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Skeletal Muscle Metabolism—Effects of Diet, Exercise and Pharmacotherapies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2025) | Viewed by 817

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Interests: exercise; physical activity; skeletal muscle; energy metabolism; cellular signaling; metabolic disorders; tissue-specific drug targeting; drug discovery
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Skeletal muscle is not only essential for movement and posture, but it also plays a vital role in regulating whole-body metabolism. Accounting for ~40% of body mass, skeletal muscle is the primary site of insulin-mediated glucose disposal and a major contributor to resting energy expenditure. As such, any alterations in skeletal muscle function or metabolism can have profound implications for the development and progression of metabolic disorders.

Skeletal muscle is also a highly dynamic organ, capable of increasing energy turnover by more than 100-fold during exercise. This remarkable metabolic plasticity is underpinned by a complex network of intracellular signaling pathways that are responsive to a wide range of factors, including diet and exercise.

In recent years, skeletal muscle has also emerged as a major endocrine organ, releasing myokines that act on distant tissues to regulate metabolism, inflammation, and immunity. This role of skeletal muscle as an endocrine organ further underscores its critical importance for overall health and well-being.

The current Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences is dedicated to exploring the latest advances in our understanding of skeletal muscle metabolism and its regulation by diet, exercise, and pharmacotherapies. The Special Issue features a collection of original research articles and review papers that highlight the complex interplay between these factors in shaping skeletal muscle function and metabolism in health and disease.

Specifically, the Special Issue covers a broad range of topics, including:

  • The molecular mechanisms by which diet, exercise, and pharmacotherapies regulate skeletal muscle metabolism;
  • The role of skeletal muscle metabolism in metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and sarcopenia;
  • The emerging role of skeletal muscle as an endocrine organ and the implications of myokines for health and disease;
  • The development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting skeletal muscle metabolism for the treatment of metabolic disorders.

I hope that this Special Issue will provide a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians interested in the field of skeletal muscle metabolism.

Dr. Rasmus Kjøbsted
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • energy metabolism
  • metabolic signaling pathways
  • metabolic homeostasis
  • metabolic disorders
  • muscle mass
  • muscle metabolites
  • diet
  • exercise
  • pharmacotherapies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 283 KiB  
Article
Might Thyroid Function in Patients with Turner Syndrome Have a Significant Impact on Their Muscle Strength?
by Mariola Krzyscin, Elżbieta Sowińska-Przepiera, Žana Bumbulienė and Anhelli Syrenicz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(8), 3679; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083679 - 13 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder caused by abnormalities in one of the X chromosomes. Individuals with TS have a higher incidence of autoimmune thyroid disorders, particularly Hashimoto’s disease, leading to thyroid dysfunction, most commonly hypothyroidism. Hormonal imbalance, growth hormone deficiency, and [...] Read more.
Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder caused by abnormalities in one of the X chromosomes. Individuals with TS have a higher incidence of autoimmune thyroid disorders, particularly Hashimoto’s disease, leading to thyroid dysfunction, most commonly hypothyroidism. Hormonal imbalance, growth hormone deficiency, and reduced physical activity contribute to muscle weakness in TS patients, and thyroid dysfunction can exacerbate these effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether thyroid factors affect muscle strength in female patients with TS. The study included 70 women with TS and 88 age- and weight-matched controls. TS diagnoses were genetically confirmed (mosaic karyotypes: n = 20; monosomy X: n = 37; structural abnormalities: n = 7). The main criterion for exclusion from the study was unbalanced thyroid function. Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), and thyroid antibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (aTPO), anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (aTG)) were measured, and muscle strength was assessed using hand-held dynamometry. In TS patients, higher TSH levels were positively correlated, and higher fT4 levels were negatively correlated with muscle strength. No such correlations were found in controls. Thyroid compensation may impact musculoskeletal health in TS. Lower-normal TSH levels are associated with reduced muscle strength, and autoimmune thyroid changes like aTPO and aTG may contribute to muscle deterioration. Further research is needed to confirm these findings. Full article
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