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Molecular Investigations into the Structure Functional Roles of Coagulation Factors/Proteins

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 5939

Special Issue Editor

Institute of Experimental Hematology and Coagulation Proteins Transfusion Medicine, University Clinic of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Interests: coagulation protein; factor XIII; factor VIII; thrombosis; bleeding
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coagulation proteins are expressed from a variety of cell and tissue types. While many coagulation proteins are secreted through classical mechanisms, some use non-classical pathways of secretion. Decades of intensive research have enabled researchers to study the discrete molecular mechanisms and pathways underlying the expression of coagulation proteins, helping them to recreate the same in heterologous in vitro conditions resulting in the production of highly efficient recombinant proteins which can be administered in specific coagulopathies. In spite of a great deal of scientific literature existing on this topic, a large degree of information is still missing. Owing to the pharmaceutical and translational relevance of many of these coagulation proteins, such as coagulation Factor VIII, VWF, and Factor XIII, among many others, understanding the molecular etiology, cell-tissue type and spatial/temporal modes of regulation of these proteins is very important. The current Special Issue solicits articles describing the current state of the art in this particular field, i.e., the mechanisms and implications of cellular expression and secretion of coagulation proteins. Submissions can be in the form of reviews providing insights into the current knowledge and technical know-how as well as original research that addresses the key questions being asked in this area.

Prof. Dr. Arijit Biswas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • coagulation proteins
  • post-translational modifications
  • secretion pathways
  • tissue/cell-specific expression
  • interaction pathways
  • regulatory mechanisms

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3946 KiB  
Article
Exploring Diverse Coagulation Factor XIII Subunit Expression Datasets: A Bioinformatic Analysis
by Muhammad Ahmer Jamil, Sneha Singh, Osman El-Maarri, Johannes Oldenburg and Arijit Biswas
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(9), 4725; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094725 - 25 Apr 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2306
Abstract
Coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) circulates in plasma as a pro-transglutaminase heterotetrameric complex (FXIIIA2B2), which upon activation by thrombin and calcium covalently crosslinks preformed fibrin polymers. The heterotetrameric complex is composed of a catalytic FXIIIA2 subunit and a protective/regulatory [...] Read more.
Coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) circulates in plasma as a pro-transglutaminase heterotetrameric complex (FXIIIA2B2), which upon activation by thrombin and calcium covalently crosslinks preformed fibrin polymers. The heterotetrameric complex is composed of a catalytic FXIIIA2 subunit and a protective/regulatory FXIII-B2 subunit coded by F13A1 and F13B genes, respectively. The catalytic FXIIIA2 subunit is encoded by the F13A1 gene, expressed primarily in cells of mesenchymal origin, whereas the FXIIIB subunit encoded by the F13B gene is expressed and secreted from hepatocytes. The plasma FXIIIA2 subunit, which earlier was believed to be secreted from cells of megakaryocytic lineage, is now understood to result primarily from resident macrophages. The regulation of the FXIII subunits at the genetic level is still poorly understood. The current study adopts a purely bioinformatic approach to analyze the temporal, time-specific expression array-data corresponding to both the subunits in specific cell lineages, with respect to the gene promoters. We analyze the differentially expressed genes correlated with F13A1 and F13B expression levels in an array of cell types, utilizing publicly available microarray data. We attempt to understand the regulatory mechanism underlying the variable expression of FXIIIA2 subunit in macrophages (M0, M1, M2 and aortic resident macrophages). Similarly, the FXIIIB2 subunit expression data from adult, fetal hepatocytes and embryonic stem cells derived hepatoblasts (hESC-hepatoblast) was analyzed. The results suggest regulatory dependence between the two FXIII subunits at the transcript level. Our analysis also predicts the involvement of the FXIIIA2 subunit in macrophage polarization, plaque stability, and inflammation. Full article
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15 pages, 2722 KiB  
Article
A Homozygous Deep Intronic Variant Causes Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency and Lack of Endothelial-Specific Secretory Organelles, Weibel–Palade Bodies
by Hamideh Yadegari, Muhammad Ahmer Jamil, Natascha Marquardt and Johannes Oldenburg
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(6), 3095; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063095 - 13 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2520
Abstract
A type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) index patient (IP) remains mutation-negative after completion of the conventional diagnostic analysis, including multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and sequencing of the promoter, exons, and flanking intronic regions of the VWF gene (VWF). In this [...] Read more.
A type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) index patient (IP) remains mutation-negative after completion of the conventional diagnostic analysis, including multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and sequencing of the promoter, exons, and flanking intronic regions of the VWF gene (VWF). In this study, we intended to elucidate causative mutation through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the whole VWF (including complete intronic region), mRNA analysis, and study of the patient-derived endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs). The NGS revealed a variant in the intronic region of VWF (997 + 118 T > G in intron 8), for the first time. The bioinformatics assessments (e.g., SpliceAl) predicted this variant creates a new donor splice site (ss), which could outcompete the consensus 5′ donor ss at exon/intron 8. This would lead to an aberrant mRNA that contains a premature stop codon, targeting it to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. The subsequent quantitative real-time PCR confirmed the virtual absence of VWF mRNA in IP ECFCs. Additionally, the IP ECFCs demonstrated a considerable reduction in VWF secretion (~6% of healthy donors), and they were devoid of endothelial-specific secretory organelles, Weibel–Palade bodies. Our findings underline the potential of NGS in conjunction with RNA analysis and patient-derived cell studies for genetic diagnosis of mutation-negative type 3 VWD patients. Full article
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