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State-of-the-Art Molecular Biology in Korea

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 5454

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Department of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Republic of Korea
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Molecular biology is undoubtedly a very important part of scientific research, despite the very diverse methodologies in the scientific studies, which include in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. Even when conducting in vivo studies such as behavioral studies, results can be effectively validated through an elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying in vivo results. During recent decades, the field of molecular biology has developed rapidly, and Asian scientists played a crucial role in these advances. In particular, Korean scientists lead the progression of molecular biology through diverse action, including the organization of successful international conferences, for example, The International Conference of the Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology. In addition, many Korean molecular biologists continue to play pivotal roles in worldwide institutions. Now is a meaningful and relevant time to spotlight the state of molecular biology in Korea. Therefore, in this Special Issue, we welcome any studies that demonstrate the important work of Korean molecular biologists.

Dr. Bong Hyo Lee
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • molecule
  • biology
  • mechanism
  • science

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 9193 KiB  
Article
Age-Dependent Growth-Related QTL Variations in Pacific Abalone, Haliotis discus hannai
by Kang Hee Kho, Zahid Parvez Sukhan, Shaharior Hossen, Yusin Cho, Won-Kyo Lee and Ill-Sup Nou
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(17), 13388; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713388 - 29 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1223
Abstract
Pacific abalone is a high-value, commercially important marine invertebrate. It shows low growth as well as individual and yearly growth variation in aquaculture. Marker-assisted selection breeding could potentially resolve the problem of low and variable growth and increase genetic gain. Expression of quantitative [...] Read more.
Pacific abalone is a high-value, commercially important marine invertebrate. It shows low growth as well as individual and yearly growth variation in aquaculture. Marker-assisted selection breeding could potentially resolve the problem of low and variable growth and increase genetic gain. Expression of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for growth-related traits, viz., body weight, shell length, and shell width were analyzed at the first, second, and third year of age using an F1 cross population. A total of 37 chromosome-wide QTLs were identified in linkage groups 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, 07, 08, 10, 11, 12, and 13 at different ages. None of the QTLs detected at any one age were expressed in all three age groups. This result suggests that growth-related traits at different ages are influenced by different QTLs in each year. However, multiple-trait QTLs (where one QTL affects all three traits) were detected each year that are also age-specific. Eleven multiple-trait QTLs were detected at different ages: two QTLs in the first year; two QTLs in the second year; and seven QTLs in the third year. As abalone hatcheries use three-year-old abalone for breeding, QTL-linked markers that were detected at the third year of age could potentially be used in marker-assisted selection breeding programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Molecular Biology in Korea)
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21 pages, 10254 KiB  
Article
Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction
by Kang Hee Kho, Zahid Parvez Sukhan, Seok-Woo Yang, Nam-Yong Hwang and Won-Kyo Lee
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(10), 8919; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108919 - 17 May 2023
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Abstract
The seed production of small yellow croaker (SYC) is constrained by reproductive dysfunction in captive-reared females. Reproductive dysfunction is closely linked to endocrine reproductive mechanisms. To better understand the reproductive dysfunction in captive broodstock, functional characterization of gonadotropins (GtHs: follicle stimulating hormone β [...] Read more.
The seed production of small yellow croaker (SYC) is constrained by reproductive dysfunction in captive-reared females. Reproductive dysfunction is closely linked to endocrine reproductive mechanisms. To better understand the reproductive dysfunction in captive broodstock, functional characterization of gonadotropins (GtHs: follicle stimulating hormone β subunit, fshβ; luteinizing hormone β subunit, lhβ; and glycoprotein α subunit, gpα) and sex steroids (17β-estradiol, E2; testosterone, T; progesterone; P) was performed using qRT-PCR, ELISA, in vivo, and in-vitro assay. The pituitary GtHs and gonadal steroids levels were significantly higher in ripen fish of both sexes. However, changes in lhβ and E2 levels in females were not significant in the developing and ripen stages. Furthermore, GtHs and steroids levels were lower in females compared to males throughout the reproductive cycle. In vivo administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) significantly increased the expression of GtHs in both dose- and time-related manners. The lower and higher doses of GnRHa led to successful spawning in male and female SYC, respectively. Sex steroids in vitro significantly inhibited the expression of lhβ in female SYC. Overall, GtHs were shown to play a vital role in final gonadal maturation, while steroids promoted negative feedback in the regulation of pituitary GtHs. Lower levels of GtHs and steroids might be key components in the reproductive dysfunction of captive-reared female SYC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Molecular Biology in Korea)
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8 pages, 3565 KiB  
Communication
BAT26 Only Microsatellite Instability with High Tumor Mutation Burden—A Rare Entity Associated with PTEN Protein Loss and High PD-L1 Expression
by So Young Kang, Deok Geun Kim and Kyoung-Mee Kim
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(18), 10730; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810730 - 14 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1910
Abstract
Detecting microsatellite instability (MSI) in advanced cancers is crucial for clinical decision-making, as it helps in identifying patients with differential treatment responses and prognoses. BAT26 is a highly sensitive MSI marker that defines the mismatch repair (MMR) status with high sensitivity and specificity. [...] Read more.
Detecting microsatellite instability (MSI) in advanced cancers is crucial for clinical decision-making, as it helps in identifying patients with differential treatment responses and prognoses. BAT26 is a highly sensitive MSI marker that defines the mismatch repair (MMR) status with high sensitivity and specificity. However, isolated BAT26-only instability is rare and has not been previously reported. Of the 6476 cases tested using pentaplex MSI polymerase chain reaction, we identified two BAT26-only instability cases (0.03%) in this study. The case #1 patient was diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma without MMR germline mutations. The endometrial tumor showed BAT26-only instability, partial loss of MLH1/PMS2 protein expression, and a high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS = 8). The tumor exhibited a somatic phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) R303P missense mutation and loss of the PTEN protein. On a comprehensive cancer panel sequencing with ≥500 genes, the tumor showed an MSI score of 11.38% and high tumor mutation burden (TMB) (19.5 mt/mb). The case #2 patient was diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma with proficient MMR and PTEN protein loss without PTEN alteration, as well as a high PD-L1 CPS (CPS = 10). A pathogenic KRAS A146T mutation was detected with an MSI score of 3.36% and high TMB (13 mt/mb). In conclusion, BAT26-only instability is very rare and associated with PTEN protein loss, high TMB, and a high PD-L1 score. Our results suggest that patients with BAT26-only instability may show good responses to immunotherapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Molecular Biology in Korea)
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