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Forests
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Phenomenon of Wood Colour
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Phenomenon of Wood Colour

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Wood Science and Forest Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 August 2024 | Viewed by 1396

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Richard Hrčka

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Guest Editor
Department of Wood Sciences, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovak Republic
Interests: properties and structure of wood; processing of wood
Dr. Magdalena Broda

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Wood Science and Thermal Techniques, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Interests: wood structure; wood composition; wood characterisation; wood conservation; wood preservation; waterlogged archaeological wood; structure–function relationships; wood decay; organosilicons in wood conservation; wood modification
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vlastimil Borůvka

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Guest Editor
Department of Wood Processing and Biomaterials, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic
Interests: wood characterisation; wood structure and properties (mechanical testing, physical testing); wood modification; wood quality; wood-based materials (generally lignocellulosic materials, primarily wood-fiber boards-manufacturing process, development and properties); creep of wood and wood based materials; wood processing; recycling technologies; impact of silvicultural measures; wood (forest) sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The perception of wood character includes its colour. The effects exerted on wood by surroundings through the surface, intensive heat transport through the surface or transforming energy for breaking chemical bonds of wood compounds significantly influence wood colour. Clarification of wood colour alteration mechanisms during such processes is desirable. The intelligent processing and use of wood requires the understanding of wood properties, including colour. The quality of wood is often linked to its colour. The final decision of customers is influenced by the colour of wood products. Wood products are modified with non-transparent coatings or transparent lacquers. The colour of wood is determined by observers using eyes or various devices. The correlation of colour with wood properties is an efficient tool in measurement methods. The colour design partially forms the wood texture. The assembling of pieces of wood into the final product, according to its texture, brings the challenges for designers or scholars to create smart, stable or added-value products.

We encourage experimental or theoretical studies to be incorporated into this systematic collection of information about wood colour, description of wood colour in phrased or digital form, measurement of wood colour, statistical approaches regarding wood colour, correlation of wood colour with properties of wood, wood colour during and after the interaction of wood with various forms of energy, the processes of forming new wood surfaces or their restoration, the colour of wood as a non-homogeneous, anisotropic and porous material, the reflectance and transmittance of wood, the wood colour under different illuminance, the colour of wood compounds, the colour of wood tissues, the wood defects colour, the colour of wood modified with different coatings, the wood texture as space distribution of colour on wood surfaces, and colours and texture of wood smart materials.

Dr. Richard Hrčka
Dr. Magdalena Broda
Dr. Vlastimil Borůvka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wood
  • wood-based materials
  • colour
  • processes
  • surface
  • discolouration

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 8183 KiB  
Article
Chemical Composition as the Indicator of Thermally Treated Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Wood Colour
by Viera Kučerová, Richard Hrčka and Tatiana Hýrošová
Forests 2024, 15(7), 1186; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071186 - 9 Jul 2024
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Abstract
This study aimed to determine the influence of increased temperature on the mass loss, chemical composition, and colour of pine wood because of the lack of such information. The colour was measured on samples of wood, extracted sawdust, holocellulose, and lignin isolated from [...] Read more.
This study aimed to determine the influence of increased temperature on the mass loss, chemical composition, and colour of pine wood because of the lack of such information. The colour was measured on samples of wood, extracted sawdust, holocellulose, and lignin isolated from the extracted sawdust of pine heartwood and sapwood. A wood sample labelled 20 °C was considered as wood with the original composition. Subsequently, we verified the measured values with the proposed mixing colour model. Pine heartwood and sapwood samples were thermally treated at temperatures of 100, 150, 200, 220, 240, and 260 °C for 1, 3, and 5 h. It was found that sapwood degraded faster than heartwood. The thermal treatment of wood increases lignin content and decreases holocellulose content, especially at 260 °C. The maximum extractive content of 3.60% was at 1 h and a temperature of 260 °C for both parts of the wood. Lightness values decreased with increasing temperature and time of treatment. The coordinate a* of heartwood showed a positive slope until one hour of treatment duration and a temperature of 240 °C. Then, it decreased for the subsequent duration of treatment. The same course was shown for the coordinate b* of sapwood at a temperature of 200 °C. The proposed model of mixing colours proved that changes in both parts of a wood-extracted substance, holocellulose, and lignin content, were responsible for the changing colour of extracted wood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phenomenon of Wood Colour)
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11 pages, 2157 KiB  
Article
Homogenization of the Color of Beech Sapwood and False Heartwood by the Steaming Process
by Ladislav Dzurenda and Michal Dudiak
Forests 2024, 15(6), 1009; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15061009 - 9 Jun 2024
Viewed by 479
Abstract
This work presents the results of the homogenization of the color of sapwood and false heartwood Fagus sylvatica L. into a uniform color shade due to the influence of the temperature of saturated moist air and saturated water steam in individual steaming modes. [...] Read more.
This work presents the results of the homogenization of the color of sapwood and false heartwood Fagus sylvatica L. into a uniform color shade due to the influence of the temperature of saturated moist air and saturated water steam in individual steaming modes. The results of analyses of the influence of temperature within 24 h point out the different changes in the color of the sapwood and the wood of the false heartwood when the uniform color of the beech wood is achieved by the steaming process. By steaming beech wood with a false heartwood saturated with moist air at a temperature of tI = 95 °C during τ = 24 h, the color of the sapwood does not merge with the color of the wood of the false heartwood. The sapwood darkens and, on the other hand, the wood of the false heartwood slightly lightens, while the significant color contrast is removed, but the color homogenization in the individual zones does not occur. The unification of the colors in individual zones occurs during the steaming process at a temperature of saturated water steam tII ≈ 105 °C in 18 h, where the resulting brown color is identified in the color space CIE L*a*b* by the values of the lightness L* = 61.3 ± 2.2 and of the red color a* = 12.4 ± 1.3 and yellow color b* = 19.5 ± 1.4. The most pronounced homogenization of the color occurs through the steaming process at a temperature of saturated water steam tIII ≈ 120 °C, where the wood acquires a uniform dark brown–gray color in a time of τ ≈ 9 h steaming. The coordinates of the color-homogenized steamed beech wood are L* = 55.9 ± 1.9, a* = 12.3 ± 1.2, and b* = 19.6 ± 1.3. The unification of the colors by the steaming process is achieved by darkening both the sapwood and the wood of the false heartwood. In the overall color homogenization, the sapwood and the wood of the false heartwood do not participate equally in the steaming process. While the total color difference between the sapwood and a color homogenized state is quantified by the value ∆EtI* = 8, ∆EtIII* = 22.7, the total color difference in the wood with a false heartwood is only ∆EtI* = 1.9, ∆EtIII* = 11.8. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phenomenon of Wood Colour)
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