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Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Plant-Sourced Compounds
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Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Plant-Sourced Compounds

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 2019

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Johana Rondevaldova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Praha, Czech Republic
Interests: antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial combination effect; antimicrobial activity; antioxidant activity; future smart food; green extraction methods; medicinal plants; micronutrients; neglected and underutilized species (NUS); tropical fruits and vegetables; Staphylococcus aureus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants produce a large number of diverse bioactive compounds that help them defend against pathogens and other environmental stressors. For centuries, humans have exploited plants as an invaluable source of secondary metabolites for various purposes, including treating infections, preventing chronic diseases, and preserving food. Many of these bioactive phytochemicals exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and they continue to play a significant role in modern research and medicine.

Over the last few years, antioxidants have received great attention because of their ability to inhibit free radicals responsible for oxidative stress and the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Plants are abundant sources of antioxidants, including vitamins, phenolics, and carotenoids, which play a crucial role in neutralizing harmful free radicals and reactive oxygen species, and thus they can have beneficial effects on human health.

Similarly, an extensive increase in antibiotic resistance owed to a sustained persistence of resistant bacteria has led to increased interest in plant-derived compounds and their possible antibacterial effect. Moreover, some previous studies have found that combinations of antibiotics with plant extracts or phytochemicals can significantly enhance antibiotic activity and overcome bacterial antibiotic resistance.

Although the plants have been traditionally used in various kinds of indigenous medicinal systems and many of their compounds hold promise for their antibacterial and antioxidant properties, further research is needed to fully discover their potential and to understand their mechanisms of action and possible applications in medicine and health. Moreover, their effectiveness can vary depending on factors such as the plant species, extraction methods, and concentrations used. Thus the papers in this Special Issue will provide up-to-date literature analysis and newly generated research on the antibacterial and antioxidant effectiveness of plant extracts, plant-derived compounds, or their synthetic analogs, including innovative approaches for obtaining phytochemical-rich extracts/higher yield of phytocompounds and evaluating their activities, including combinatory effect.

Dr. Johana Rondevaldova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibacterial effect
  • antioxidants
  • medicinal plants
  • anti-infective agents
  • phytochemicals

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 2024 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Evaluation of Two Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Compounds: PPAP23 and PPAP53
by Aparna Viswanathan Ammanath, Miki Matsuo, Huanhuan Wang, Frank Kraus, Anton Bleisch, Philipp Peslalz, Majd Mohammad, Meghshree Deshmukh, Anne Grießhammer, Moushumi Purkayastha, Andreas Vorbach, Boris Macek, Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt, Lisa Maier, Dorothee Kretschmer, Andreas Peschel, Tao Jin, Bernd Plietker and Friedrich Götz
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8023; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158023 - 23 Jul 2024
Viewed by 416
Abstract
Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) comprise a large group of compounds of mostly plant origin. The best-known compound is hyperforin from St. John’s wort with its antidepressant, antitumor and antimicrobial properties. The chemical synthesis of PPAP variants allows the generation of compounds with improved [...] Read more.
Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) comprise a large group of compounds of mostly plant origin. The best-known compound is hyperforin from St. John’s wort with its antidepressant, antitumor and antimicrobial properties. The chemical synthesis of PPAP variants allows the generation of compounds with improved activity and compatibility. Here, we studied the antimicrobial activity of two synthetic PPAP-derivatives, the water-insoluble PPAP23 and the water-soluble sodium salt PPAP53. In vitro, both compounds exhibited good activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Both compounds had no adverse effects on Galleria mellonella wax moth larvae. However, they were unable to protect the larvae from infection with S. aureus because components of the larval coelom neutralized the antimicrobial activity; a similar effect was also seen with serum albumin. In silico docking studies with PPAP53 revealed that it binds to the F1 pocket of human serum albumin with a binding energy of −7.5 kcal/mol. In an infection model of septic arthritis, PPAP23 decreased the formation of abscesses and S. aureus load in kidneys; in a mouse skin abscess model, topical treatment with PPAP53 reduced S. aureus counts. Both PPAPs were active against anaerobic Gram-positive gut bacteria such as neurotransmitter-producing Clostridium, Enterococcus or Ruminococcus species. Based on these results, we foresee possible applications in the decolonization of pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Plant-Sourced Compounds)
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12 pages, 883 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of In Vitro Synergistic Effects of Tetracycline with Alkaloid-Related Compounds against Diarrhoeic Bacteria
by Hayford Osei-Owusu, Johana Rondevaldova, Marketa Houdkova, Tomas Kudera, Tersia Needham, Anna Mascellani and Ladislav Kokoska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 6038; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25116038 - 30 May 2024
Viewed by 468
Abstract
Diarrhoea remains an important public health concern, particularly in developing countries, and has become difficult to treat because of antibacterial resistance. The development of synergistic antimicrobial agents appears to be a promising alternative treatment against diarrhoeic infections. In this study, the combined effect [...] Read more.
Diarrhoea remains an important public health concern, particularly in developing countries, and has become difficult to treat because of antibacterial resistance. The development of synergistic antimicrobial agents appears to be a promising alternative treatment against diarrhoeic infections. In this study, the combined effect of tetracycline together with either nitroxoline, sanguinarine, or zinc pyrithione (representing various classes of plant-based compounds) was evaluated in vitro against selected diarrhoeic bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella flexneri, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Yersinia enterocolitica). The chequerboard method in 96-well microtiter plates was used to determine the sum of the fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs). Three independent experiments were performed per combination, each in triplicate. It was observed that the combination of tetracycline with either nitroxoline, sanguinarine, or zinc pyrithione produced synergistic effects against most of the pathogenic bacteria tested, with FICI values ranging from 0.086 to 0.5. Tetracycline–nitroxoline combinations produced the greatest synergistic action against S. flexneri at a FICI value of 0.086. The combinations of the agents tested in this study can thus be used for the development of new anti-diarrhoeic medications. However, studies focusing on their in vivo anti-diarrhoeic activity and safety are required before any consideration for utilization in human medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Plant-Sourced Compounds)
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14 pages, 1249 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Synthetic Polyoxygenated Flavonoids
by Mauricio Enrique Osorio-Olivares, Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez, Katy Díaz, Javiera Canelo, Lautaro Taborga and Luis Espinoza-Catalán
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 5999; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115999 - 30 May 2024
Viewed by 454
Abstract
Flavonoids are an abundant class of naturally occurring compounds with broad biological activities, but their limited abundance in nature restricts their use in medicines and food additives. Here we present the synthesis and determination of the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of twenty-two structurally [...] Read more.
Flavonoids are an abundant class of naturally occurring compounds with broad biological activities, but their limited abundance in nature restricts their use in medicines and food additives. Here we present the synthesis and determination of the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of twenty-two structurally related flavonoids (five of which are new) by scientifically validated methods. Flavanones (FV1–FV11) had low inhibitory activity against the bacterial growth of MRSA 97-7. However, FV2 (C5,7,3′,4′ = OH) and FV6 (C5,7 = OH; C4′ = SCH3) had excellent bacterial growth inhibitory activity against Gram-negative E. coli (MIC = 25 µg/mL for both), while Chloramphenicol (MIC = 25 µg/mL) and FV1 (C5,7,3′ = OCH3; 4′ = OH) showed inhibitory activity against Gram-positive L. monocytogenes (MIC = 25 µg/mL). From the flavone series (FO1–FO11), FO2 (C5,7,3′,4′ = OH), FO3 (C5,7,4′ = OH; 3′ = OCH3), and FO5 (C5,7,4′ = OH) showed good inhibitory activity against Gram-positive MRSA 97-7 (MIC = 50, 12, and 50 µg/mL, respectively), with FO3 being more active than the positive control Vancomycin (MIC = 25 µg/mL). FO10 (C5,7= OH; 4′ = OCH3) showed high inhibitory activity against E. coli and L. monocytogenes (MIC = 25 and 15 µg/mL, respectively). These data add significantly to our knowledge of the structural requirements to combat these human pathogens. The positions and number of hydroxyl groups were key to the antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Plant-Sourced Compounds)
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