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Cervical Diseases: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms in Basic Research
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Cervical Diseases: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms in Basic Research

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2024) | Viewed by 3011

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sung-taek Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 24252, Republic of Korea
Interests: cervical cancer; HPV infection; immunotherapy; minimal-invasive surgery
Dr. Hye-yon Cho

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong 18450, Republic of Korea
Interests: cervical cancer; HPV infection; immunotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Collegues, 

Cervical cancer is known to be caused by a persistent infection of high-risk HPV (human papillomavirus). The ongenic proteins E6 and E7 are associated with the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer by inactivating p53 and pRb. Those molecular mechanisms have long been targets for the treatment and prevention of cervical cancer.Despite the development of the HPV infection, cervical cancer is still the 4th most common cancer in women worldwide. In addition, annually, 266,000 women die of this disease. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that the HPV post-infection microenvironment (PIM) is a key factor of viral persistence, propagation, and malignant transformation. The PIM is known to be initiated and established via a complex interplay among virus-infected cells, immune cells, and host stroma, as well as their derived components, including chemokines, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and metabolites. Therefore, it is crucial to unveil key factors of PIM for the development of new therapeutic and preventive strategies for cervical cancer.This Special Issue will be dedicated to the molecular and immune mechanisms of cervical cancer, welcoming studies that will help to clarify how the PIM is initiated and established.

Dr. Sung-taek Park
Dr. Hye-yon Cho
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • tumor miroenvironment of cervical cancer
  • immune mehanism of cervical cancer
  • moleculr biology of cervical cancer
  • HPV infection
  • immunotherapy of cervical cancer
  • HPV screening test

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 7813 KiB  
Article
Changes of Ex Vivo Cervical Epithelial Cells Due to Electroporation with JMY
by Henriett Halász, Zoltán Szatmári, Krisztina Kovács, Miklós Koppán, Szilárd Papp, Edina Szabó-Meleg and Dávid Szatmári
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(23), 16863; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316863 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1322
Abstract
The ionic environment within the nucleoplasm might diverge from the conditions found in the cytoplasm, potentially playing a role in the cellular stress response. As a result, it is conceivable that interactions of nuclear actin and actin-binding proteins (ABPs) with apoptosis factors may [...] Read more.
The ionic environment within the nucleoplasm might diverge from the conditions found in the cytoplasm, potentially playing a role in the cellular stress response. As a result, it is conceivable that interactions of nuclear actin and actin-binding proteins (ABPs) with apoptosis factors may differ in the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. The primary intracellular stress response is Ca2+ influx. The junctional mediating and regulating Y protein (JMY) is an actin-binding protein and has the capability to interact with the apoptosis factor p53 in a Ca2+-dependent manner, forming complexes that play a regulatory role in cytoskeletal remodelling and motility. JMY’s presence is observed in both the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Here, we show that ex vivo ectocervical squamous cells subjected to electroporation with JMY protein exhibited varying morphological alterations. Specifically, the highly differentiated superficial and intermediate cells displayed reduced nuclear size. In inflamed samples, nuclear enlargement and simultaneous cytoplasmic reduction were observable and showed signs of apoptotic processes. In contrast, the less differentiated parabasal and metaplastic cells showed increased cytoplasmic activity and the formation of membrane protrusions. Surprisingly, in severe inflammation, vaginosis or ASC-US (Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance), JMY appears to influence only the nuclear and perinuclear irregularities of differentiated cells, and cytoplasmic abnormalities still existed after the electroporation. Our observations can provide an appropriate basis for the exploration of the relationship between cytopathologically relevant morphological changes of epithelial cells and the function of ABPs. This is particularly important since ABPs are considered potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for both cancers and chronic inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Diseases: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms in Basic Research)
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12 pages, 4601 KiB  
Article
BDNF and NGF Expression in Preneoplastic Cervical Disease According to HIV Status
by Angelo Sirico, Saverio Simonelli, Sara Pignatiello, Caterina Fulgione, Laura Sarno, Francesco Chiuso, Giuseppe Maria Maruotti, Matilde Sansone, Maurizio Guida and Luigi Insabato
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(13), 10729; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310729 - 27 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1310
Abstract
Background. Neurotrophins, such as BDNF and NGF, are overexpressed in tumor cells in cervical cancer, and HIV infection is associated with the upregulation of neurotrophin expression. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether BDNF and NGF are overexpressed in preneoplastic cervical disease from HIV-infected [...] Read more.
Background. Neurotrophins, such as BDNF and NGF, are overexpressed in tumor cells in cervical cancer, and HIV infection is associated with the upregulation of neurotrophin expression. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether BDNF and NGF are overexpressed in preneoplastic cervical disease from HIV-infected women. Methods. Women with preneoplastic cervical lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3) were prospectively enrolled and grouped according to their HIV status. Samples from Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) for suspected cervical cancer were obtained, and immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate BDNF and NGF expression. Results. We included in our analysis 12 HIV-infected patients who were matched with 23 HIV-negative patients as a control group. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that BDNF expression was significantly higher in cervical preneoplastic lesions from HIV-positive women than in the lesions from the control group. In particular, BDNF was expressed in 8/12 HIV-positive patients and 7/23 HIV-negative patients (66.7% vs. 30.4%, χ2 = 4.227; p = 0.040). NGF expression was not significantly higher in cervical preneoplastic lesions from HIV-positive women compared with that in the lesions from the control group. In particular, NGF was expressed in 8/12 HIV-positive patients and in 12/23 HIV-negative patients (66.7% vs. 52.2% χ2 = 0.676; p = 0.411). Logistic regression analysis showed that the HIV status is an independent predictor of BDNF expression in pre-invasive preneoplastic cervical disease when considered alone (crude OR 4.6, 95% CI 0.027–20.347; p = 0.046) and when analyzed with other co-factors (adjusted OR 6.786, 95% CI 1.084–42.476; p = 0.041). Conclusions. In preneoplastic cervical disease, BDNF expression is higher in HIV-infected women than in non-infected controls, and this is independent of the clinical features of the patients and from the presence of the HPV-HR genotype. BDNF can play a key role as a link between the pathways by which HIV and HPV interact to accelerate cervical cancer progression and invasion. These data can be useful to better understand the role of neurotrophins in the cancerogenesis of cervical cancer and the possible therapeutic strategies to improve disease outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Diseases: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms in Basic Research)
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