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IJMS
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Molecular Diagnostics and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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Molecular Diagnostics and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 4940

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Loris Riccardo Lopetuso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); target therapy; mucosal immunology; inflammatory cytokines; gut microbiota; intestinal mucosal healing; IBD murine models; tumorigenesis associated to chronic inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, many advances in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, have emerged with a substantial impact on daily clinical practice. These new findings allowed for the introduction of new molecular markers and innovative drugs useful for an innovative clinical approach to IBD. We propose to your attention a Special Issue of IJMS including reviews and research articles regarding recent advances in the field of basic and molecular research with translational applications in IBD.

The establishment of new goals in the management of IBD and the continuation of the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of IBD have introduced new concepts in the areas of intestinal fibrogenesis, small oral therapeutic molecules, gut microbiota, molecular markers of intestinal healing, and molecular predictive markers of response to therapy.

In this Special Issue, we will welcome your contributions in the form of original research and review articles facing each side of basic, molecular, and translational research in IBD.

Prof. Dr. Loris Riccardo Lopetuso
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • IBD molecular pathogenesis
  • intestinal mucosal healing
  • gut microbiota in IBD
  • fecal microbiota transplantation
  • target therapy in IBD
  • stem cell therapy
  • biologic agents
  • small molecules
  • adhesion antagonists
  • inflammatory cytokines
  • lymphocyte control

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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21 pages, 3389 KiB  
Article
A Novel Microbial Dysbiosis Index and Intestinal Microbiota-Associated Markers as Tools of Precision Medicine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Paediatric Patients
by Francesca Toto, Chiara Marangelo, Matteo Scanu, Paola De Angelis, Sara Isoldi, Maria Teresa Abreu, Salvatore Cucchiara, Laura Stronati, Federica Del Chierico and Lorenza Putignani
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9618; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179618 - 5 Sep 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3010
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiota (GM) has a significant impact on the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) progression. Our aim was to investigate the GM profiles, the Microbial Dysbiosis Index (MDI) and the intestinal microbiota-associated markers in relation to IBD clinical characteristics [...] Read more.
Recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiota (GM) has a significant impact on the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) progression. Our aim was to investigate the GM profiles, the Microbial Dysbiosis Index (MDI) and the intestinal microbiota-associated markers in relation to IBD clinical characteristics and disease state. We performed 16S rRNA metataxonomy on both stools and ileal biopsies, metabolic dysbiosis tests on urine and intestinal permeability and mucosal immunity activation tests on the stools of 35 IBD paediatric patients. On the GM profile, we assigned the MDI to each patient. In the statistical analyses, the MDI was correlated with clinical parameters and intestinal microbial-associated markers. In IBD patients with high MDI, Gemellaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were increased in stools, and Fusobacterium, Haemophilus and Veillonella were increased in ileal biopsies. Ruminococcaceae and WAL_1855D were enriched in active disease condition; the last one was also positively correlated to MDI. Furthermore, the MDI results correlated with PUCAI and Matts scores in ulcerative colitis patients (UC). Finally, in our patients, we detected metabolic dysbiosis, intestinal permeability and mucosal immunity activation. In conclusion, the MDI showed a strong association with both severity and activity of IBD and a positive correlation with clinical scores, especially in UC. Thus, this evidence could be a useful tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of IBD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnostics and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease)
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Review

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14 pages, 514 KiB  
Review
Circadian Rhythm Dysregulation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mechanisms and Chronotherapeutic Approaches
by Yuko Nagao, Akihiko Taguchi and Yasuharu Ohta
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(8), 3724; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26083724 - 15 Apr 2025
Viewed by 213
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. Recent research has highlighted the significant interplay between IBD pathogenesis and circadian rhythms. This review synthesizes current evidence regarding circadian regulation in IBD, covering three [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. Recent research has highlighted the significant interplay between IBD pathogenesis and circadian rhythms. This review synthesizes current evidence regarding circadian regulation in IBD, covering three main areas: (1) circadian rhythms in intestinal physiology, (2) circadian disruption patterns in IBD patients, and (3) the role of clock genes in IBD pathogenesis. We discuss how these findings may inform novel chronotherapeutic approaches for IBD treatment. Future research directions that could facilitate translation of chronobiological insights into clinical applications are also explored. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnostics and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease)
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32 pages, 928 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbiota Modulation in IBD: From the Old Paradigm to Revolutionary Tools
by Marco Murgiano, Bianca Bartocci, Pierluigi Puca, Federica di Vincenzo, Angelo Del Gaudio, Alfredo Papa, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Franco Scaldaferri and Loris Riccardo Lopetuso
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 3059; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073059 - 27 Mar 2025
Viewed by 426
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders primarily comprising two main conditions: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The gut microbiota’s role in driving inflammation in IBD has garnered significant attention, yet the precise mechanisms through which the microbiota influences IBD pathogenesis remain [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders primarily comprising two main conditions: ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The gut microbiota’s role in driving inflammation in IBD has garnered significant attention, yet the precise mechanisms through which the microbiota influences IBD pathogenesis remain largely unclear. Given the limited therapeutic options for IBD, alternative microbiota-targeted therapies—including prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, and symbiotics—have been proposed. While these approaches have shown promising results, microbiota modulation is still mainly considered an adjunct therapy to conventional treatments, with a demonstrated impact on patients’ quality of life. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), already approved for treating Clostridioides difficile infection, represents the first in a series of innovative microbiota-based therapies under investigation. Microbial biotherapeutics are emerging as personalized and cutting-edge tools for IBD management, encompassing next-generation probiotics, bacterial consortia, bacteriophages, engineered probiotics, direct metabolic pathway modulation, and nanotherapeutics. This review explores microbial modulation as a therapeutic strategy for IBDs, highlighting current approaches and examining promising tools under development to better understand their potential clinical applications in managing intestinal inflammatory disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Diagnostics and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease)
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