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Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Nonequilibrium Dynamics and Statistical Theory in Plasmas Physics

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A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Statistical Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2024) | Viewed by 2763

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eun-jin Kim

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Guest Editor

Centre for Fluids and Complex Systems, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 2TT, UK
Interests: fluid dynamics; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); plasma physics; self-organisation; non-equilibrium statistical mechanics; turbulence; solar/stellar physics; magnetic fusion; information theory; homeostasis in biosystems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Geert Verdoolaege

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Guest Editor

Research Unit Nuclear Fusion, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
Interests: probability theory; Bayesian inference; machine learning; information geometry; differential geometry; nuclear fusion; plasma physics; plasma turbulence; continuum mechanics; statistical mechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plasmas in nature and laboratories are often strongly nonlinear, far from equilibrium. With the ability to be excited on a broad range of scales, numerous instabilities cause anomalous transport, events of large amplitude or intermittency. In fact, plasmas found in laboratories (e.g., magnetically confinement fusion) and nature (e.g., the Sun, stars) constitute an example of nonequilibrium systems wherein multiple scales are excited and interact with each other in a complex way, a proper description of which has always been a challenge in many disciplines.

This Special Issue aims to present different approaches to this challenging problem in plasmas by going beyond equilibrium statistical mechanics. Submissions reporting recent developments in theory, numerical simulations and experiments are especially welcome.

Dr. Eun-jin Kim
Prof. Dr. Geert Verdoolaege
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

plasmas
nuclear fusion
plasma turbulence
plasma transport
plasma physics
plasma simulations
plasma experiments
non-extensive statistical mechanics
anomalous transport
q-entropy
information theory
nonequilibrium statistics
Kullback-Leibler divergence
information length
differential geometry
self-organisation
fractional calculus
solar flares
stellar flares
transfer entropy
probability distribution
probability theory
extreme principle
entropy production
avalanches
machine learning
Bayesian statistics
continuum mechanics
information geometry
intermittency

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 589 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Information Length Concept Applied to Plasma Turbulence

by Johan Anderson, Kenji Imadera, Sara Moradi and Tariq Rafiq

Entropy 2024, 26(6), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/e26060494 - 5 Jun 2024

Viewed by 893

Abstract

A methodology to study statistical properties of anomalous transport in fusion plasma is investigated. Three time traces generated by the full-f gyrokinetic code GKNET are analyzed for this purpose. The time traces consist of heat flux as a function of the radial position, which is studied in a novel manner using statistical methods. The simulation data exhibit transport processes with both medium and long correlation length along the radius. A typical example of a phenomenon with long correlation length is avalanches. In order to investigate the evolution of the turbulent state, two basic configurations are studied, one flux-driven and one gradient-driven with decaying turbulence. The information length concept in tandem with Boltzmann–Gibbs and Tsallis entropy is used in the investigation. It is found that the dynamical states in both flux-driven and gradient-driven cases are surprisingly similar, but the Tsallis entropy reveals differences between them. This indicates that the types of probability distribution function are nevertheless quite different since the higher moments are significantly different. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Nonequilibrium Dynamics and Statistical Theory in Plasmas Physics)

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21 pages, 55090 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Stochastic Dynamics of Fusion Low-to-High Confinement Mode (L-H) Transition: Correlation and Causal Analyses Using Information Geometry

by Eun-Jin Kim and Abhiram Anand Thiruthummal

Entropy 2024, 26(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/e26010017 - 22 Dec 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1177

Abstract

We investigate the stochastic dynamics of the prey–predator model of the Low-to-High confinement mode (L-H) transition in magnetically confined fusion plasmas. By considering stochastic noise in the turbulence and zonal flows as well as constant and time-varying input power Q, we perform multiple stochastic simulations of over a million trajectories using GPU computing. Due to stochastic noise, some trajectories undergo the L-H transition while others do not, leading to a mixture of H-mode and dithering at a given time and/or input power. One of the consequences of this is that H-mode characteristics appear at a smaller input power

Q < Q_{c}

(where

Q_{c}

is the critical value for the L-H transition in the deterministic system) as a secondary peak of a probability density function (PDF) while dithering characteristics persists beyond the power threshold for

Q > Q_{c}

as a second peak. The coexisting H-mode and dithering near

Q = Q_{c}

leads to a prominent bimodal PDF with a gradual L-H transition rather than a sudden transition at

Q = Q_{c}

and uncertainty in the input power. Also, a time-dependent input power leads to increased variability (dispersion) in stochastic trajectories and a more prominent bimodal PDF. We provide an interpretation of the results using information geometry to elucidate self-regulation between zonal flows, turbulence, and information causality rate to unravel causal relations involved in the L-H transition. Full article