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Proteomics of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Cancer
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Proteomics of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Cancer

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 3518

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ján Sabo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia
Interests: clinical proteomics; mass spectrometry; immune system; subsets of mononuclear cells; cancer; COVID-19; biomarkers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clinical proteomics focuses on the comprehensive study of proteins in various clinical settings with the aim of enhancing our understanding of disease mechanisms, biomarker discovery, and personalized medicine. Mass spectrometry and other high-throughput proteomic techniques are commonly employed in the clinical proteomics of peripheral blood.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are a heterogeneous population of immune cells that includes lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells), monocytes, and dendritic cells. Proteomics analysis of PBMCs provides insights into the immune system's status and its role in cancer diseases and conditions. Further therapeutic advances require a deeper understanding of the interplay between immune cells in peripheral blood and tumors. With such an in-depth understanding of pathology, the development of novel clinical biomarkers can proceed efficiently and effectively, leading to an enhanced likelihood of improving patient outcomes.

The aim of this Special Issue is to attract attention to experiments that characterize the proteome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cancer, which are highly valuable for the identification of clinically applicable and functionally relevant biomarkers, and to the resolution of pathological problems in cancer that have not yet been addressed.

Prof. Dr. Ján Sabo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • clinical proteomics
  • cancer
  • immune response
  • peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)
  • CD8+ T cells in PBMC
  • CD4+ T cells in PBMC
  • B cells in PBMC
  • monocytes in PBMC
  • NK cells in PBMC
  • dendritic cells in PBMC
  • biomarker discovery

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2279 KiB  
Article
B Cell Lymphocytes as a Potential Source of Breast Carcinoma Marker Candidates
by Soňa Tkáčiková, Miroslav Marcin, Peter Bober, Mária Kacírová, Michaela Šuliková, Jozef Parnica, Dávid Tóth, Marek Lenárt, Jozef Radoňak, Peter Urdzík, Ján Fedačko and Ján Sabo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7351; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137351 - 4 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1399
Abstract
Despite advances in the genomic classification of breast cancer, current clinical tests and treatment decisions are commonly based on protein-level information. Nowadays breast cancer clinical treatment selection is based on the immunohistochemical (IHC) determination of four protein biomarkers: Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1), Progesterone [...] Read more.
Despite advances in the genomic classification of breast cancer, current clinical tests and treatment decisions are commonly based on protein-level information. Nowadays breast cancer clinical treatment selection is based on the immunohistochemical (IHC) determination of four protein biomarkers: Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1), Progesterone Receptor (PGR), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2), and proliferation marker Ki-67. The prognostic correlation of tumor-infiltrating T cells has been widely studied in breast cancer, but tumor-infiltrating B cells have not received so much attention. We aimed to find a correlation between immunohistochemical results and a proteomic approach in measuring the expression of proteins isolated from B-cell lymphocytes in peripheral blood samples. Shotgun proteomic analysis was chosen for its key advantage over other proteomic methods, which is its comprehensive and untargeted approach to analyzing proteins. This approach facilitates better characterization of disease-associated changes at the protein level. We identified 18 proteins in B cell lymphocytes with a significant fold change of more than 2, which have promising potential to serve as breast cancer biomarkers in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomics of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Cancer)
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16 pages, 7749 KiB  
Article
Peripheral Blood CD8+ T-Lymphocyte Immune Response in Benign and Subpopulations of Breast Cancer Patients
by Marek Lenárt, Peter Bober, Miroslav Marcin, Soňa Tkáčiková, Mária Kacírová, Michal Alexovič, Dávid Tóth, Natália Madárová, Jozef Radoňak, Peter Urdzík, Ján Fedačko and Ján Sabo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6423; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126423 - 11 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1545
Abstract
Peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes play a crucial role in cell-mediated immunity and tumor-related immune responses in breast cancer. In this study, label-free quantification analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of benign [...] Read more.
Peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes play a crucial role in cell-mediated immunity and tumor-related immune responses in breast cancer. In this study, label-free quantification analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of benign patients and patients with different breast cancer (BC) subtypes, i.e., luminal A, luminal B, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), were performed using nano-UHPLC and Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Differential protein expression in CD8+ T lymphocytes revealed significant downregulation (log2 FC ≥ 0.38 or ≤−0.38, adj. p < 0.05), particularly in proteins involved in cytotoxicity, cytolysis, and proteolysis, such as granzymes (GZMs) and perforin 1 (PRF1). This downregulation was observed in the benign group (GZMH, GZMM, and PRF1) and luminal B (GZMA, GZMH) subtypes, whereas granzyme K (GZMK) was upregulated in TNBC in comparison to healthy controls. The RNA degradation pathway was significantly downregulated (p < 0.05, normalized enrichment score (NES) from −1.47 to −1.80) across all BC subtypes, suggesting a potential mechanism for regulating gene expression during T cell activation. Also, the Sm-like proteins (LSM2, LSM3, and LSM5) were significantly downregulated in the RNA degradation pathway. Proteomic analysis of CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood across different breast cancer subtypes provides a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms of the systemic immune response that can significantly contribute to advancements in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomics of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Cancer)
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