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Bioactive Agents Effective in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 July 2024) | Viewed by 4277

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CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Centro de Potencial e Inovação em Recursos Naturais, Unidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior do Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
Interests: bioactive compounds as health promoters; natural products; medicinal plants; bioactivity; in vivo assays; clinical trials
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioactive compounds are the food constituents that provide beneficial health effects to functional foods and nutraceuticals. These compounds exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal ctivities as well as additional preventative properties. They are also the target mechanisms that manage, prevent, and/or treat chronic or acute disorders. Metabolic syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterised by several comorbidities, including abdominal obesity, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, which together represent an important risk factor for the onset of cardiovascular diseases and premature death, as well as have a significant impact on healthcare costs. Bioative compounds are an effective weapon in the battle against metabolic syndrome.

In this regard, the consumption of functional foods and natural bioactive compounds may have a positive impact on body weight, blood pressure and glucose metabolism control, endothelial damage, lipid profile improvement, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

Dr. Luís R. Silva
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome
  • bioactive compounds
  • cardiovascular disease
  • diabetes mellitus
  • inflammation
  • functional foods
  • obesity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 5976 KiB  
Article
3,5-Dimethyl-2,4,6-trimethoxychalcone Lessens Obesity and MAFLD in Leptin-Deficient ob/ob Mice
by Stéphanie Gaigé, Anne Abysique, Rym Barbouche, Alain Tonetto, Attilio Di Maio, Maxime Robin, Anh-Tuan Lormier and Jean-Denis Troadec
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(18), 9838; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25189838 - 11 Sep 2024
Viewed by 514
Abstract
Chalcones constitute an important group of natural compounds abundant in fruits and comestible plants. They are a subject of increasing interest because of their biological activities, including anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. The simple chalcone structural scaffold can be modified at multiple sites with [...] Read more.
Chalcones constitute an important group of natural compounds abundant in fruits and comestible plants. They are a subject of increasing interest because of their biological activities, including anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. The simple chalcone structural scaffold can be modified at multiple sites with different chemical moieties. Here, we generated an artificial chalcone, i.e., 3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-trimethoxychalcone (TriMetChalc), derived from 2′,4′-Dihydroxy-6′-methoxy-3′,5′-dimethylchalcone (DMC). DMC is a major compound of Cleistocalyx operculatus, a plant widely used in Asia for its anti-hyperglycemic activity. Using ob/ob mice as an obesity model, we report that, after 3 weeks of per os administration, TriMetChalc modified food intake through the specific activation of brain structures dedicated to the regulation of energy balance. TriMetChalc also decreased weight gain, glucose intolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, through extensive liver lipidomic analysis, we identified TriMetChalc-induced modifications that could contribute to improving the liver status of the animals. Hence, TriMetChalc is a chalcone derivative capable of reducing food intake and the addition of glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of obesity. In light of these results, we believe that TriMetChalc action deserves to be more deeply evaluated over longer treatment periods and/or in combination with other chalcones with protective effects on the liver. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Agents Effective in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome)
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17 pages, 1559 KiB  
Article
Protective Effect of Betulin on Streptozotocin–Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetes in Female Rats
by Feyisayo O. Adepoju, Ksenia V. Sokolova, Irina F. Gette, Irina G. Danilova, Mikhail V. Tsurkan, Alicia C. Mondragon, Elena G. Kovaleva and Jose Manuel Miranda
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(4), 2166; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25042166 - 10 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2500
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia and a relative loss of β–cell function. Our research investigated the antidiabetic potential of betulin, a pentacyclic triterpenoid found primarily in birch bark and, intriguingly, in a few marine organisms. Betulin has been shown to possess [...] Read more.
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia and a relative loss of β–cell function. Our research investigated the antidiabetic potential of betulin, a pentacyclic triterpenoid found primarily in birch bark and, intriguingly, in a few marine organisms. Betulin has been shown to possess diverse biological activities, including antioxidant and antidiabetic activities; however, no studies have fully explored the effects of betulin on the pancreas and pancreatic islets. In this study, we investigated the effect of betulin on streptozotocin–nicotinamide (STZ)-induced diabetes in female Wistar rats. Betulin was prepared as an emulsion, and intragastric treatments were administered at doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg for 28 days. The effect of treatment was assessed by analyzing glucose parameters such as fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1C, and glucose tolerance; hepatic and renal biomarkers; lipid peroxidation; antioxidant enzymes; immunohistochemical analysis; and hematological indices. Administration of betulin improved the glycemic response and decreased α–amylase activity in diabetic rats, although insulin levels and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA–IR) scores remained unchanged. Furthermore, betulin lowered the levels of hepatic biomarkers (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alpha-amylase activities) and renal biomarkers (urea and creatine), in addition to improving glutathione levels and preventing the elevation of lipid peroxidation in diabetic animals. We also found that betulin promoted the regeneration of β–cells in a dose-dependent manner but did not have toxic effects on the pancreas. In conclusion, betulin at a dose of 50 mg/kg exerts a pronounced protective effect against cytolysis, diabetic nephropathy, and damage to the acinar pancreas and may be a potential treatment option for diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Agents Effective in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome)
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