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The Interplay between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Autoimmune Disorders...
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The Interplay between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Autoimmune Disorders 2022

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 6654

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Violetta Opoka-Winiarska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Interests: rheumatology; immunology; autoimmune; autoinflammatory disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Ewelina Grywalska

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
Interests: cancer immunology; cancer immunotherapy; immunodeficiency disorders; immunosuppressive molecules; T cell exhaustion; tumor microenvironment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, advances in understanding the pathomechanisms of autoimmune diseases have led to new therapy pathways with great benefits for patients. Nevertheless, the trigger factors and mechanisms affecting the disease development, its activity, and response to therapy remain unknown.

The key mechanism of autoimmune disorder is loss of immune tolerance against self-antigens, leading to unregulated immune activation and tissue damage. These disorders affect different types of components of the immune response, including innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokines, and complements. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of autoimmune diseases is essential for the development of new diagnostic methods, markers of disease activity, and specific treatments.

The aim of this Special Issue is to present the current progress in autoimmune diseases include but not limited to rheumatic diseases. Please note that the IJMS provides a forum for the publication of molecular research in biology and chemistry, with a strong focus on molecular biology and molecular medicine.  Therefore, clinical observations should be directed to other journals.

Dr. Violetta Opoka-Winiarska
Prof. Dr. Ewelina Grywalska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • rheumatic diseases
  • autoimmune diseases
  • trigger factors
  • immune tolerance
  • self-antigens
  • components
  • cytokines
  • complements

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 1842 KiB  
Review
Risk Factors from Pregnancy to Adulthood in Multiple Sclerosis Outcome
by Enrique González-Madrid, Ma. Andreina Rangel-Ramírez, María José Mendoza-León, Oscar Álvarez-Mardones, Pablo A. González, Alexis M. Kalergis, Ma. Cecilia Opazo and Claudia A. Riedel
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(13), 7080; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137080 - 25 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3557
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a robust inflammatory response against myelin sheath antigens, which causes astrocyte and microglial activation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). Multiple genetic predispositions and environmental factors are known to influence the immune [...] Read more.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a robust inflammatory response against myelin sheath antigens, which causes astrocyte and microglial activation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). Multiple genetic predispositions and environmental factors are known to influence the immune response in autoimmune diseases, such as MS, and in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. Although the predisposition to suffer from MS seems to be a multifactorial process, a highly sensitive period is pregnancy due to factors that alter the development and differentiation of the CNS and the immune system, which increases the offspring’s susceptibility to develop MS. In this regard, there is evidence that thyroid hormone deficiency during gestation, such as hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia, may increase susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as MS. In this review, we discuss the relevance of the gestational period for the development of MS in adulthood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interplay between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Autoimmune Disorders 2022)
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15 pages, 1150 KiB  
Review
Interplay between Mast Cells and Regulatory T Cells in Immune-Mediated Cholangiopathies
by Natalia M. Krajewska, Rémi Fiancette and Ye H. Oo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(11), 5872; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23115872 - 24 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2705
Abstract
Immune-mediated cholangiopathies are characterised by the destruction of small and large bile ducts causing bile acid stasis, which leads to subsequent inflammation, fibrosis, and eventual cirrhosis of the liver tissue. A breakdown of peripheral hepatic immune tolerance is a key feature of these [...] Read more.
Immune-mediated cholangiopathies are characterised by the destruction of small and large bile ducts causing bile acid stasis, which leads to subsequent inflammation, fibrosis, and eventual cirrhosis of the liver tissue. A breakdown of peripheral hepatic immune tolerance is a key feature of these diseases. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a major anti-inflammatory immune cell subset, and their quantities and functional capacity are impaired in autoimmune liver diseases. Tregs can undergo phenotypic reprogramming towards pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 profiles. The inflamed hepatic microenvironment influences and can impede normal Treg suppressive functions. Mast cell (MC) infiltration increases during liver inflammation, and active MCs have been shown to be an important source of pro-inflammatory mediators, thus driving pathogenesis. By influencing the microenvironment, MCs can indirectly manipulate Treg functions and inhibit their suppressive and proliferative activity. In addition, direct cell-to-cell interactions have been identified between MCs and Tregs. It is critical to consider the effects of MCs on the inflammatory milieu of the liver and their influence on Treg functions. This review will focus on the roles and crosstalk of Tregs and MCs during autoimmune cholangiopathy pathogenesis progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Interplay between Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Autoimmune Disorders 2022)
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