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Recent Research on Lifestyle Changes and Health
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Recent Research on Lifestyle Changes and Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 June 2023) | Viewed by 4361

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Young-Min Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
Interests: lifestyle change; physical activity; exercise physiology; physical inactivity; rehabilitation; diet; nutrients; aging; menopause; andropause; hormones; cardiovascular disease; metabolism; muscle; musculoskeletal impairment; body composition; microbiome; cancer; inflammation; stress; diabetes; sarcopenia; brain function; motor function; biomechanics; physical fitness; strength and conditioning; health promotion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research on lifestyle changes and health advances rapidly, generating new knowledge and technologies. A large randomized controlled trial from the Diabetes Prevention Program in the US demonstrated strong evidence for the effectiveness of lifestyle change intervention. In the study, lifestyle modification was more effective than either placebo or metformin in preventing the progression to type 2 diabetes. The physical activity level was six-fold greater in the Lifestyle group than in the Placebo and Metformin groups. The Lifestyle intervention also included diet changes with a reduced calorie and fat intake to acquire a 7% weight loss. This suggests that physical activity and dietary intervention were the principal determinants of therapeutic effectiveness for diabetic patients.

Research has been performed to accumulate abundant knowledge on the human body from the point of view of improving human health and quality of life. The most valuable findings from professional research and practice are that regular physical activity and healthy diets provide countless health benefits. Researchers in these fields continuously obtain new knowledge through advanced technologies and research methods from molecular to clinical aspects. Knowledge is continuously being updated on how to improve human health, studying and optimizing human behaviors to improve quality of life and reduce health care costs.

This Special Issue will discuss advanced research methods (reviews, meta-analysis, and original article) with novel findings applied to various aspects of the nutrition and sports science field, which include exercise physiology, biomechanics, psychology, pathophysiology, geriatrics, rehabilitation, health promotion, and strength and conditioning research. Advanced investigations to promote fitness and health are encouraged, and submissions from all disciplines will be considered. All manuscripts will be peer-reviewed by experts in the field. 

Dr. Young-Min Park
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lifestyle change
  • physical activity
  • exercise physiology
  • physical inactivity
  • rehabilitation
  • diet
  • nutrients
  • aging
  • menopause
  • andropause
  • hormones
  • cardiovascular disease
  • metabolism
  • muscle
  • musculoskeletal impairment
  • body composition
  • microbiome
  • cancer
  • inflammation
  • stress
  • diabetes
  • sarcopenia
  • brain function
  • motor function
  • biomechanics
  • physical fitness
  • strength and conditioning
  • health promotion

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1524 KiB  
Article
A Single Bout of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Suppresses Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Asian Obese Young Men
by Min-Hyeok Jang, Dae-Hwan Kim, Jean-Hee Han, Jahyun Kim and Jung-Hyun Kim
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(5), 3915; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053915 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1352
Abstract
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has been shown to minimize subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), whereas obesity has been suggested to attenuate the efficacy of RIPC in animal models. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a single bout of [...] Read more.
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has been shown to minimize subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), whereas obesity has been suggested to attenuate the efficacy of RIPC in animal models. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a single bout of RIPC on the vascular and autonomic response after IRI in young obese men. A total of 16 healthy young men (8 obese and 8 normal weight) underwent two experimental trials: RIPC (three cycles of 5 min ischemia at 180 mmHg + 5 min reperfusion on the left thigh) and SHAM (the same RIPC cycles at resting diastolic pressure) following IRI (20 min ischemia at 180 mmHg + 20 min reperfusion on the right thigh). Heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (SBP/DBP), and cutaneous blood flow (CBF) were measured between baseline, post-RIPC/SHAM, and post-IRI. The results showed that RIPC significantly improved the LF/HF ratio (p = 0.027), SBP (p = 0.047), MAP (p = 0.049), CBF (p = 0.001), cutaneous vascular conductance (p = 0.003), vascular resistance (p = 0.001), and sympathetic reactivity (SBP: p = 0.039; MAP: p = 0.084) after IRI. However, obesity neither exaggerated the degree of IRI nor attenuated the conditioning effects on the measured outcomes. In conclusion, a single bout of RIPC is an effective means of suppressing subsequent IRI and obesity, at least in Asian young adult men, does not significantly attenuate the efficacy of RIPC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Lifestyle Changes and Health)
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13 pages, 2608 KiB  
Article
Altered Bimanual Kinetic and Kinematic Motor Control Capabilities in Older Women
by Joon Ho Lee and Nyeonju Kang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2153; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032153 - 25 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1237
Abstract
Older women may experience critical neuromuscular impairments interfering with controlling successful bimanual motor actions. Our study aimed to investigate altered bimanual motor performances in older women compared with younger women by focusing on kinetic and kinematic motor properties. Twenty-two older women and 22 [...] Read more.
Older women may experience critical neuromuscular impairments interfering with controlling successful bimanual motor actions. Our study aimed to investigate altered bimanual motor performances in older women compared with younger women by focusing on kinetic and kinematic motor properties. Twenty-two older women and 22 younger women performed bimanual kinetic and kinematic motor tasks. To estimate bimanual kinetic functions, we calculated bimanual maximal voluntary contractions (i.e., MVC) and force control capabilities (i.e., mean force, accuracy, variability, and regularity of the total force produced by two hands) during bimanual hand-grip submaximal force control tasks. For bimanual kinematic performances, we assessed the scores of the Purdue Pegboard Test (i.e., PPT) in both hands and assembly tasks, respectively. For the bimanual MVC and PPT, we conducted an independent t-test between two groups. The bimanual force control capabilities were analyzed using two-way mixed ANOVAs (Group × Force Level; 2 × 2). Our findings revealed that the older women showed less bimanual MVC (p = 0.046) and submaximal force outputs (p = 0.036) and greater changes in bimanual force control capabilities as indicated by a greater force variability (p = 0.017) and regularity (p = 0.014). Further, the older women revealed lower scores of PPT in both the hands condition (p < 0.001) and assembly task condition (p < 0.001). The additional correlation analyses for the older women showed that lower levels of skeletal muscle mass were related to less bimanual MVC (r = 0.591; p = 0.004). Furthermore, a higher age was related to lower scores in the bimanual PPT assembly task (r = −0.427; p = 0.048). These findings suggested that older women experience greater changes in bimanual motor functions compared with younger women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Lifestyle Changes and Health)
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13 pages, 384 KiB  
Article
“Stay at Home” during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in an Italian Academic Community
by Anna Mulasso, Margherita Micheletti Cremasco, Simone Cuomo, Andrea Testa, Lynda Stella Lattke, Aurelia De Lorenzo, Alberto Rainoldi and Emanuela Rabaglietti
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 1168; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021168 - 9 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1391
Abstract
This study investigates changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in an Italian university community during Phase 1 of SARS-CoV-2 lockdown (“stay at home” government decree, from March 8th to May 4th, 2020) compared to their habits prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. [...] Read more.
This study investigates changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior in an Italian university community during Phase 1 of SARS-CoV-2 lockdown (“stay at home” government decree, from March 8th to May 4th, 2020) compared to their habits prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. We also examine differences according to gender, university position, BMI categories, and sport participation. A total of 2596 people (median age 24, IQR 11 years; 70.8% women) filled out a survey after eight weeks of statutory confinement at home. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire measured PA and sedentary behavior in a typical week before and during lockdown. Physically inactive people passed from 10.9% to 35.0% before–during the lockdown. The total amount of PA decreased (median 2307 vs. 1367 MET-min/week; p < 0.001), while sedentary behavior increased (median 349 vs. 440 min/day; p < 0.001) between before and during the lockdown. The following categories showed a higher reduction in the total amount of PA: men when compared to women; people with normal weight when compared to pre-obese/obese people; and people who played sports when compared to those who did not play sports. There is a need to propose PA/exercise programs to counteract physical inactivity and sedentarism during a social emergency, with special attention to people who showed higher PA reduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Lifestyle Changes and Health)
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