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Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Disease
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Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 October 2024 | Viewed by 1695

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Siew-Pang Chan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Centre for Behavioural Implementation Science Interventions, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
2. Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
3. Institute of Geriatrics & Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
Interests: cardiovascular informatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is our pleasure to invite you to contribute to our Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS), entitled “Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Disease”. This Special Issue will cover a comprehensive selection of recent research topics and current review articles. Our focus concerns the latest updates on the discovery and assessment of valuable circulating biomarkers for the early detection, accurate diagnosis, and effective monitoring of cardiovascular disease.

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease has been on the rise, and this trend is expected to progress upwards. As a leading cause of mortality on the global scale, this disease is also rapidly becoming a significant public health challenge. Based on the identification of novel biomarkers, it would be essential to examine and evaluate the diagnostic requirements to expedite early detection and timely interventions. While there is a large body of clinial evidence concerning the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease to date, the final chapter is far from being written.

This Special Issue is now open for submissions. If you are interested in contributing your valuable work, please send a short abstract or tentative title to the Guest Editor or Editorial Office.

We are hopeful that this collection will be a useful guide for scientists and clinicians. Data on molecular mechanisms or pathophysiology are essential, while papers that only contain clinical trials/data will not be accepted.

Dr. Siew-Pang Chan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomarkers
  • cardiovascular disease
  • cardiovascular informatics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1149 KiB  
Article
Paraoxonase-1 as a Cardiovascular Biomarker in Caribbean Hispanic Patients Treated with Clopidogrel: Abundance and Functionality
by Mariangeli Monero-Paredes, Ednalise Santiago, Kelvin Carrasquillo-Carrion, Jessicca Y. Renta, Igor B. Rogozin, Abiel Roche-Lima and Jorge Duconge
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(19), 10657; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910657 - 3 Oct 2024
Viewed by 364
Abstract
Clopidogrel, a prescription drug to reduce ischemic events in cardiovascular patients, has been extensively studied in mostly European individuals but not among Caribbean Hispanics. This study evaluated the low abundance and reduced activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) in clopidogrel-resistant patients as a predictive risk [...] Read more.
Clopidogrel, a prescription drug to reduce ischemic events in cardiovascular patients, has been extensively studied in mostly European individuals but not among Caribbean Hispanics. This study evaluated the low abundance and reduced activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) in clopidogrel-resistant patients as a predictive risk biomarker of poor responders and disease severity in this population. Thirty-six patients on clopidogrel (cases divided into poor and normal responders) were enrolled, along with 11 cardiovascular patients with no clopidogrel indications (positive control) and 13 healthy volunteers (negative control). Residual on-treatment platelet reactivity unit (PRU), PON1 abundance by Western blotting, and PON1 activity by enzymatic assays were measured. PON1 genotyping and computational haplotype phasing were performed on 512 DNA specimens for two genetic loci (rs662 and rs854560). No statistical differences in mean relative PON1 abundance were found among the groups (p > 0.05). However, a significantly lower enzymatic activity was found in poor responders (10.57 ± 6.79 µU/mL) when compared to controls (22.66 ± 8.30 µU/mL and 22.21 ± 9.66 µU/mL; p = 0.004). PON1 activity among carriers of the most prevalent PON1 haplotype (AA|AA) was significantly lower than in wild types (7.90 µU/mL vs. 22.03 µU/mL; p = 0.005). Our findings suggested that PON1 is a potential biomarker of cardiovascular disease severity in Caribbean Hispanics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Disease)
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15 pages, 2206 KiB  
Article
Differential Expression of Circulating miRNAs and Carfilzomib-Related Cardiovascular Adverse Events in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
by Marwa Tantawy, Taimour Langaee, Danxin Wang, Samuel M. Rubinstein, Robert F. Cornell, Daniel Lenihan, Michael G. Fradley and Yan Gong
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7795; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147795 - 16 Jul 2024
Viewed by 826
Abstract
This study investigates the association between circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression and cardiovascular adverse events (CVAE) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with a carfilzomib (CFZ)-based regimen. A cohort of 60 MM patients from the Prospective Observation of Cardiac Safety with Proteasome Inhibitor (PROTECT) [...] Read more.
This study investigates the association between circulating microRNA (miRNA) expression and cardiovascular adverse events (CVAE) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with a carfilzomib (CFZ)-based regimen. A cohort of 60 MM patients from the Prospective Observation of Cardiac Safety with Proteasome Inhibitor (PROTECT) study was analyzed. Among these, 31 patients (51.6%) developed CVAE post-CFZ treatment. The Taqman OpenArray Human microRNA panels were used for miRNA profiling. We identified 13 differentially expressed miRNAs at baseline, with higher expressions of miR-125a-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-18a-3p, and miR-152-3p and lower expression of miR-140-3p in patients who later developed CVAE compared to those free of CVAE, adjusting for age, gender, race, and higher B-type natriuretic peptide levels. We also identified three miRNAs, including miR-150-5p, that were differentially expressed in patients with and without CVAE post-treatment. Additionally, five miRNAs responded differently to CFZ treatment in CVAE vs. non-CVAE patients, including significantly elevated post-treatment expression of miR-140-3p and lower expressions of miR-598, miR-152, miR-21, and miR-323a in CVAE patients. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted the involvement of these miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases and vascular processes. These findings suggest that specific miRNAs could serve as predictive biomarkers for CVAE and provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of CFZ-CVAE. Further investigation is warranted before these findings can be applied in clinical settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Disease)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Paraoxonase-1 as a Cardiovascular Biomarker in Caribbean Hispanics Patients Treated with Clopidogrel: Abundance and Functionality.
Author: Duconge
Highlights: • PON1 activity among carriers of the PON1 *AA|*AA haplotype was significantly lower than in wild-types. • Patients with the rs662 polymorphism resistant to clopidogrel exhibit lower plasma abundance and reduced enzymatic activity of PON1. • Our findings suggest that PON1 is a useful predictive biomarker of CVD severity in Caribbean Hispanic patients, providing foundations for future studies on valid clinical “omic” biomarkers.

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