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IJERPH
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The Application of Bioremediation in Contaminated Soils and Sediments
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The Application of Bioremediation in Contaminated Soils and Sediments

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Remediation and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 4355

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Piotr Kapusta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, Oil and Gas Institute—National Research Institute, 31-503 Kraków, Poland
Interests: bioremediation; microbial biodiversity; biogas

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental pollution is still a significant problem in the third decade of the twenty-first century. Pollutants such as heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are considered to represent a serious environmental issue due to their bioaccumulation, persistence, and toxicity. Others, such as microplastics, are less toxic but are found in great numbers almost everywhere. This is why we still need to seek efficient solutions to overcome these threats.

Bioremediation is a process that employs a biological approach to remove pollutants from soil, water, air, and industrial effluents. The natural capabilities of living organisms to degrade, absorb, or accumulate toxic substances can be effectively used in the restoration of any environment. There are several bioremediation techniques; each has its own advantages and disadvantages. While all of them are usually time consuming, they are very cost-efficient and have a minimal impact on the environmental.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) will focus on every aspect of bioremediation. Original articles, short communications, review papers, and case reports will be included in this Issue. Papers concerning natural attenuation, biostimulation, bioaugmentation, phytoremediation, in situ and ex situ processes, and laboratory and field studies are welcomed. Manuscripts dealing with any research on bacteria, archaea, fungi, microalgae, plants, and other living organisms involved in remediation processes will be considered for publication. Biodiversity studies of contaminated sites also fall within the scope of this Special Issue.

Dr. Piotr Kapusta
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioremediation
  • biodegradation
  • biostimulation
  • bioaugmentation
  • natural attenuation
  • phytoremediation
  • soils
  • sediments
  • heavy metals
  • petroleum hydrocarbons
  • polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
  • polychlorinated biphenyls
  • pesticides
  • microorganisms
  • plants
  • biodiversity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 8663 KiB  
Article
Hydrocarbon Degradation and Microbial Survival Improvement in Response to γ-Polyglutamic Acid Application
by Ewelina Zając, Monika J. Fabiańska, Elżbieta Jędrszczyk and Tomasz Skalski
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 15066; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215066 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1589
Abstract
To improve the environmental sustainability of cleanup activities of contaminated sites there is a need to develop technologies that minimize soil and habitat disturbances. Cleanup technologies, such as bioremediation, are based on biological products and processes, and they are important for the future [...] Read more.
To improve the environmental sustainability of cleanup activities of contaminated sites there is a need to develop technologies that minimize soil and habitat disturbances. Cleanup technologies, such as bioremediation, are based on biological products and processes, and they are important for the future of our planet. We studied the potential of γ-poly glutamic acid (PGA) as a natural component of biofilm produced by Bacillus sp. to be used for the decomposition of petroleum products, such as heavy naphtha (N), lubricating oil (O), and grease (G). The study aimed to assess the impact of the use of different concentrations of PGA on the degradation process of various fractions of petroleum hydrocarbons (PH) and its effect on bacterial population growth in harsh conditions of PH contamination. In laboratory conditions, four treatments of PGA with each of the petroleum products (N, O, and G) were tested: PGA0 (reference), PGA1 (1% PGA), PGA1B (1% PGA with Bacillus licheniformis), and PGA10 (10% PGA). After 7, 28, 56, and 112 days of the experiment, the percentage yield extraction, hydrocarbon mass loss, geochemical ratios, pH, electrical conductivity, and microorganisms survival were determined. We observed an increase in PH removal, reflected as a higher amount of extraction yield (growing with time and reaching about 11% in G) and loss of hydrocarbon mass (about 4% in O and G) in all treatments of the PGA compared to the reference. The positive degradation impact was intensive until around day 60. The PH removal stimulation by PGA was also reflected by changes in the values of geochemical ratios, which indicated that the highest rate of degradation was at the initial stage of the process. In general, for the stimulation of PH removal, using a lower (1%) concentration of PGA resulted in better performance than a higher concentration (10%). The PH removal facilitated by PGA is related to the anionic homopoliamid structure of the molecule and its action as a surfactant, which leads to the formation of micelles and the gradual release of PH absorbed in the zeolite carrier. Moreover, the protective properties of PGA against the extinction of bacteria under high concentrations of PH were identified. Generally, the γ-PGA biopolymer helps to degrade the hydrocarbon pollutants and stabilize the environment suitable for microbial degraders development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Bioremediation in Contaminated Soils and Sediments)
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17 pages, 2519 KiB  
Article
Bioremediation of Cadmium Toxicity in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plants Primed with L-Proline, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger
by Sarmad Bashir, Sadia Javed, Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi, Mohammad Abul Farah and Sajad Ali
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(19), 12683; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912683 - 4 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2231
Abstract
Cadmium toxicity is one of the deleterious abiotic factors that reduce wheat production. Two different cultivars (Akbar and Dilkash) were compared for their cadmium (0, 40 and 80 mg/kg) tolerance and responses towards Bacillus subtilis NA2, Aspergillus niger PMI-118 and L-proline. Both microbes [...] Read more.
Cadmium toxicity is one of the deleterious abiotic factors that reduce wheat production. Two different cultivars (Akbar and Dilkash) were compared for their cadmium (0, 40 and 80 mg/kg) tolerance and responses towards Bacillus subtilis NA2, Aspergillus niger PMI-118 and L-proline. Both microbes were tested for heavy metal tolerance and production of various plant hormones and biological active enzyme characteristics under normal and cadmium stress. A completely randomized design (two cultivars × four treatments × three cadmium levels × three replicates) was adopted using distilled water as a control. The growth promotion potential of these strains under cadmium stress was determined by N-fixation, IAA synthesis, P-solubilization, amylase and proteases production. A pot experiment under controlled conditions was conducted to evaluate the effect of bacteria, fungi, and L-proline under cadmium stress. It was indicated from the result that plant biomass (46.43%), shoot length (22.40%), root length (25.06%), chlorophyll (17.17%), total sugars (27.07%), total proteins (86.01%) and ascorbic acid (83.27%) were improved with inoculation under control and cadmium stress. The accumulation of total flavonoids (48.64%), total phenolics (24.88%), hydrogen peroxide (53.96%) and activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT (26.37%) and APX (43.71%) were reduced in the plants treated with bacteria, fungi and L-proline than those under control. With parallel aids, Bacillus subtilis NA2 showed a higher cadmium tolerance and plant growth stability as compared to Aspergillus niger PMI-118 and L-proline and may be adopted in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Bioremediation in Contaminated Soils and Sediments)
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