the resonance frequency obtained from the piezoelectric [...] Read more.
Through a numerical analytical approach based on piezoelectric analysis and meta-modeling, this study investigated the effect of the component design of an accelerometer sensor on sensitivity and resonance frequency. The results of the study confirmed that the resonance frequency obtained from the piezoelectric analysis was almost the same as the experimental value of the resonance frequency obtained from the fabricated sensing module and proved the validity of the piezoelectric analysis using a finite element method. Moreover, the results of examining the influence of the component design on the resonance frequency and electrical potential suggested that the diameter and height of the head (seismic mass) had the greatest influence. As the diameter and height of the head increased, the sensitivity increased, but the resonance frequency decreased, which indicates that it is necessary to select an appropriate mass to optimize the sensor performance. In addition, the increase in tail height and epoxy thickness had a positive effect on both the resonance frequency and electric potential, and the base diameter had a negative effect on both of them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric Materials)
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10 pages, 2644 KiB  
Article
Co-Doping Effect of BiGaO3 and (Bi,Na,K,Li)ZrO3 on Multi-Phase Structure and Piezoelectric Properties of (K,Na)NbO3 Lead-Free Ceramics
by Min-Ku Lee, Sang-Don Bu and Gyoung-Ja Lee
Energies 2019, 12(5), 886; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12050886 - 7 Mar 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2771
Abstract
The phase boundary structure of (K,Na)NbO3 piezoelectric ceramic was modified by doping with Bi(Na,K,Li)ZrO3 and BiGaO3 through normal solid-state sintering. Rietveld refinements by X-ray diffraction revealed that the Bi(Na,K,Li)ZrO3/BiGaO3 co-doping in (K,Na)NbO3 led to a multi-phase [...] Read more.
The phase boundary structure of (K,Na)NbO3 piezoelectric ceramic was modified by doping with Bi(Na,K,Li)ZrO3 and BiGaO3 through normal solid-state sintering. Rietveld refinements by X-ray diffraction revealed that the Bi(Na,K,Li)ZrO3/BiGaO3 co-doping in (K,Na)NbO3 led to a multi-phase structure at room-temperature, effectively moving the rhombohedral-orthorhombic (R-O) and orthorhombic-tetragonal (O-T) polymorphic phase transition temperatures close to the room temperature region. Increased levels of doping also generated a structural transition, i.e., triphasic R-O-T to diphasic R-T (T-rich) and finally to R-T (R-rich), contributing to shrinkage of the O phase as well as the increase of R phase fraction. A sensitive influence of the BiGaO3 doping (0.001 mole fraction level) on the structural properties such as the phase and microstructure was shown, resulting from the effect of the super-tetragonal structure of BiGaO3. The d33 property was strongly dependent on the phase and its volume fraction, in addition to the grain sizes. Eventually, enhanced and balanced properties of the piezoelectric coefficient and Curie temperature (d33 = 309 pC/N, TC = 343 °C) were obtained when the doped ceramic had a T-rich (86%) R-T structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric Materials)
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20 pages, 4189 KiB  
Article
The Piezoelectric Phenomenon in Energy Harvesting Scenarios: A Theoretical Study of Viable Applications in Unbalanced Rotor Systems
by Adolfo Dannier, Gianluca Brando and Francesca Nikita Ruggiero
Energies 2019, 12(4), 708; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12040708 - 21 Feb 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3273
Abstract
The present paper deals with the promising energy harvesting applications of a composite piezoelectric metal support that is properly designed for the rotor of a mechanical system. The aim is to determine whether the vibrational power coming from the static residual imbalance, which [...] Read more.
The present paper deals with the promising energy harvesting applications of a composite piezoelectric metal support that is properly designed for the rotor of a mechanical system. The aim is to determine whether the vibrational power coming from the static residual imbalance, which is generally considered to be an undesired and useless side-effect of the rotation, can be converted into electric power and then stored to be used in other applications. The analysis, starting from the Jeffcott rotor model and the piezoelectric constitutive equations, has been carried out by developing an approximated linear model of a piezoelectric support, in order to theoretically evaluate the performance and the feasibility of the proposed system. The accuracy of the exploited analytical model has been validated for both static and dynamic operations by 3D Ansys® Mechanical APDL. Finally, a MatLab®/Simulink® model has been built to simulate the electric behavior of the piezoelectric material, and to estimate the power that it is possible to extract via an alternative/direct current converter (AC/DC converter). The numerical results achieved confirm the effectiveness of the proposed energy-harvesting system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric Materials)
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