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Exploring Markers and Molecular Pathogenesis of Cancer: Genitourinary and Gynecological Tumors

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2024) | Viewed by 1458

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
The Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
Interests: molecular pathology; prostate cancer; biomarkers research
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the realm of hematology and oncology, cancer remains a complex and pressing healthcare challenge, demanding innovative insights into its molecular underpinnings. Molecular and genetic factors have been shown to exert a profound influence on tumor behavior, treatment responses, and patient outcomes. However, there exists a critical gap in our understanding where the molecular underpinnings of tumor progression intersect with traditional pathological assessments. Addressing this gap is essential for tailoring therapies to individual patients and optimizing treatment efficacy. We propose a Special Issue dedicated to unraveling the intricacies of genitourinary and gynecological tumors. This Special Issue will delve into the latest advancements in understanding prostate, endometrial, bladder, penile, urothelial, cervical, and ovarian cancers, among others. The primary focus will be on molecular pathology, elucidating the intricate mechanisms driving these malignancies. We aim to shed light on novel biomarkers, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic targets to advance precision medicine and improve patient outcomes. In this Special Issue, we invite researchers in cancer biology, pathology, hematology–oncology, and other fields of cancer research to contribute original research articles, reviews, and communications that shed light on the nexus between molecular insights and the pathology of grading and staging in cancers.

Dr. Hisham Bahmad
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • cancer
  • prostate
  • bladder
  • endometrial cancer
  • ovarian cancer
  • cervical cancer
  • renal cancer
  • urothelial carcinoma
  • biomarkers
  • therapeutic target
  • personalized medicine
  • targeted therapy
  • molecular signatures
  • diagnosis
  • prognosis

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 1330 KiB  
Review
The Usefulness of Elastin Staining to Detect Vascular Invasion in Cancer
by Jeffrey Gonzalez, Hisham F. Bahmad, Stephanie Ocejo, Alvaro Abreu, Meagan Popp, Samantha Gogola, Vielka Fernandez, Monica Recine and Robert Poppiti
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(20), 15264; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242015264 - 17 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1285
Abstract
Tumor prognosis hinges on accurate cancer staging, a pivotal process influenced by the identification of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), i.e., blood vessel and lymphatic vessel invasion. Protocols by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have been established to [...] Read more.
Tumor prognosis hinges on accurate cancer staging, a pivotal process influenced by the identification of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), i.e., blood vessel and lymphatic vessel invasion. Protocols by the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have been established to assess LVI in various tumor types, including, but not limited to, breast cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic exocrine tumors, and thyroid carcinomas. The CAP refers to blood vessel invasion as “angioinvasion” (vascular invasion) to differentiate it from lymphatic vessel invasion (lymphatic invasion). For clarity, the latter terms will be used throughout this review. The presence of lymphatic and/or vascular invasion has emerged as a pivotal prognostic factor; therefore, its accurate identification is crucial not only for staging but also for providing the patient with an honest understanding of his/her prognosis. Given the prognostic importance of the correct identification of LVI, specific staining techniques are employed to distinguish lymphatic vessel invasion from angioinvasion and to differentiate true LVI from artifact. These encompass hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, elastic staining, Factor VIII staining, Ulex europaeus I agglutinin staining, CD31, CD34, D2-40, ERG, and D2-40 (podoplanin) immunohistochemical (IHC) stains among others. Based on a review of numerous publications regarding the efficacy of various methods for LVI detection, elastin staining demonstrated superior accuracy and prognostic value, allowing for more targeted treatment strategies. The clinical significance of accurately detecting LVI cannot be overstated, as it is strongly linked to higher cancer-related mortality and an increased risk of tumor recurrence. This review aims to examine the existing literature on the use of elastin stains in the detection of vascular invasion among different types of tumors and its prognostic value. Full article
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