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Effect of Human Activities on Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles and...
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Effect of Human Activities on Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Terrestrial Ecosystems

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Air".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 4401

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Lei Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
Interests: quantifying terrestrial ecosystem‒atmosphere exchanges of greenhouse gases and other trace gases; revealing carbon and nitrogen cycling processes and their linkages to greenhouse gas fluxes in wetland and grassland ecosystems; enhancing productivity and simultaneously reducing environmental loads in managed ecosystems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Terrestrial ecosystems function as critically important sinks or sources of the atmospheric greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), and consequently play irreplaceable roles in reaching the internationally agreed upon Carbon Neutrality or Greenhouse Gas Neutrality goals by around 2050 this century. However, many natural ecosystems, including wetlands, grasslands, forests, water bodies, etc., worldwide have been influenced by human activities such as the anthropogenic drainage of pristine peatlands for agriculture, forestry, grassland land uses, the artificial conversion of natural grasslands to croplands or extensive use of them as grazing pastures, and the logging of natural forests or the conversion of natural forests to croplands or grasslands; therefore, much research is being conducted to restore these degraded ecosystems. Human activities, in particular land use and land-use change, have substantially modified the soil physic-thermal-hydro-chemical-biological properties of natural ecosystems and therefore might largely regulate the carbon (N) and nitrogen (N) cycling in the ecosystem, as well as the production, diffusion, consumption and surface release processes of CO2, CH4 and N2O. In recent decades, although great efforts have been spent to evaluate the net greenhouse gas impacts by land use and land-use change, the underlying mechanisms driving the changes in C and N cycles and greenhouse gas fluxes by land use and land-use change still remain controversial, and therefore more studies should be initiated to better constrain the uncertainties of human activities.

This Special Issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) focuses on the current state of knowledge on the links between human activities, particularly land uses and land-use changes, and C and N cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and greenhouse gas fluxes. New research papers (measurements and modelling) and systematic reviews (synthetic or meta-analysis) are welcome to this issue. Papers dealing with new approaches to measure C and N cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and greenhouse gas fluxes are also welcome.

We will accept manuscripts from different disciplines including greenhouse gas flux measurements, modelling validation and prediction, C and N storage in terrestrial ecosystems, isotopic signatures of C and N life elements and greenhouse gas fluxes under human activities. Here are some examples of topics that could be addressed in this Special Issue:

  • Net ecosystem exchange of CO2.
  • Net primary productivity.
  • Ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CH4 and/or N2O.
  • Soil respiration and its component heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration.
  • Isotope of C and N fluxes.
  • Terrestrial C and N storage.

Dr. Lei Ma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • terrestrial ecosystem
  • land use and land use change
  • greenhouse gas
  • carbon neutrality
  • carbon dioxide
  • methane
  • nitrous oxide
  • wetland
  • grassland
  • forest

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2418 KiB  
Article
Nitrogen Addition Affects Nitrous Oxide Emissions of Rainfed Lucerne Grassland
by Yuan Li, Gang Wang, Narasinha J. Shurpali and Yuying Shen
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(13), 7789; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137789 - 24 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1571
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas. Assessing the N2O emission from lucerne grasslands with nitrogen addition will aid in estimating the annual N2O emissions of such agriculture areas, particularly following summer rainfall events in light [...] Read more.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas. Assessing the N2O emission from lucerne grasslands with nitrogen addition will aid in estimating the annual N2O emissions of such agriculture areas, particularly following summer rainfall events in light of precipitation variation associated with global change. Here, we measured soil N2O emissions, soil temperature and water content of lucerne grasslands with four levels of nitrogen addition over 25 days, which included 10 rainfall events. Results showed that nitrogen addition was observed to increase soil NO3−-N content, but not significantly improve dry matter yield, height or leaf area index. Nitrogen addition and rainfall significantly affected N2O emissions, while the response of N2O emissions to increasing nitrogen input was not linear. Relative soil gas diffusivity (Dp/Do) and water-filled pore space (WFPS) were good indicators of N2O diurnal dynamics, and Dp/Do was able to explain slightly more of the variation in N2O emissions than WFPS. Collectively, nitrogen addition did not affect lucerne dry matter yield in a short term, while it induced soil N2O emissions when rainfall events alter soil water content, and Dp/Do could be a better proxy for predicting N2O emissions in rainfed lucerne grasslands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Human Activities on Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Terrestrial Ecosystems)
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18 pages, 3731 KiB  
Article
Effect of Precipitation Variation on Soil Respiration in Rain-Fed Winter Wheat Systems on the Loess Plateau, China
by Houkun Chu, Hong Ni, Jingyong Ma and Yuying Shen
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6915; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116915 - 5 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2127
Abstract
Global climate change has aggravated the hydrological cycle by changing both the amount and distribution of precipitation, and this is especially notable in the semiarid Loess Plateau. How these precipitation variations have affected soil carbon (C) emission by the agroecosystems is still unclear. [...] Read more.
Global climate change has aggravated the hydrological cycle by changing both the amount and distribution of precipitation, and this is especially notable in the semiarid Loess Plateau. How these precipitation variations have affected soil carbon (C) emission by the agroecosystems is still unclear. Here, to evaluate the effects of precipitation variation on soil respiration (Rs), a field experiment (from 2019 to 2020) was conducted with 3 levels of manipulation, including ambient precipitation (CK), 30% decreased precipitation (P−30), and 30% increased precipitation (P+30) in rain-fed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) agroecosystems on the Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that the average Rs in P−30 treatment was significantly higher than those in the CK and P+30 treatments (p < 0.05), and the cumulative CO2 emissions were 406.37, 372.58 and 383.59 g C m−2, respectively. Seasonal responses of Rs to the soil volumetric moisture content (VWC) were affected by the different precipitation treatments. Rs was quadratically correlated with the VWC in the CK and P+30 treatments, and the threshold of the optimal VWC for Rs was approximately 16.06–17.07%. However, Rs was a piecewise linear function of the VWC in the P−30 treatment. The synergism of soil temperature (Ts) and VWC can better explain the variation in soil respiration in the CK and P−30 treatments. However, an increase in precipitation led to the decoupling of the Rs responses to Ts. The temperature sensitivity of respiration (Q10) varied with precipitation variation. Q10 was positive correlated with seasonal Ts in the CK and P+30 treatments, but exhibited a negative polynomial correlation with seasonal Ts in the P−30 treatment. Rs also exhibited diurnal clockwise hysteresis loops with Ts in the three precipitation treatments, and the seasonal dynamics of the diurnal lag time were significantly negatively correlated with the VWC. Our study highlighted that understanding the synergistic and decoupled responses of Rs and Q10 to Ts and VWC and the threshold of the change in response to the VWC under precipitation variation scenarios can benefit the prediction of future C balances in agroecosystems in semiarid regions under climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Human Activities on Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Terrestrial Ecosystems)
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