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Multiple Sclerosis and the Neuroinflammation

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1178

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am happy to announce a Special Issue, titled “Multiple Sclerosis and the Neuroinflammation”, which aims to shed light on crucial aspects within this dynamic research field. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, which is characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of neuroinflammation in MS is paramount for developing effective therapeutic strategies. In this Special Issue, we invite contributions that explore the intricacies of MS and neuroinflammation. We seek studies that offer novel insights into experimental results or propose experimentally testable hypotheses, thus advancing our knowledge of these conditions. Papers exploring emerging therapeutic targets, innovative experimental approaches such as organoids, or the role of immune players in MS pathogenesis are particularly encouraged. Together, let us deepen our understanding of MS and neuroinflammation and thus contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge and improvements in patient care.

Dr. Giovanni Ferrara
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • multiple sclerosis
  • neuroinflammation
  • immune system
  • pathogenesis
  • therapeutic targets
  • experimental approaches
  • organoids
  • neurodegeneration
  • demyelination
  • auto-antibodies
 

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1644 KiB  
Article
IL-6 Inhibition as a Therapeutic Target in Aged Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
by María Dema, Herena Eixarch, Mireia Castillo, Xavier Montalban and Carmen Espejo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6732; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126732 - 19 Jun 2024
Viewed by 832
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) onset at an advanced age is associated with a higher risk of developing progressive forms and a greater accumulation of disability for which there are currently no effective disease-modifying treatments. Immunosenescence is associated with the production of the senescence-associated secretory [...] Read more.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) onset at an advanced age is associated with a higher risk of developing progressive forms and a greater accumulation of disability for which there are currently no effective disease-modifying treatments. Immunosenescence is associated with the production of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), with IL-6 being one of the most prominent cytokines. IL-6 is a determinant for the development of autoimmunity and neuroinflammation and is involved in the pathogenesis of MS. Herein, we aimed to preclinically test the therapeutic inhibition of IL-6 signaling in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a potential age-specific treatment for elderly MS patients. Young and aged mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG)35–55 and examined daily for neurological signs. Mice were randomized and treated with anti-IL-6 antibody. Inflammatory infiltration was evaluated in the spinal cord and the peripheral immune response was studied. The blockade of IL-6 signaling did not improve the clinical course of EAE in an aging context. However, IL-6 inhibition was associated with an increase in the peripheral immunosuppressive response as follows: a higher frequency of CD4 T cells producing IL-10, and increased frequency of inhibitory immune check points PD-1 and Tim-3 on CD4+ T cells and Lag-3 and Tim-3 on CD8+ T cells. Our results open the window to further studies aimed to adjust the anti-IL-6 treatment conditions to tailor an effective age-specific therapy for elderly MS patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multiple Sclerosis and the Neuroinflammation)
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