Irrigation and Fertilization Management Strategies for Alleviating Horticultural Crop Stress

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Biotic and Abiotic Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2024) | Viewed by 2595

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroalimentar-CCTA, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-UFCG, Campus Pombal, Pombal, PB, Brazil
Interests: Irrigation; salt stress; water stress; physiology; tolerance mechanisms

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Guest Editor
Universidade Federal de Campina Grande-UFCG, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
Interests: tolerance mechanisms; salt stress; oxidative stress; irrigation; ionic interactions
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Guest Editor
Centro de Ciências Agrárias do Sertão-CCAS, Universidade Federal de Sergipe-UFS, Campus do Sertão, Nossa Senhora da Glória, SE, Brazil
Interests: irrigation; drainage; salinity; fruit crop; plant physiology; water quality

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Horticultural production under natural conditions is generally subject to different abiotic stresses that affect crop productivity in terms of quality and quantity. Drought, waterlogging, salinity, air pollution, wind, heavy metal stress and temperature extremes such as heat and cooling effect are the abiotic stresses responsible for crop losses. However, there is a growing interest in clarifying the adaptation and tolerance mechanisms of plants to abiotic environmental factors, through irrigation and fertilization management practices, aiming to increase crop productivity and meet the growing need for food production.

This Special Edition “Irrigation and Fertilization Management Strategies for Alleviating Horticultural Crop Stress” aims to contribute to the dissemination of new knowledge and results related to the effects of abiotic stresses on plants, such as mitigating strategies related to studies of irrigation and nutritional management with repercussions on physiology, water relations, gas exchange, biochemistry, growth, production and postharvest fruit quality.

Dr. Lauriane Almeida Dos Anjos Soares
Prof. Dr. Geovani Soares de Lima
Dr. Marcos Eric Barbosa Brito
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • response to abiotic stress factors
  • tolerance
  • nutritional imbalances
  • physiology
  • biochemistry
  • productivity

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2176 KiB  
Article
Growth, Physiological, and Biochemical Responses of a Medicinal Plant Launaea sarmentosa to Salinity
by Dan Quang Tran, Anh Cong Pham, Trinh Thi Thanh Nguyen, Tuan Chau Vo, Hoang Duc Vu, Giap Ta Ho and Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
Horticulturae 2024, 10(4), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10040388 - 11 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Launaea sarmentosa is a valuable medicinal plant with adaptability in saline areas, but it is still unclear how it responds to salinity. For the first time, the present study examined the plant’s changes under different soil salinities generated by 50, 100, 200, and [...] Read more.
Launaea sarmentosa is a valuable medicinal plant with adaptability in saline areas, but it is still unclear how it responds to salinity. For the first time, the present study examined the plant’s changes under different soil salinities generated by 50, 100, 200, and 400 mM NaCl in order to elucidate its responses in terms of growth, photosynthesis, water uptake, osmotic adjustment, ion homeostasis, and oxidative stress defense to salinity. The results showed that the plant’s growth was enhanced by 50 mM NaCl with an 18.07% increase in dry biomass compared to the control, whereas higher salinity levels reduced its growth with a 6.39–54.85% decrease in dry biomass. The plant’s growth response indicates that it had tolerance to salinity levels up to 400 mM NaCl. The accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophylls (a + b) and carotenoids, was enhanced under salinity, except for a reduced accumulation under 400 mM NaCl. Relative water content decreased while proline content increased in the salt-stressed plants. Moreover, the salt-stressed plants reduced their K+ and NO3 content along with increases in Na+ and Cl content. The high salt stress level also caused oxidative stress in the plants, which was revealed through the accumulation of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content. In addition, the salt-stressed plants had increased total phenolic content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. These physiological and biochemical changes suggest that L. sarmentosa evolved adaptive mechanisms in photosynthesis, osmotic adjustment, ion homeostasis, and antioxidant defense for growing under salt stress. Full article
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15 pages, 2264 KiB  
Article
Propagation Methods and Mulching Modulate the Quantum Yield, Ionic Relations, and Production Components of Sour Passion Fruit under Salt Stress
by Antônio Gustavo de Luna Souto, Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante, Edinete Nunes de Melo, Ítalo Herbert Lucena Cavalcante, Geovani Soares de Lima, Francisco de Oliveira Mesquita, Luan dos Santos Silva, Bruno da Silva, Lucas Soares Rodrigues, Evandro Franklin de Mesquita, Hans Raj Gheyi and Alberto Soares de Melo
Horticulturae 2023, 9(8), 871; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9080871 - 31 Jul 2023
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Abstract
In semiarid regions of Brazil, water and/or soil salinity is one of the limiting factors for sour passion fruit production. Low rainfall rates combined with edaphic conditions (high concentrations of soluble salts) intensify deleterious effects on plants. Thus, strategies that minimize the effects [...] Read more.
In semiarid regions of Brazil, water and/or soil salinity is one of the limiting factors for sour passion fruit production. Low rainfall rates combined with edaphic conditions (high concentrations of soluble salts) intensify deleterious effects on plants. Thus, strategies that minimize the effects of salt stress, e.g., grafting with tolerant species and soil mulching, are extremely important to ensure the expansion of irrigated fruit farming in this region. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of grafting and mulching on the quantum yield, ionic relations, and fruit production of sour passion fruit irrigated with moderately saline water. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in split plots, in a 2 × (2 × 2) factorial arrangement to evaluate the combination of low and moderate salinity water (main plot) with the propagation method (seeds and grafting on P. cincinnata) and without and with plastic mulching (subplots), with four replications and three plants per plot. The ionic relations in passion fruit leaves were increased with the use of rootstocks and plastic mulching under irrigation with moderately saline water. The use of mulching increased the yield of photosystem II in sour passion fruit. The passion fruit plants propagated by seeds had 187.52% more fruits than those grafted onto P. cincinnata. The use of rootstocks with P. cincinnata in sour passion fruit restricted the uptake of Na and Cl but reduced fruit production. Full article
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