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Bioceramics: Challenges and Medical Applications of Calcium-Phosphate-Based Biocompatible Ceramics

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 1587

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino-shi 275-0016, Chiba, Japan
Interests: materials science; bio-ceramic fabrication processing; calcium phosphate; β-tricalcium phosphate ceramics; crystal structure chemistry; solid state chemistry; porous body; dense body

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
2. International Institute for Materials with Life Functions, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
Interests: hydroxyapatite; calcium phosphates; bioceramic processing; crystals with well-controlled anisotropy; phase-like artificial bone; tissue engineering; anti-bacterial materials; immunotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The production and characterization of ceramics have undergone dramatic changes through the use of nanoscience. Over the past few decades, bioceramics research has evolved from a traditional material science to a molecular nanomaterial science. Calcium phosphate ceramics are rapidly developing in the field of biological hard tissues and have a significant impact on basic science and clinical research. Numerous studies have contributed to our knowledge of molecular mechanisms by producing materials via molecular synthetic reactions, assessing their molecular behaviour in vivo, defining the pathways affecting therapeutic tissue regeneration, and developing them as tools for more effective prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. This open access Special Issue will bring together original papers and review articles on frontline research in calcium phosphate, with a focus on hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate and biphasic calcium phosphate. We will highlight new approaches and technological developments in calcium phosphate materials. The main feature of this Special Issue will be the open source sharing of important research results in the field of molecular sciences, leading to a deeper understanding of calcium phosphate, the synthesis and characterization of noble materials, the improvement of material properties for medical applications, and the discovery of new diagnostics and therapies.

Prof. Dr. Kazuaki Hashimoto
Prof. Dr. Mamoru Aizawa
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • calcium phosphate synthesis
  • functional biomaterials
  • biological bone cements and adhesives
  • surface and interface properties
  • antibacterial and antiviral material
  • properties for medical applications
  • drug delivery properties
  • therapy and diagnostics
  • in vitro and in vivo evaluation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 48003 KiB  
Article
Development of Rapid Bioactivity-Expressed Zr-50Ti Alloys by Surface Treatment with Modified Simulated Body Fluid
by Yuwei Wu, Shigeomi Takai and Takeshi Yabutsuka
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(12), 6587; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25126587 - 14 Jun 2024
Viewed by 610
Abstract
Zr-50Ti alloys are promising biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical properties and low magnetic susceptibility. However, Zr-50Ti alloys do not inherently bond well with bone. This study aims to enhance the bioactivity and bonding strength of Zr-50Ti alloys for orthopedic implant materials. Initially, [...] Read more.
Zr-50Ti alloys are promising biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical properties and low magnetic susceptibility. However, Zr-50Ti alloys do not inherently bond well with bone. This study aims to enhance the bioactivity and bonding strength of Zr-50Ti alloys for orthopedic implant materials. Initially, the surface of Zr-50Ti alloys was treated with a sulfuric acid solution to create a microporous structure, increasing surface roughness and area. Subsequently, low crystalline calcium phosphate (L-CaP) precipitation was controlled by adding Mg2+ and/or CO32− ions in modified simulated body fluid (m-SBF). The treated Zr-50Ti alloys were then subjected to cold isostatic pressing to force m-SBF into the micropores, followed by incubation to allow L-CaP formation. The apatite-forming process was tested in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results demonstrated that the incorporation of Mg2+ and/or CO32− ions enabled the L-CaP to cover the entire surface of Zr-50Ti alloys within only one day. After short-term soaking in SBF, the L-CaP layer, modulated by Mg2+ and/or CO32− ions, formed a uniform hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on the surface of the Zr-50Ti alloys, showing potential for optimized bone integration. After soaking in SBF for 14 days, the bonding strength between the apatite layer and alloy has the potential to meet the orthopedic application requirement of 22 MPa. This study demonstrates an effective method to enhance the bioactivity and bonding strength of Zr-50Ti alloys for orthopedic applications. Full article
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18 pages, 12354 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Porous β-Type Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics Formed via Physical Foaming with Freeze-Drying
by Kazuaki Hashimoto, Hiroto Oikawa and Hirobumi Shibata
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5363; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105363 - 14 May 2024
Viewed by 618
Abstract
Porous β-tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2; β-TCP) was prepared via freeze-drying and the effects of this process on pore shapes and sizes were investigated. Various samples were prepared by freezing β-TCP slurries above a liquid nitrogen surface at −180 [...] Read more.
Porous β-tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2; β-TCP) was prepared via freeze-drying and the effects of this process on pore shapes and sizes were investigated. Various samples were prepared by freezing β-TCP slurries above a liquid nitrogen surface at −180 °C with subsequent immersion in liquid nitrogen at −196 °C. These materials were then dried under reduced pressure in a freeze-dryer, after which they were sintered with heating. Compared with conventional heat-based drying, the resulting pores were more spherical, which increased both the mechanical strength and porosity of the β-TCP. These materials had a wide range of pore sizes from 50 to 200 µm, with the mean and median values both approximately 100 µm regardless of the freeze-drying conditions. Mercury porosimetry data showed that the samples contained small, interconnected pores with sizes of 1.24 ± 0.25 µm and macroscopic, interconnected pores of 25.8 ± 4.7 µm in size. The effects of nonionic surfactants having different hydrophilic/lipophilic balance (HLB) values on foaming and pore size were also investigated. Materials made with surfactants having lower HLB values exhibited smaller pores and lower porosity, whereas higher HLB surfactants gave higher porosity and slightly larger macropores. Even so, the pore diameter could not be readily controlled solely by adjusting the HLB value. The findings of this work indicated that high porosity (>75%) and good compressive strength (>2 MPa) can both be obtained in the same porous material and that foaming agents with HLB values between 12.0 and 13.5 were optimal. Full article
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