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Precision Medicine in COVID Time to Better Support National Health Care System

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Infectious Disease Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 5325

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Antonio Cortese

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Maxillofacial Surgery Unit- Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Department, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
Interests: maxillofacial surgery; oral surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly stressed national healthcare systems, revealing how vulnerable they could be and negatively affecting health, economy, politics, and social trust. 

Parallel to control of infection spread with preventive social measurements and a massive vaccine administration, it is paramount that health systems preserve their resilience in terms of guaranteeing primary care. Despite the emergency situation that COVID-19 has created, we must remember that other diseases do not take a step back because of the pandemic, and patients affected by severe and urgent conditions such as malignancies and traumas are penalized the most by interruptions to treatment. 

This Special Issue aims to identify the procedures and regulations enhancing the provision of health services. This new simplified healthcare approach is characterized by bureaucracy and economy unburdening methods, such as new techniques and procedures for precision medicine allowing rapid hospital admittance and discharge, telemedicine, and ambulatory focused medicine. 

Papers addressing these topics are invited for this Special Issue, especially those providing clear guidelines regarding the efficacy of new precision procedures for oncologic and trauma patients reducing invasive surgery and related hospitalization, allowing home care by telemedicine after surgery and healthcare on ambulatory bases. Primary care could be provided to patients even in a stressed health system. 

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Antonio Cortese
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • precision medicine
  • health system
  • oncologic patients
  • trauma centers
  • dentistry
  • telemedicine
  • obstetrics
  • ENT
  • COVID-19

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 766 KiB  
Article
Neurological Manifestations and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 in the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia
by Nada N. Alshehri, Maha A. AlQahtani, Fatima Riaz, Syed E. Mahmood, Ausaf Ahmad, Nawal F. AbdelGhaffar, Abdulaziz H. Abdullah Almakfor, Fawziah M. Alahmari, Hanan Abdulmutal and Mojahed Hadi A. Rudainee
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(5), 3848; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053848 - 21 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1323
Abstract
COVID-19 patients also present with rheumatological problems, cardiac problems, and even neurological manifestations. However, the data are still insufficient at present to fill the gaps in our understanding of the neurological presentations of COVID-19. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to reveal the [...] Read more.
COVID-19 patients also present with rheumatological problems, cardiac problems, and even neurological manifestations. However, the data are still insufficient at present to fill the gaps in our understanding of the neurological presentations of COVID-19. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to reveal the various neurological manifestations of patients with COVID-19 and to find the association between neurological manifestations and the clinical outcome. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Abha, in the Aseer region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, among COVID-19 patients aged 18 years or older who were admitted with the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 to the Aseer Central Hospital and Heart Center Hospital Abha. Non-probability convenient sampling was used. All the information was gathered by the principal investigator using a questionnaire including sociodemographic information, disease characteristics of COVID-19, neurological manifestations, and other complications. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 16.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A total of 55 patients were included in the present study. About half of the patients were admitted to the ICU, and 18 (62.1%) patients died after 1 month of follow-up. Patients aged over 60 years had a 75% mortality rate. About 66.66% of patients with pre-existing neurological disorders died. Statistically significant associations were found between neurological symptoms such as cranial nerve symptoms and a poor outcome. A statistically significant difference was also found between laboratory parameters such as the absolute neutrophil count (ANC), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), total cholesterol (TC), creatinine, urea, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and the outcome. A statistically significant difference was also found between the use of medications such as antiplatelets, anticoagulants, and statins at the baseline and after a 1-month follow-up. Neurological symptoms and complications are not uncommon among COVID-19 patients. Most of these patients had poor outcomes. Further studies are required to provide more data and knowledge about this issue, including the possible risk factors and the long-term neurological consequences of COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Medicine in COVID Time to Better Support National Health Care System)
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11 pages, 369 KiB  
Communication
Inverse Association between Omega-3 Index and Severity of COVID-19: A Case–Control Study
by Muriel Ramírez-Santana, Rodrigo Zapata Barra, Marcela Ñunque González, José Miguel Müller, Juan Enrique Vásquez, Franco Ravera, Gustavo Lago, Eduardo Cañón, Daniella Castañeda and Madelaine Pradenas
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6445; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116445 - 25 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3298
Abstract
Background: Omega-3 fatty acids enhance immune response and modulate inflammation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between omega-3 fatty acid status and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Using a case–control design, we compared hospitalized patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (cases, n [...] Read more.
Background: Omega-3 fatty acids enhance immune response and modulate inflammation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between omega-3 fatty acid status and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Using a case–control design, we compared hospitalized patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (cases, n = 73) with a group of ambulatory patients with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection (controls, n = 71). No patients were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Results: The cases were older (p = 0.003), less educated (p = 0.001), had larger neck and smaller waist circumferences (p = 0.035 and p = 0.003, respectively), more frequently had diabetes (p < 0.001), consumed less fish (p < 0.001), consumed higher proportions of fried fish (p = 0.001), and had lower Omega-3 Index (O3I) values (p = 0.001) than controls. Cases had significantly lower rates of upper airway symptoms than controls. Lower O3I was associated with an increased likelihood of developing severe COVID-19 after adjusting for potential confounders (OR: 0.52; CI 0.32–0.86). Diabetes (OR: 4.41; CI 1.60–12.12), neck circumference (OR: 1.12; CI 1.03–1.21), and older age (OR: 1.03; CI 1.002–1.062) were also linked to COVID-19 severity. Fried fish consumption and low educational level were independent risk factors for severe COVID-19. Conclusions: This study suggests incorporating nutritional interventions to improve omega-3 status within nonpharmacological measures may help to reduce the severity of COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Medicine in COVID Time to Better Support National Health Care System)
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