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Responses of Organisms to Environmental Chemical Stressors: Molecular and Cellular Insights

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 1666

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Organisms are exposed to a number of chemical stressors, most of which are derived from the anthropogenic release of chemical contaminants into the environment from both point and non-point pollution sources. Thus, they develop several molecular and cellular responses to environmental chemical stressors, including, among others, activation of detoxification processes, repair responses, metabolic changes, alterations in enzymatic activity, and changes in gene expression. The study of these responses at the molecular and cellular level can provide insight into the mode of action of chemical stressors, the mechanisms underlying the ability of organisms to cope with stressors, and the early damaging effect produced. This knowledge can contribute to developing markers (biomarkers) of exposure, effect, and susceptibility to environmental chemical stressors, which can represent an environmental early warning for risk assessment.

This Special Issue is aimed to cover the most recent insights into research on the molecular and cellular aspects of the responses of the organisms to environmental chemical stressors with a particular emphasis on emerging approaches and methodologies.

Dr. Maria Giulia Lionetto
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • molecular responses
  • cellular responses
  • protein
  • gene
  • DNA
  • membrane
  • oxidative stress
  • chemical stressor
  • chemical pollutant
  • emerging pollutant

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1872 KiB  
Article
Polyester Microfibers Exposure Modulates Mytilus galloprovincialis Hemolymph Microbiome
by Manon Auguste, Martina Leonessi, Lapo Doni, Caterina Oliveri, Anita Jemec Kokalj, Damjana Drobne, Luigi Vezzulli and Laura Canesi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8049; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158049 - 24 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Microplastic (MP) contamination in the aquatic environment is a cause of concern worldwide since MP can be taken up by different organisms, altering different biological functions. In particular, evidence is accumulating that MP can affect the relationship between the host and its associated [...] Read more.
Microplastic (MP) contamination in the aquatic environment is a cause of concern worldwide since MP can be taken up by different organisms, altering different biological functions. In particular, evidence is accumulating that MP can affect the relationship between the host and its associated microbial communities (the microbiome), with potentially negative health consequences. Synthetic microfibers (MFs) represent one of the main MPs in the marine environment, which can be accumulated by filter-feeding invertebrates, such as bivalves, with consequent negative effects and transfer through the food chain. In the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) MFs, with a size distribution resembling that of an MF released from textile washing, have been previously shown to induce multiple stress responses. In this work, in the same experimental conditions, the effects of exposure to PET-MF (96 h, 10, and 100 μg/L) on mussel hemolymph microbiome were evaluated by 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. The results show that PET-MF affects the composition of bacterial communities at the phylum, family and genus level, with stronger effects at the lowest concentration tested. The relationship between MF-induced changes in hemolymph microbial communities and responses observed at the whole organism level are discussed. Full article
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Review

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25 pages, 898 KiB  
Review
Liver and Pancreatic Toxicity of Endocrine-Disruptive Chemicals: Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress
by Adina V. Lința, Bogdan M. Lolescu, Cosmin A. Ilie, Mihaela Vlad, Alexandru Blidișel, Adrian Sturza, Claudia Borza, Danina M. Muntean and Octavian M. Crețu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 7420; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137420 - 6 Jul 2024
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Abstract
In recent years, the worldwide epidemic of metabolic diseases, namely obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been strongly associated with constant exposure to endocrine-disruptive chemicals (EDCs), in particular, the ones able to disrupt various metabolic pathways. EDCs have [...] Read more.
In recent years, the worldwide epidemic of metabolic diseases, namely obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been strongly associated with constant exposure to endocrine-disruptive chemicals (EDCs), in particular, the ones able to disrupt various metabolic pathways. EDCs have a negative impact on several human tissues/systems, including metabolically active organs, such as the liver and pancreas. Among their deleterious effects, EDCs induce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which are also the major pathophysiological mechanisms underlying metabolic diseases. In this narrative review, we delve into the current literature on EDC toxicity effects on the liver and pancreatic tissues in terms of impaired mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis. Full article
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