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Cell Motility and Its Underlying Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 2079

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cell motility and migration are fundamental in many physiological processes, such as embryogenesis, angiogenesis, wound healing, immune response, and several disease-related processes. The scientific interest in this topic has grown considerably in recent years, spanning a wide range of research fields. Cell movement represents a fundamental cellular function that integrates several cellular processes, including cell adhesion, cell signaling, cytoskeleton activity, and cell volume changes. It occurs thanks to multiple dynamic processes and is modulated by a wide range of biochemical and biophysical signals, either extracellular or intracellular. The research carried out in this field has allowed us to understand many aspects of cell movement; however, because of the inherent complexity of this function, several unanswered questions still need to be addressed.

This Special Issue of IJMS aims to cover more recent insights in the research on this field and on the molecular and cellular mechanisms and properties of this fundamental function, particularly the signaling networks underlying the motility and migration of individual cells as well as collective migrations.

Dr. Maria Giulia Lionetto
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cell motility
  • cell migration
  • cytoskeleton
  • adhesion
  • signaling
  • imaging
  • microscopy
  • molecular biology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1802 KiB  
Article
Helicobacter pylori Eradication Reverses DNA Damage Response Pathway but Not Senescence in Human Gastric Epithelium
by Polyxeni Kalisperati, Evangelia Spanou, Ioannis S. Pateras, Konstantinos Evangelou, Irene Thymara, Penelope Korkolopoulou, Athanassios Kotsinas, Panayiotis G. Vlachoyiannopoulos, Athanasios G. Tzioufas, Christos Kanellopoulos, Vassilis G. Gorgoulis and Stavros Sougioultzis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 3888; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073888 - 31 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1208
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection induces DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs) and consequently activates the DNA Damage Response pathway (DDR) and senescence in gastric epithelium. We studied DDR activation and senescence before and after the eradication of the pathogen. Gastric antral and corpus biopsies [...] Read more.
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection induces DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSBs) and consequently activates the DNA Damage Response pathway (DDR) and senescence in gastric epithelium. We studied DDR activation and senescence before and after the eradication of the pathogen. Gastric antral and corpus biopsies of 61 patients with H. pylori infection, prior to and after eradication treatment, were analyzed by means of immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence for DDR marker (γH2AΧ, phosporylated ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (pATM), p53-binding protein (53BP1) and p53) expression. Samples were also evaluated for Ki67 (proliferation index), cleaved caspase-3 (apoptotic index) and GL13 staining (cellular senescence). Ten H. pylori (−) dyspeptic patients served as controls. All patients were re-endoscoped in 72-1361 days (mean value 434 days), and tissue samples were processed in the same manner. The eradication of the microorganism, in human gastric mucosa, downregulates γH2AΧ expression in both the antrum and corpus (p = 0.00019 and p = 0.00081 respectively). The expression of pATM, p53 and 53BP1 is also reduced after eradication. Proliferation and apoptotic indices were reduced, albeit not significantly, after pathogen clearance. Moreover, cellular senescence is increased in H. pylori-infected mucosa and remains unaffected after eradication. Interestingly, senescence was statistically increased in areas of intestinal metaplasia (IM) compared with adjacent non-metaplastic mucosa (p < 0.001). In conclusion, H. pylori infection triggers DSBs, DDR and senescence in the gastric epithelium. Pathogen eradication reverses the DDR activation but not senescence. Increased senescent cells may favor IM persistence, thus potentially contributing to gastric carcinogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Motility and Its Underlying Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms)
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Review

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14 pages, 1811 KiB  
Review
The Role of Lutheran/Basal Cell Adhesion Molecule in Hematological Diseases and Tumors
by Juan Jin, Qinqin Guo and Zhibin Yan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7268; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137268 - 2 Jul 2024
Viewed by 603
Abstract
Cell adhesion is a dynamic process that plays a fundamental role in cell proliferation, maintenance, differentiation, and migration. Basal cell adhesion molecule (BCAM), also known as Lutheran (Lu), belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. Lu/BCAM, which is widely expressed in [...] Read more.
Cell adhesion is a dynamic process that plays a fundamental role in cell proliferation, maintenance, differentiation, and migration. Basal cell adhesion molecule (BCAM), also known as Lutheran (Lu), belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. Lu/BCAM, which is widely expressed in red blood cells, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells across various tissues, playing a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell adhesion, cell motility and cell migration. Moreover, Lu/BCAM, dysregulated in many diseases, such as blood diseases and various types of cancer, may act as a biomarker and target for the treatment of these diseases. This review explores the significance of Lu/BCAM in cell adhesion and its potential as a novel target for treating hematological diseases and tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Motility and Its Underlying Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms)
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