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Employees’ Well-Being: Effective Measures to Cope with Job Stress and...
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Employees’ Well-Being: Effective Measures to Cope with Job Stress and Workplace Bullying

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Medics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 7815

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ioannis Moisoglou

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, P.C. 41500 Larissa, Greece
Interests: quality; healthcare administration; healthcare professionals’ well-being
Dr. Petros Galanis

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Guest Editor
Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: research methodology; evidence-based nursing; clinical epidemiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The healthcare sector is particularly demanding, and healthcare professionals are often faced with significant challenges. High workloads and work intensity characterize the daily practice of healthcare professionals. At the same time, the ageing population and the increase in chronic diseases make patient care even more demanding. In their efforts to provide quality care, healthcare professionals face significant organizational and job-related problems related to understaffing of health services, inability to secure the necessary resources, lack of organizational support and inability of leadership to motivate employees. The nature of the work of health professionals and their working conditions are the major sources of stress for workers.

Both stress and the work environment have emerged as predictors of a common phenomenon of workplace violence, that of bullying. The effects of stress and bullying affect both healthcare professionals and the quality of care. It therefore becomes imperative to implement measures to best manage both the factors that increase employee stress and the phenomenon of bullying.

This Special Issue aims to highlight best practices that can assist both healthcare organizational leaders and healthcare professionals with the best possible coping strategies of stressors at work as well as workplace bullying. In this Special Issue, original research articles, systematic reviews and meta-analyses are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Workplace bullying;
  • Work environment;
  • Coping strategies;
  • Job stress;
  • Organizational support;
  • Healthcare professionals’ training;
  • Resilience;
  • Job burnout;
  • Quiet quitting;
  • Workplace violence;
  • Turnover intention.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Ioannis Moisoglou
Dr. Petros Galanis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Healthcare is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • coping strategies
  • healthcare professionals
  • intervention
  • organizational support
  • resilience
  • workplace bullying
  • work stressors
  • work environment

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 1328 KiB  
Article
The Mediating Role of Work–Family Interface in the Relationship Between Quantitative Workload and Interpersonal Strain: A Gender-Based Moderation Analysis
by Jessica Pileri, Marina Mondo, Alice Sgualdini and Silvia de Simone
Healthcare 2024, 12(23), 2324; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232324 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 206
Abstract
Purpose: The study investigates the role of work-family interface dimensions (negative work-to-family interface, NEGWIF; negative family-to-work interface, NEGFIW; positive work-to-family interface, POSWIF; and positive family-to-work interface, POSFIW) as mediators in the relationship between workload and interpersonal strain. In addition, we examined the moderating [...] Read more.
Purpose: The study investigates the role of work-family interface dimensions (negative work-to-family interface, NEGWIF; negative family-to-work interface, NEGFIW; positive work-to-family interface, POSWIF; and positive family-to-work interface, POSFIW) as mediators in the relationship between workload and interpersonal strain. In addition, we examined the moderating effect of gender. Design/methodology/approach: 319 Italian employees working in the commercial sector participants completed a self-report questionnaire. The hypothesized models were tested using PROCESS Macro. Findings: Work–family interface dimensions totally mediated the relationship between workload and interpersonal strain. Moderating influence of gender was found. Gender moderated the relationship between workload and three work–family interface dimensions—NEGWIF, POSWIF and POSFIW—in the indirect relationship between workload and interpersonal strain. Research limitations/implications: This study suggests to organizations that moderate workload and family-friendly policies can act as a protective factor against interpersonal strain. The limitations of the study are the use of self-report measures and the cross-sectional design. Originality/value: This research attempted to fill the gap in interpersonal strain and relationships with the work–family interface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Employees’ Well-Being: Effective Measures to Cope with Job Stress and Workplace Bullying)
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13 pages, 639 KiB  
Article
Validation of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in Military Personnel of the Spanish Army (RSES-JGA)
by José Gabriel Soriano-Sánchez and Sylvia Sastre-Riba
Healthcare 2024, 12(22), 2301; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12222301 - 18 Nov 2024
Viewed by 515
Abstract
Background: Self-esteem is a psychological term that, since its emergence in 1890 with William James, has been widely studied. Furthermore, this construct has been examined in different areas of psychology, including the clinical field, where its relationship with mental health and low levels [...] Read more.
Background: Self-esteem is a psychological term that, since its emergence in 1890 with William James, has been widely studied. Furthermore, this construct has been examined in different areas of psychology, including the clinical field, where its relationship with mental health and low levels of depression has been demonstrated. In the realm of positive psychology, its connection to resilience and life satisfaction has also been established. Evaluating self-esteem in military personnel is essential, as healthy self-esteem can enhance resilience, improve performance, and promote emotional well-being. Objective: To evaluate validity based on internal structure from the perspective of Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT), to obtain evidence of validity based on the relationship with other variables, and to estimate the reliability of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Method: To this end, 584 military personnel from the three ranks of the Spanish Army (officers, non-commissioned officers, and professional soldiers and sailors) were evaluated, of which 511 were men (87.70%) and 72 were women (12.30%), with an age range of 18 to 66 years (M = 33.17, SD = 7.38). Results: The results indicate that the unidimensional structure of the RSES shows adequate fit indices (CFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.91, SRMR = 0.05), while the difficulty and discrimination parameters exhibited favorable values. Additionally, an acceptable reliability value was found (ɷ = 0.81; α = 0.80). Conclusions: Therefore, it is concluded that the RSES-JGA presents adequate psychometric properties of validity and reliability, making it a useful and relevant instrument for measuring self-esteem in military personnel of the Spanish Army. This will make it possible to measure the level of self-esteem in military personnel, i.e., the set of perceptions, thoughts, evaluations, feelings, and behavioral tendencies directed towards oneself, one’s own way of being, and towards one’s own body and character traits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Employees’ Well-Being: Effective Measures to Cope with Job Stress and Workplace Bullying)
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10 pages, 216 KiB  
Article
Work-Related Stress and Coping: A Comparative Analysis of On-Site and Office-Based Workers in UK Building Construction
by Rachel Blair Winkler, Campbell Middleton and Olivia Remes
Healthcare 2024, 12(21), 2117; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12212117 - 24 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1466
Abstract
Background: There are increasing mental health concerns in the construction industry workforce, with stress being a primary concern. This qualitative study investigates stress experiences and the management of stress in office-based and on-site workers in the UK building construction sector. This study can [...] Read more.
Background: There are increasing mental health concerns in the construction industry workforce, with stress being a primary concern. This qualitative study investigates stress experiences and the management of stress in office-based and on-site workers in the UK building construction sector. This study can provide key insights for construction, but also potentially other industries which struggle with high stress levels among their employees. Methods: A total of 40 semi-structured interviews (20 on-site/20 office-based) were conducted at large-scale building construction projects in the southeast UK. Framework method analysis was used to derive an understanding of stress in the workplace and coping strategies. Results: The study identified two major themes: the negative influence of work stress on personal and professional wellbeing, and the management of stress through proactive and reactive coping strategies. Results indicated that on-site workers frequently cited high workloads, tight deadlines, and safety concerns, whereas office-based workers tended to highlight job complexity and organisational pressures. Both population sub-groups reported stress affecting their work performance, with site-workers having the added concern of physical health and safety. Coping strategies among workers tended to rely on support networks, outside-the-workplace hobbies, and boundary-setting, among others. Conclusions: Stress remains a significant problem in the workplace and affects wellbeing; however, there are ways to mitigate the stress. Our findings could provide a foundation for intervention development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Employees’ Well-Being: Effective Measures to Cope with Job Stress and Workplace Bullying)
13 pages, 684 KiB  
Article
Psychometric Evaluation of the Brief-COPE Inventory and Exploration of Factors Associated with Perceived Stress among Peruvian Nurses
by Jhon Alex Zeladita-Huaman, Carmen Cristina Flores-Rodríguez, Roberto Zegarra-Chapoñan, Sugely Julia Carpio-Borja, Eduardo Franco-Chalco, Teresa De Jesús Vivas-Durand, Henry Castillo-Parra, Silas Hildeliza Alvarado-Rivadeneyra and Orfelina Mariñas-Acevedo
Healthcare 2024, 12(17), 1729; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12171729 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 870
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Brief-COPE Inventory and to determine its concurrent validity by examining its association with perceived stress among Peruvian nurses. Methods: A psychometric study was conducted with 434 Peruvian nurses to evaluate the psychometric [...] Read more.
Background: This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Brief-COPE Inventory and to determine its concurrent validity by examining its association with perceived stress among Peruvian nurses. Methods: A psychometric study was conducted with 434 Peruvian nurses to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brief-COPE Inventory through confirmatory factor analysis. Three stepwise variable selection regression models were implemented. Results: The three-factor model of the Brief-COPE Inventory demonstrated adequate fit indices (root mean square error of approximation = 0.052, standardized root mean square residual = 0.068, and both the comparative fit index and the Tucker–Lewis index = 0.95). Additionally, the factors were significantly correlated (p < 0.001), and the reliability was adequate (ω = 0.90). Nurses reported a medium level of perceived stress, with associated factors including having received stress management training, fear of COVID-19, and problem-focused coping strategies (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study confirms that the Brief-COPE Inventory is a valid tool for measuring coping strategies among Peruvian nurses due to its good model fit, excellent reliability, and concurrent validity with perceived stress. However, further research is needed to assess its validity in the specific areas of performance perceived by nursing professionals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Employees’ Well-Being: Effective Measures to Cope with Job Stress and Workplace Bullying)
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17 pages, 1125 KiB  
Systematic Review
Association between Workplace Bullying, Job Stress, and Professional Quality of Life in Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Petros Galanis, Ioannis Moisoglou, Aglaia Katsiroumpa and Maria Mastrogianni
Healthcare 2024, 12(6), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12060623 - 9 Mar 2024
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4021
Abstract
Workplace bullying affects workers’ lives, causing several mental and physical health problems and job-related issues. Therefore, a summary of the evidence on the consequences of workplace bullying on workers’ lives is essential to improve working conditions. The literature lacks systematic reviews and meta-analyses [...] Read more.
Workplace bullying affects workers’ lives, causing several mental and physical health problems and job-related issues. Therefore, a summary of the evidence on the consequences of workplace bullying on workers’ lives is essential to improve working conditions. The literature lacks systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the association between workplace bullying and job stress and the professional quality of life of nurses. Thus, we aimed to quantitatively summarize the data on the association between workplace bullying, job stress, and professional quality of life. We performed our study in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024495948). We searched PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Cinahl, and Web of Science up to 4 January 2024. We calculated pooled correlation coefficients and 95% confidence intervals [CI]. We identified nine studies with a total of 3730 nurses. We found a moderate positive correlation between workplace bullying and job stress (pooled correlation coefficient = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.29 to 0.39). Moreover, a small negative correlation between workplace bullying and compassion satisfaction (pooled correlation coefficient = −0.28, 95% CI = −0.41 to −0.15) was identified. Additionally, our findings suggested a moderate positive correlation between workplace bullying and job burnout (pooled correlation coefficient = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.32 to 0.53) and secondary traumatic stress (pooled correlation coefficient = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.57). Our findings can help nursing managers and policy-makers to draw attention to workplace bullying by implementing effective interventions, so as to reduce the bullying of nurses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Employees’ Well-Being: Effective Measures to Cope with Job Stress and Workplace Bullying)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: The role of Work-Family Interface in mediating the relationship between Workload and Interpersonal Strain and the Moderating Role of Gender
Authors: Jessica Pileri; Marina Mondo; Alice Sgualdini; Silvia de Simone
Affiliation: Department of Pedagogy, Psychology and Philosophy, University of Cagliari;
Abstract: Purpose - The study investigates the role of work-family interface dimensions (negative work-to-family interface, NEGWIF; negative family-to-work interface, NEGFIW; positive work-to-family interface, POSWIF and positive family-to-work interface, POSFIW) as mediators in the relationship between workload and Interpersonal Strain. In addition, we examined the moderating effect of gender. Design/methodology/approach - 319 participants completed a self-report questionnaire. The hypothesized models were tested using PROCESS Macro. Findings - Work-Family Interface dimensions totally mediated the relationship between Work-load and Interpersonal Strain. Moderating influence of gender was found. Gender moderated the relationship between Workload and three Work-Family Interface dimensions NEGWIF, POSWIF and POSFIW in the indirect relationship between Workload and Interpersonal Strain. Research limitations/implications -This study suggests to organizations that a moderate work-load and family-friendly policies can act as a protective factor for Interpersonal Strain. The limi-tations of the study are the use of self-report measures and the cross-sectional design. Originality/value - This research attempted to fill the gap in interpersonal strain and relation-ships with the Work Family Interface

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