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Fermentation
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Bioresources and Bioenergies Production from Microalgae by Fermentation Technology
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Bioresources and Bioenergies Production from Microalgae by Fermentation Technology

A special issue of Fermentation (ISSN 2311-5637). This special issue belongs to the section "Industrial Fermentation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 5918

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hongli Zheng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
MOE Biomass Energy Research Center and College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 East Nanjing Road, Nanchang 330047, China
Interests: food biotechnology; enzyme engineering; value-added utilization of food processing byproducts; eco-friendly food
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Qian Lu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
Interests: fermentation; byproducts; biodiesel; algal metabolism; inter-metabolite; aquaculture; animal feed; biomass

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid increase of global population is accompanied by energy crisis, food shortage, malnutrition, and environmental pollution. Solutions to the aforementioned problems are of importance to the sustainable development of human society. Microalgae, a group of unicellular microorganisms widely spread worldwide, are enriched with lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, and natural pigments. Due to their robustness, high productivity, and high-value components, microalgae, which have the potential to provide various bioresources and bioenergies, are emerging into the limelight.

In recent years, fermentation technologies have been intensively employed to produce microalgae-based bioresources and bioenergies. Compared to traditional algae culture, fermentation has great advantages in process management, metabolite control, and cost reduction. To our knowledge, at present, the screening of high-value microalgal strains, the innovation of fermentation technologies, and the utilization of low-cost fermentation substrate, as well as the environmental analysis of the fermentation process, which are pivotal for the further industrialization of microalgae-based bioresources and bioenergies, have gained considerable importance.

High-value microalgal strains with high tolerance to harsh environments are screened to produce the feedstock for biofuel and other bioproducts, such as animal feeds, food ingredients, additives, and so on. Particularly, researchers are exploring the use of genetic techniques to regulate the intracellular metabolisms of microalgae for the high accumulation of high-value components in algal cells. Additionally, through fermentation, some microalgal strains are capable of directly producing bio-hydrogen and bio-methane.

In addition to algal strains screening, innovative fermentation technologies such as fermentation bioreactor improvement, artificial intelligence monitoring, and fermentation procedure design are developed to enhance the production of microalgae-based bioresources and bioenergies. It is noteworthy that the utilization of low-cost substrates for microalgae fermentation also attracts the attention of many researchers. It was discovered that with the use of manure, wastewater, glycerol, and molasses as fermentation substrates, the total cost of microalgae biomass can be reduced properly. Accordingly, microalgae-based bioresources and bioenergies can be more affordable for consumers.

Environmental analysis of the production of bioresources and bioenergies by microalgae fermentation provides policy-makers with theoretical assessment and prospect forecast, promoting the practical application of microalgae-based bioresources and bioenergies to solve energy and climate crises.

This Special Issue comprises studies focusing on the technological innovation, process management, cost control, and environmental impact of the bioresources and bioenergies production from microalgae by fermentation technology.

Dr. Hongli Zheng
Dr. Qian Lu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fermentation is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microalgae
  • heterotrophic cultivation
  • mixotrophic cultivation
  • fermentation
  • bioprocesses
  • biomass
  • bioproduct
  • nutrient recycling
  • metabolism
  • environmental analysis

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 1995 KiB  
Article
Impact of Thermo-Mechanical Pretreatment of Sargassum muticum on Anaerobic Co-Digestion with Wheat Straw
by Miriam Hütter, Gregor Sailer, Benedikt Hülsemann, Joachim Müller and Jens Poetsch
Fermentation 2023, 9(9), 820; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9090820 - 8 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1181
Abstract
Sargassum muticum (SM) is an invasive macroalgal species seasonally occurring in large quantities. While generally suitable for anaerobic digestion, recent studies resulted in low specific methane yields (SMYs), presumably due to salt, polyphenol, and high fiber contents of this marine biomass. In this [...] Read more.
Sargassum muticum (SM) is an invasive macroalgal species seasonally occurring in large quantities. While generally suitable for anaerobic digestion, recent studies resulted in low specific methane yields (SMYs), presumably due to salt, polyphenol, and high fiber contents of this marine biomass. In this study, the specific biogas yield (SBY) and SMY of SM alone as well as in co-digestion with wheat straw (WS) were investigated in batch tests at process temperatures of 44 ± 1.4 °C with a retention time of approx. 40 d. The pretreatment variants of SM were examined with regard to desalination and disintegration to potentially improve digestibility and to enhance the overall performance in anaerobic digestion. A sole mechanical treatment (pressing) and a thermo-mechanical treatment (heating and pressing) were tested. Batch assays showed that pressing increased the SMY by 15.1% whereas heating and pressing decreased the SMY by 15.7% compared to the untreated variant (87.64 ± 8.72 mL/gVS). Both anaerobic digestion experiments generally showed that co-digestion with WS can be recommended for SM, but the observed SBY and SMY were still similar to those of other studies in which SM was not pretreated. The mechanical pretreatment of SM, however, offers the potential to enhance the SMY in the anaerobic digestion of SM with WS, but further research is necessary to identify the optimum upgrading approaches since the overall SMY of SM is relatively low compared to other substrates that are commonly used in anaerobic digestion. In addition to anaerobic digestion, SM as an already available biomass could also be of interest for further utilization approaches such as fiber production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioresources and Bioenergies Production from Microalgae by Fermentation Technology)
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15 pages, 1665 KiB  
Article
Effects of High Temperature & Pressure Pretreatment Process on Methane Production from Cyanobacteria
by Murat Şahan, Mona Fardinpoor, Vedat Yılmaz, Fatih Yılmaz and N. Altınay Perendeci
Fermentation 2023, 9(3), 240; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9030240 - 1 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1747
Abstract
In this study, Desertifilum tharense cyanobacteria, which has energy generation potential, was firstly isolated from the water sources from Denizli/Turkey, the culture-specific parameters were identified, characterization analyses were performed, and the production in photoreactors under laboratory conditions was performed. D. tharense cyanobacterium was [...] Read more.
In this study, Desertifilum tharense cyanobacteria, which has energy generation potential, was firstly isolated from the water sources from Denizli/Turkey, the culture-specific parameters were identified, characterization analyses were performed, and the production in photoreactors under laboratory conditions was performed. D. tharense cyanobacterium was subjected to a high temperature–pressure pretreatment process (HTPP) to increase methane production efficiency, and the pretreatment process was optimized for methane production. D. tharense had a total carbon (C) content of 50.2% and total organic carbon content (TOC) of 48.9%. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the raw D. tharense sample was measured as 261.8 mL methane (CH4) per gram of volatile solids (VS). In order to investigate the effects of HTPP and to determine the optimum process conditions, Central Composite Design (CCD) approach-based Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used. BMP values of the samples treated with HTTP were measured in the range of 201.5–235 mLCH4 gVS−1 and lower than the raw sample. These results revealed that the HTPP is not suitable for the production of biofuel methane from D. tharense. The optimization of the HTPP was carried out by Design Expert software. For maximum BMP production, the software proposed a reaction temperature of 200 °C and a reaction time of 20 min as optimum conditions. With the proposed model, it was estimated that 227.1 mLCH4 g VS−1 methane could be produced under these conditions, and 211.4 mLCH4 g VS−1 methane was produced in the validation experiment. It was determined that D. tharense cyanobacterium could be used as a suitable biomass source for methane production. However, it was not necessary to use the HTTP as a pretreatment process prior to the methane production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioresources and Bioenergies Production from Microalgae by Fermentation Technology)
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13 pages, 1113 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Docosahexaenoic Acid Production of Isochrysis galbana from Starch-Rich Food Processing Byproducts
by Fengru Ge, Kunyan Song, Zixiang Yang, Jinmeng Li, Feng Yan, Mengyan Zhang, Binbin Huang, Guiming Fu and Hongli Zheng
Fermentation 2023, 9(2), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9020158 - 6 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2045
Abstract
Leftover dough, a byproduct in steamed bread processing, is rich in starch, which is a carbohydrate source for microorganisms. Carbon and nitrogen are the two most abundant nutrients in the medium of Isochrysis galbana. In this study, the leftover dough hydrolysates were [...] Read more.
Leftover dough, a byproduct in steamed bread processing, is rich in starch, which is a carbohydrate source for microorganisms. Carbon and nitrogen are the two most abundant nutrients in the medium of Isochrysis galbana. In this study, the leftover dough hydrolysates were used as carbon resources for the cultivation of Isochrysis galbana for docosahexaenoic acid production under different NaNO3 concentrations. The results showed that hydrolysates and NaNO3 concentration affected cell growth and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) accumulation significantly. The maximum biomass concentration of 4.18 g L−1 and maximum DHA yield of 341.3 mg L−1 were obtained with 50.0 mL L−1 hydrolysates. The DHA yield of Isochrysis galbana with 300.0 mg L−1 NaNO3 was 8.9-fold higher than that of the control. The results showed that the DHA production of Isochrysis galbana from starch-rich food processing byproducts was enhanced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioresources and Bioenergies Production from Microalgae by Fermentation Technology)
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