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Physiological, Biochemical and Morphological Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to...
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Physiological, Biochemical and Morphological Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to the External Environment

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Forest Meteorology and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 24 April 2025 | Viewed by 3580

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Eun Ju Cheong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Forest and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
Interests: tissue culture; plant biotechnology; somatic embryogenesis; plant physiology; plant biology; cell culture; PCR; micropropagation; in vitro culture; callus culture; organogenesis; explant culture; callus induction; forest biotechnology; lant tissue culture; agricultural biotechnology; plant breeding; transgenics; plant genetics; plant development; plant DNA extraction; genetic engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

The Special Issue of the journal focuses on the study of physiological, biochemical, and morphological adaptation characteristics of woody plants to their external environment. It highlights the critical role that these adaptations play in determining the survival, growth, and productivity of woody plants. The articles in the Special Issue present new insights into the ways in which woody plants respond to various environmental factors, such as temperature, water availability, light exposure, and soil nutrient levels.

The Special Issue covers several examples of morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes related to woody plant adaptation to their environment. For instance, it discusses the mechanisms by which woody plants regulate their water balance and use, including the regulation of stomatal opening, root growth, and the distribution of water-transporting tissues within the plant.

The Special Issue also delves into the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie these adaptations. It explores the role of specific enzymes, hormones, and metabolic pathways in the regulation of growth and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. The authors also discuss how changes in the genetic makeup of woody plants can result in enhanced adaptation to specific environments, which can be beneficial for the development of more resilient plants.

Overall, the articles in the Special Issue provide a comprehensive overview of the morphological and physiological adaptations of woody plants to their external environment and highlight the complex interplay between environmental factors and plant growth and development. 

The study of the physiological and biochemical adaptation of woody plants to the environment has a long history dating back to the earliest days of plant science. Advances in molecular biology and biochemical techniques have revolutionized plant physiology, allowing for a deeper understanding of plant adaptation, including the molecular mechanisms, plant hormones, and physiological responses to environmental stress such as drought, heat, and heavy metals. Research in this field is crucial for understanding plant growth and survival and developing sustainable cultivation and land management strategies.

The aim of this Special Issue on ‘Physiological and Biochemical Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to the External Environment’ is to bring together the latest research and perspectives on this important area of plant science. This Special Issue aims to bring together researchers from diverse disciplines, including plant physiology, molecular biology, ecology, and environmental science, to present cutting-edge research and to highlight the latest advances in this field. The goal of this Special Issue is to promote interdisciplinary collaboration and to further our understanding of the complex relationships between woody plants and the external environment.

Some of the cutting-edge research areas in the field of ‘Physiological and Biochemical Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to the External Environment’ include:

The molecular and genetic basis of plant adaptation to environmental stress.

The role of epigenetics in plant adaptation.

The study of plant water relations and photosynthesis in relation to environmental stress.

The impact of global environmental changes on plant adaptation.

The development of novel technologies and methodologies for studying plant adaptation.

A Special Issue on ‘Physiological and Biochemical Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to the External Environment’ would typically solicit papers in the following areas:

Original research articles.

Review articles that provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the field.

Perspectives and opinion pieces that provide insights into the future directions of the field.

Case studies and empirical research that explore the physiological and biochemical responses of specific species of woody plants to environmental stress, and the implications of these responses for plant growth and survival.

Methodology papers that describe novel techniques for studying plant adaptation.

Prof. Dr. Eun Ju Cheong
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • woody plants
  • physiological adaptation
  • biochemical adaptation
  • morphological adaptation
  • environmental stress
  • drought
  • heat
  • carbon dioxide

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6021 KiB  
Article
Identifying Superior Growth and Photosynthetic Traits in Eighteen Oak Varieties for Southwest China
by Zengzhen Qi, Xiang Huang, Yang Peng, Hongyi Wu, Zhenfeng Xu, Bo Tan, Yu Zhong, Peng Zhu, Wei Gong, Gang Chen, Xiaohong Chen and Wenkai Hui
Forests 2024, 15(11), 2006; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15112006 - 14 Nov 2024
Viewed by 552
Abstract
Quercus, commonly known as oak, has great potential as one of the most widely cultivated plant species. However, the lack of superior varieties is a bottleneck for its usage and application in Southwest China. Here, this study aims to explore the growth [...] Read more.
Quercus, commonly known as oak, has great potential as one of the most widely cultivated plant species. However, the lack of superior varieties is a bottleneck for its usage and application in Southwest China. Here, this study aims to explore the growth and photosynthetic traits of 18 oak varieties with the goal of identifying the adaptable superior varieties for the region, focusing on nutrient growth, leaf morphology, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic parameters over a 32-week growth period. The results showed that a significant diversity was observed among the varieties. Growth rhythm and fitted curves divided the 18 oak varieties into three patterns. Additionally, for the leaf morphological parameters, Q. denta boasted the maximum leaf area (167.24 cm2), leaf width (13.62 cm), and leaf aspect ratio (156.6); Q. mongo showed the greatest leaf length (20.37 cm); while Q. acutis had the largest leaf form factor (3.44) and leaf gap (0.39). Chlorophyll content was based on three-time-points investigation, with higher levels observed in Q. mongo, Q. robur 4, Q. wutai, Q. denta, Q. acutis, and Q. robur 1. The transpiration rate (E) (5.03 mmol m−2), stomatal conductance (gsw) (0.22 mol m−2 s−1), and total water vapor conductance (gtw) (0.19 mol m−2 s−1) were dominantly obtained in Q. robur 1, while Q. denta exhibited the highest intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) (564.67 µmol mol−1). Conversely, Q. wutai displayed a significantly higher leaf chamber CO2 concentration (Ca) (502.11 µmol mol−1). Furthermore, growth traits showed a correlation with leaf morphological and photosynthetic traits. PCA analysis grouped the oak varieties into five clusters, with Q. acutis, Q. robur 1, Q. palus 3, Q. denta, Q. nutta, Q. mongo, and Q. wutai identified as superior varieties. These findings not only offer promising oak candidate varieties for Southwest China, but also provide insights for establishing efficient breeding program for other woody plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological, Biochemical and Morphological Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to the External Environment)
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17 pages, 9467 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Changes in Endogenous Substances in Flowering Organs of Camellia drupifera during the Flowering Stage
by Zhen Liu, Jialu Tao, Chunhua Ma, Mengling Wen, Ruchun Xi and Xiaomei Deng
Forests 2024, 15(8), 1391; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081391 - 9 Aug 2024
Viewed by 911
Abstract
Camellia drupifera is an important woody oil plant in South China, renowned for its seed oil that is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and possesses significant antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immune-enhancing properties. The low fruit-setting rate of C. drupifera is influenced by multiple factors, [...] Read more.
Camellia drupifera is an important woody oil plant in South China, renowned for its seed oil that is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and possesses significant antioxidant, anti-cancer, and immune-enhancing properties. The low fruit-setting rate of C. drupifera is influenced by multiple factors, including flowering stage climate, flowering habits, pollination biology, soil conditions, and self-incompatibility. Among these, large-scale pure forest plantations are the primary cause of the low fruit-setting rate. Although previous studies have explored the impact of self-incompatibility on fruit-setting in C. drupifera, research on the dynamic changes of endogenous substances during the flowering stage in pure forest environments remains limited. Research findings indicate that tannase activity is relatively high in the pistils of C. drupifera, creating a favorable environment for pollen tube growth. Plant hormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), cytokinin (CTK), gibberellin (GA), and ethylene (ETH) regulate the development and aging of floral organs through complex interactions. Specifically, high levels of IAA in the pistil promote pollen tube growth, while changes in ETH and ABA are closely related to the aging of floral organs. Under oxidative stress conditions, high levels of H2O2 in the pistil may contribute to self-incompatibility. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the floral organs during the flowering stage is significantly higher compared to peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), highlighting the critical role of SOD in regulating oxidative stress during this stage. This study provides new insights into the changes in endogenous substances in the floral organs of C. drupifera during the flowering stage. It offers theoretical references for understanding its sexual reproduction process and for the application of plant growth regulators to improve fruit setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological, Biochemical and Morphological Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to the External Environment)
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18 pages, 3191 KiB  
Article
Waterlogging Hardening Effect on Transplant Stress Tolerance in Pinus densiflora
by Siyeon Byeon, Seohyun Kim, Jeonghyun Hong, Tae Kyung Kim, Woojin Huh, Kunhyo Kim, Minsu Lee, Hojin Lee, Sukyung Kim, Chanoh Park, Narayan Bhusal, Ah Reum Han, Umashankar Chandrasekaran and Hyun Seok Kim
Forests 2024, 15(3), 445; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15030445 - 26 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1234
Abstract
Waterlogging induces oxidative damage by accumulation of reactive oxygen species due to stomatal closure. Plants alter their physiological and molecular mechanisms to reduce and adapt to oxidative stress. This mechanism of adaptation to stress, known as hardening, can support future stress tolerance. Pinus [...] Read more.
Waterlogging induces oxidative damage by accumulation of reactive oxygen species due to stomatal closure. Plants alter their physiological and molecular mechanisms to reduce and adapt to oxidative stress. This mechanism of adaptation to stress, known as hardening, can support future stress tolerance. Pinus densiflora seedlings were grown under waterlogging treatment for three years and then transplanted to another site to identify the waterlogging hardening effect on transplanting. Transcriptome analysis was conducted before and after transplanting, and physiological factors were measured after transplanting. After transplanting, wounding stress is the main cause of transplant stress, and 13 genes related to phenylpropanoid were upregulated for the recovery of wounded roots in waterlogged hardened seedlings. The leaf starch and soluble sugar content of the waterlogged hardened seedlings were 50.3% and 40.5% lower due to the formation of cell walls. However, auxin-related genes were downregulated in waterlogging hardened seedlings, resulting in a lower tendency for height growth in hardened waterlogged seedlings. Waterlogging hardening mitigated transplant stress by wounding more than non-hardening, whereas waterlogging hardening may negatively affect seedling height. Our study provides evidence for the hardening effect of long-term waterlogging on transplanted P. densiflora seedlings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological, Biochemical and Morphological Adaptation Characteristics of Woody Plants to the External Environment)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Investigation of growth and photosynthetic traits across eighteen oak varieties to identify superior varieties for southwest China
Authors: Zengzhen Qi; Xiang Huang; Yang Peng; Hongyi Wu; Zhenfeng Xu; Bo Tan; Yu Zhong; Peng Zhu; Wei Gong; Gang Chen; Xiaohong Chen; Wenkai Hui
Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Abstract: Quercus, commonly known as oak, has great potential as one of the most widely plants. However, the lack of superior varieties is a bottleneck for its usage and application in Southwest China. Here, this study aims to explore the growth and photosynthetic traits of 18 oak varieties with the goal of identifying the adaptable superior varieties for the region, focusing on nutrient growth, leaf morphology, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic parameters over a 32-week growth period. The results showed that a significant diversity was observed among the varieties. Growth rhythm and fitted curves can divided the 18 oak varieties into three patterns. Additionally, for the leaf morphological parameters, Qd boasted the maximum leaf area, leaf width, and leaf aspect ratio, Qm showed the greatest leaf length, while Qa had the largest leaf form factor and leaf gap. Chlorophyll content was based on three time-points investigation, with higher level observed in Qm, Qr4, Qw, Qd, Qa, and Qr1.The transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gsw) and total water vapor conductance (gtw) were dominantly obtained in Qr1, while Qd exhibited the highest intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). Conversely, Qw displayed a significantly higher leaf chamber CO2 concentration (Ca).Furthermore, growth traits showed the similar correlation with leaf morphological and photosynthetic traits. PCA analysis grouped the oak varieties into five clusters, Qa, Qr1, Qp3, Qd, Qn, Qm and Qw identified as superior varieties. These findings not only offer promising oak candidate varieties for Southwest China, but also provide insights for establishing efficient breeding program for other woody plants.

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